Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-05-17T13:28:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Geanso Miranda.pdf: 3684473 bytes, checksum: 4d358200b337e74396e2c65531625ec1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-17T13:28:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geanso Miranda.pdf: 3684473 bytes, checksum: 4d358200b337e74396e2c65531625ec1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / FAPEMA / In this work, L-Histidine hydrobromide monohydrate (C6H12N3O3Br) (LHHBr) and L-Histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (C6H12N3O3Cl) (LHHCl) crystals are studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy as a function of the temperature. The thermal analysis experiments (TGA, DTA and DSC) were performed between 30 and 500 °C, and XRD experiments were performed between 30 and 190 °C due to melting point. It has been observed that LHHBr is stable up to 100 °C and undergoes a structural phase transition between 110 and 130 °C, whereas LHHCl is stable up to 130 °C and undergoes a structural phase transition between 135 to 150 °C. The Le Bail method was used to determine the samples structure after the phase transition (orthorhombic-monoclinic) as a function of the temperature. Moreover, it was possible to determine the lattice parameters of the new phase. For LHHBr, where obtained lattice parameters: a= 12,159(1) Å, b= 16,755(2) Å, c= 19,278(9) Å, β= 108,49(6)°. For LHHCl the unit cell dimensions were obtained: a= 10,775(6) Å, b= 15,340(9) Å, c= 21,699(6) Å, β= 102,20(3)°. Through the XRD measurements as function of temperature was also possible to determine the expansion coefficient of orthorhombic phase. The expansion coefficients obtained for the LHHBr along the crystallographic axes were: α[100]= 6,41(5) x 10-6 °C-1, α[010]= 28,7(6) x 10-6 °C-1 and α[001]= 52,2(9) x 10-6 °C-1. For LHHCl the expansion coefficient obtained for the orthorhombic phase in the crystallographic axes were: α[100]= 4,92(3) x 10-6 °C-1, α[010]= 32,08(2) x 10-6 °C-1 and α[001]= 39,60(6) x 10-6 °C-1. The thermal expansion results have shown an anisotropic expansion. The analysis shown that the transitions are due to loss of structural water and the difference in thermal stability can be attributed to factors such as: high number of hydrogen bonds in the LHHCl crystal, more stable bonds due the higher electronegativity and smaller atomic radius compared chloride for bromide atom inside the unit cell. / Neste trabalho, cristais de L-Histidina hidrobromídrica monohidratada (C6H12N3O3Br) (LHHBr) e L-Histidina hidroclorídrica monohidratada (C6H12N3O3Cl) (LHHCl) foram estudados por Termogravimetria (TGA), Análise Térmica Diferencial (DTA), Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), Difração de raios-X (DRX) e Espectroscopia Raman variando-se a temperatura como parâmetro termodinâmico. Os experimentos de análise térmica (TGA, DTA e DSC) foram realizados entre 30 e 500 °C, enquanto que os experimentos de DRX foram realizados entre 30 e 190 °C devido ao ponto de fusão das amostras. Dos experimentos realizados, observou-se que a LHHBr é estável até 100 °C e sofre uma transição estrutural entre 110 e 130 °C, enquanto que a LHHCl é estável até 130 °C e sofre uma transição estrutural entre 135 e 150 °C. Através do método Le Bail foi possível determinar a estrutura das amostras após a transição de fase (ortorrômbica-monoclínica) em função da temperatura. Os parâmetros de rede da nova fase foram determinados sendo para a LHHBr a= 12,159(1) Å, b= 16,755(2) Å, c= 19,278(9) Å, β= 108,49(6)° e para LHHCl a= 10,775(6) Å, b= 15,340(9) Å, c= 21,699(6) Å, β= 102,20(3)°. Através das medidas de DRX em função da temperatura também foi possível determinar o coeficiente de dilatação para a fase ortorrômbica. O coeficiente de dilatação obtido para a LHHBr nos eixos cristalográficos foram: α[100]= 6,41(5) x 10-6 °C-1, α[010]= 28,7(6) x 10-6 °C-1 e α[001]= 52,2(9) x 10-6 °C-1. Para a LHHCl o coeficiente de dilatação obtido para a fase ortorrômbica nos eixos cristalográficos foram: α[100]= 4,92(3) x 10-6 °C-1, α[010]= 32,08(2) x 10-6 °C-1 e α[001]= 39,60(6) x 10-6 °C-1. Os resultados de expansão térmica obtidos evidenciam uma dilatação anisotrópica. As análises mostraram que as transições são atribuídas à perda de água estrutural e a diferença na estabilidade térmica deve-se aos seguintes fatores: maior número de ligações de hidrogênio na amostra de LHHCl, ligações mais estáveis devido à maior eletronegatividade e menor raio atômico do átomo de cloro em comparação ao átomo de bromo no interior da célula unitária.

This thesis deals with the estimation of plant-atmosphere trace gas exchange and isotopic discrimination from atmospheric concentration measurements. Two space scales were investigated: canopy and regional. The canopy-scale study combined a Lagrangian model of turbulent dispersal with ecophysiological principles to infer vertical profiles of fluxes of CO2, H2O and heat as well as carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination during CO2 assimilation, from concentration measurements within a forest. The regional-scale model used a convective boundary layer budget approach to infer average regional isotopic discrimination and fluxes of CO2 and sensible and latent heat from the evolution during the day of boundary layer height and mean concentrations of CO2 and H2O, temperature and carbon and oxygen isotope composition of CO2. For the canopy study, concentrations of five scalar quantities, CO2, 13CO2, C18O16O, H2O and temperature, were measured at up to nine heights within and above a mixed fir and spruce forest in central Siberia over several days just after snow melt in May 2000. Eddy covariance measurements of CO2, H2O and heat fluxes were made above the canopy over the same period, providing independent verification of the model flux estimates. Photosynthesis, transpiration, heat exchange and isotope discrimination during CO2 assimilation were modelled for sun and shade leaves throughout the canopy through a combination of inversion of the concentration data and principles of biochemistry, plant physiology and energy balance. In contrast to the more usual inverse modelling concept where fluxes are inferred directly from concentrations, in this study the inversion was used to predict unknown parameters within a process-based model of leaf gas and energy exchange. Parameters relating to photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance, radiation penetration and turbulence structure were optimised by the inversion to provide the best fit of modelled to measured concentration profiles of the five scalars. Model results showed that carbon isotope discrimination, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration were depressed due to the low temperatures experienced during snow melt, oxygen isotope discrimination was positive and consistent with other estimates, radiation penetrated further than simple theoretical predictions because of leaf clumping and penumbra, the turbulence coherence was lower than expected and stability effects were important in the morning and evening. For the regional study, five flights were undertaken over two days in and above the convective boundary layer above a heterogeneous pine forest and bog region in central Siberia. Vertical profiles of CO2 and H2O concentrations, temperature and pressure were obtained during each flight. Air flask samples were taken at various heights for carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis of CO2. Two budget methods were used to estimate regional surface fluxes of CO2 and plant isotopic discrimination against 13CO2 and C18O16O, with the first method also used to infer regional sensible and latent heat fluxes. Flux estimates were compared to ground-based eddy covariance measurements. Model results showed that afternoon estimates for carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination were close to those expected from source water isotopic measurements and theory of isotope discrimination. Estimates for oxygen isotope discrimination for the morning period were considerably different and could be explained by contrasting influences of the two different ecosystem types and non-steady state evaporative enrichment of leaf water.

CO, volatile organic compounds, and polyaromatics areubiquitous air pollutants that give rise to deleterious healthand environmental effects. Such compounds are emitted, forinstance, by the combustion of wood, particularly fromsmall-scale heating appliances. Total catalytic oxidation isconsidered to be an effective approach in controlling theseemissions, however, some problems remain such as thenon-availability of catalysts with low-cost, high activity andstability in prevailing conditions. Hence, this thesis aims atthe development of oxidation catalysts and improvedunderstanding of their behaviour. The catalytic activity was evaluated for the oxidation of amixture of CO, naphthalene (or ethylene), and methane inpresence of carbon dioxide, water, oxygen and nitrogen. Variouscharacterisation techniques, including Temperature-ProgrammedReduction and Oxidation, BET-Surface Area Analysis, X-RayDiffraction, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, RamanSpectroscopy and Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopywere used. In the first part of this thesis, catalysts based on metaloxides (MnOx, CuO) and/or a low amount of noble metals (Pt, Pd)supported on alumina washcoat were selected. It was shown thatPt and Pd possessed a superior catalytic activity to that ofCuO and MnOxfor the oxidation of CO, C10H8and C2H4, while for the oxidation of CH4, CuO was largely more active than noble metals,and MnOxas active as Pd and Pt. Some mixed metaloxide-noble metal catalysts showed decreased activity comparedto that of noble metals, however, a higher noble metal loadingor a successive impregnation with noble metals led to positivesynergetic effects for oxidation. Deactivation of the catalysts by thermal damage and sulphurpoisoning is addressed in the second part of the dissertation.An alumina washcoat was found to be well anchored to themetallic support after thermal treatment at 900°C due tothe growth of alumina whiskers. The sintering of the washcoatwas accelerated after high temperature treatments in thepresence of metal catalysts. In addition, alumina was found toreact with CuO, particularly in presence of noble metals at900°C, to form inactive CuAl2O4. However, MnOxcatalyst benefits from the more active Mn3O4phase at high temperature, which makes it asuitable active catalyst for the difficult oxidation of CH4. Pt sintering was delayed when mixed with CuO,thus giving more thermally resistant catalyst. The mixed metaloxide-noble metal catalysts showed higher activity afterpre-sulphation of the catalysts with 1000 ppm SO2in air at 600°C or during activitymeasurement in presence of 20 ppm SO2in the gas mixture, compared to single componentcatalysts. In some cases, the activities of the mixed catalystswere promoted by pre-sulphation due to the presence of sulphatespecies. Thermal stabilisation of the catalytic componentsand thealumina by promotion of La in the washcoat is discussed in thethird section. The stabilising effect of La at high temperatureis also compared to that of Ce added in the catalysts for otherpurposes. Due to its better dispersion, La contributed to thethermal stabilisation of the alumina washcoat and its activecomponents to a higher extent than Ce did. La provided a betterdispersion and a higher saturation of metal oxides in thealumina support, and at the same time stabilised the activityof the catalysts by preventing undesirable solid-phasereactions between metal oxide and alumina. In addition, La wasfound to enhance the dispersion and the oxygen mobility of CeO2. Cu-Ce interactions were found to promotesubstantially the CO oxidation due to an increase of thestability and reducibility of Cu species. Synergetic effectswere also found between Ce and La in the washcoat of CuO-Ptcatalyst, which facilitated the formation of reduced Pt and CeO2, thus enhancing significantly the catalyticactivity compared to that of a Pt only catalyst. The last part was an attempt to demonstrate the potential ofa catalyst equipped with a pre-heating device in a full-scalewood-fired boiler for minimising the high emissions during thestart-up phase. During the first ten minutes of the burningcycle a significant reduction of CO and hydrocarbons wereachieved. <b>Keywords</b>: wood combustion, catalysts, total oxidation,manganese, copper, platinum, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, CO,VOC, methane, deactivation, thermal stability, sulphurdioxide.

The present study was aimed at exploring the purification and modification of montmorillonite rich Turkish bentonites by organic salts and their subsequent effects on the morphology (X-diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy), melt flow index, mechanical (Tensile, Impact) and especially thermal stability (thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry) properties of polymer/organoclay nanocomposites with and without an elastomeric compatibilizer. The bentonite clay mined from Resadiye (Tokat/Turkey) was purified by sedimentation, resulting in higher cation exchange capacity and thermal stability in comparison to unpurified clay, and then used in the synthesis of six thermally stable organoclays by replacing the interlayer inorganic sodium cations with two (alkyl, aryl) phosphonium and four di-(alkyl, aryl) imidazolium surfactant cations in an attempt to overcome the problem of early decomposition of alkyl ammonium organoclays usually used in polymer nanocomposites. An optimum amount of these organoclays (wt %2) was then used in the production of Polyamide 66 and Poly(ethylene terephthalate) based nanocomposites by melt blending with the help of an optimum amount of elastomeric compatibilizer (wt %5) which also acted as impact modifier. Phosphonium organoclays were used in the production of nanocomposites for both polymers, whereas imidazolium organoclays were used with PET only. The importance of clay purification was revealed in the removal of non-clay minerals available in the raw bentonite clay as confirmed by XRF and XRD, the significant increase in cation exchange capacity and the improved thermal stability of the purified clays as proven by TGA. The interlayer spacing of the phosphonium organoclays ranged from 1.78 to 2.52 nm indicating arrangement between pseudo-trilayers and paraffin-type chains, while the interlayer spacing of imidazolium organoclays ranged between 1.35 nm and 1.45 nm indicating a monolayer arrangement. The effects of chemical structure (chain type), counter ion and alkyl chain length on the thermal stability of the imidazolium salts were investigated. TGA analysis showed that the thermal stability of (alkyl, aryl) phosphonium and di-(alkyl, aryl) imidazolium organoclays proved to be superior to conventionally used quaternary alkyl ammonium organoclays. Not only the thermal stability of the organoclays prevented the nanocomposite from early decomposition, but these organoclays also improved the onset decomposition temperatures of PA66 and PET nanocomposites compared to the pure polymer owing to the dominant barrier effect of the silicate layers as a result of the formation of carbonaceous-silicate char. The reinforcement of PA66 with surface modified phosphonium organoclays and PET with surface modified phosphonium and imidazolium organoclays enhanced the mechanical and thermal properties of the binary and ternary nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were in good agreement with DSC analysis for all the PA66 and PET compositions. The presence of elastomer and organoclays promoted the nucleation process in PA66 blend, binary and ternary nanocomposites. However, the presence of elastomer and organoclay retarded the nucleation in most of the PET composites.

An alkyl-containing self-assembled monolayer is grafted on the silicon surface by a nature process in solutions. The alkyl thin film was used as the lubricant for the silica interface, usually applied to the MEMS or NENS domains. The ability of reducing friction for silica device at room temperature was improved, but little was known as the thin films existed at higher temperature during device was working or operating. In this study, we used Hexyltrichlorosilane (C6), Dodecyltrichlorosilane (C12), and Octadecyltrichlorosilane (C18) molecules to form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on silicon, and these monolayers exhibited different molecular packing properties due to different interactions between the molecules. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the short chain-length (C6) molecules exhibited poor packing on the surface at room temperature, and that the molecular packing of C6 was thermally stable up to 500 K. But the C12 and C18 monolayers exhibited abrupt blue shifts in FTIR at temperatures between 300 and 575 K, with stable packing observed over several temperature ranges. Furthermore, water contact angle measurements showed the C6, C12, and C18 molecular films changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic as the sample temperature was increased. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed that pits had formed in the C18 monolayer after the temperature was increased to 460 K, which were caused by the molecular reorganization of C18 on the surface. This resulted in an abrupt change in the friction coefficient for the C18 monolayer at 460K as compared to the short C6 and C12 monolayers. However, the friction coefficients for all the SAM films still increased with temperature. Understanding the temperature-dependent behavior of SAM film molecules will assist in the design of better anti-wear monolayers to improve performance and increase lifetimes in modern MEMS and NEMS devices.

<p>CO, volatile organic compounds, and polyaromatics areubiquitous air pollutants that give rise to deleterious healthand environmental effects. Such compounds are emitted, forinstance, by the combustion of wood, particularly fromsmall-scale heating appliances. Total catalytic oxidation isconsidered to be an effective approach in controlling theseemissions, however, some problems remain such as thenon-availability of catalysts with low-cost, high activity andstability in prevailing conditions. Hence, this thesis aims atthe development of oxidation catalysts and improvedunderstanding of their behaviour.</p><p>The catalytic activity was evaluated for the oxidation of amixture of CO, naphthalene (or ethylene), and methane inpresence of carbon dioxide, water, oxygen and nitrogen. Variouscharacterisation techniques, including Temperature-ProgrammedReduction and Oxidation, BET-Surface Area Analysis, X-RayDiffraction, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, RamanSpectroscopy and Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopywere used.</p><p>In the first part of this thesis, catalysts based on metaloxides (MnO_x, CuO) and/or a low amount of noble metals (Pt, Pd)supported on alumina washcoat were selected. It was shown thatPt and Pd possessed a superior catalytic activity to that ofCuO and MnO_xfor the oxidation of CO, C₁₀H₈and C₂H₄, while for the oxidation of CH₄, CuO was largely more active than noble metals,and MnO_xas active as Pd and Pt. Some mixed metaloxide-noble metal catalysts showed decreased activity comparedto that of noble metals, however, a higher noble metal loadingor a successive impregnation with noble metals led to positivesynergetic effects for oxidation.</p><p>Deactivation of the catalysts by thermal damage and sulphurpoisoning is addressed in the second part of the dissertation.An alumina washcoat was found to be well anchored to themetallic support after thermal treatment at 900°C due tothe growth of alumina whiskers. The sintering of the washcoatwas accelerated after high temperature treatments in thepresence of metal catalysts. In addition, alumina was found toreact with CuO, particularly in presence of noble metals at900°C, to form inactive CuAl₂O₄. However, MnO_xcatalyst benefits from the more active Mn₃O₄phase at high temperature, which makes it asuitable active catalyst for the difficult oxidation of CH₄. Pt sintering was delayed when mixed with CuO,thus giving more thermally resistant catalyst. The mixed metaloxide-noble metal catalysts showed higher activity afterpre-sulphation of the catalysts with 1000 ppm SO₂in air at 600°C or during activitymeasurement in presence of 20 ppm SO₂in the gas mixture, compared to single componentcatalysts. In some cases, the activities of the mixed catalystswere promoted by pre-sulphation due to the presence of sulphatespecies.</p><p>Thermal stabilisation of the catalytic componentsand thealumina by promotion of La in the washcoat is discussed in thethird section. The stabilising effect of La at high temperatureis also compared to that of Ce added in the catalysts for otherpurposes. Due to its better dispersion, La contributed to thethermal stabilisation of the alumina washcoat and its activecomponents to a higher extent than Ce did. La provided a betterdispersion and a higher saturation of metal oxides in thealumina support, and at the same time stabilised the activityof the catalysts by preventing undesirable solid-phasereactions between metal oxide and alumina. In addition, La wasfound to enhance the dispersion and the oxygen mobility of CeO₂. Cu-Ce interactions were found to promotesubstantially the CO oxidation due to an increase of thestability and reducibility of Cu species. Synergetic effectswere also found between Ce and La in the washcoat of CuO-Ptcatalyst, which facilitated the formation of reduced Pt and CeO₂, thus enhancing significantly the catalyticactivity compared to that of a Pt only catalyst.</p><p>The last part was an attempt to demonstrate the potential ofa catalyst equipped with a pre-heating device in a full-scalewood-fired boiler for minimising the high emissions during thestart-up phase. During the first ten minutes of the burningcycle a significant reduction of CO and hydrocarbons wereachieved.</p><p><b>Keywords</b>: wood combustion, catalysts, total oxidation,manganese, copper, platinum, palladium, lanthanum, cerium, CO,VOC, methane, deactivation, thermal stability, sulphurdioxide.</p>

The continuous scaling of microelectronic devices requires high permittivity (high-k) dielectrics to replace SiO₂ as the gate material. HfO₂ is one of the most promising candidates but the crystallization temperature of amorphous HfO₂ is too low to withstand the fabrication process. To enhance the film thermal stability, HfO₂ is deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD), and incorporated with various amorphizers, such as La₂O₃, Al₂O₃, and Ta₂O₅. The incorporation is achieved by growing multiple ALD layers of HfO₂ and one ALD layer of MO[subscript x] (M = La, Al, and Ta) alternately (denoted as [xHf + 1M]), and the incorporation concentration can be effectively controlled by the HfO₂-to-MO[subscript x] ALD cycle ratio (the x value). The crystallization temperature of 10 nm HfO₂ increases from 500 °C to 900 °C for 10 nm [xHf + 1M] film, where x = 3, 3, and 1 for M = La, Al, and Ta, respectively. The incorporation of La₂O₃, and Ta₂O₅ will not compromise the dielectric constant of the film because of the high-k nature of La₂O₃, and Ta₂O₅. Angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) reveals that when the HfO₂-to-MO[scubscript x] ALD cycle ratio is large enough (x > 3 and 4 for La and Al, respectively), periodic structures exist in films grown by this method, which are comprised of repeated M-free HfO₂ ultrathin layers sandwiched between HfM[subscript x]O[scubscript y] layers. Generally, the film thermal stability increases with thinner overall thickness, higher incorporation concentration, and stronger amorphizing capability of the incorporated elements. When the x value is low, the films are more like homogeneous films, with thermal stabilities determined by the film thickness and the amorphizer. When the x value is large enough, the periodically-repeated structure may add an extra factor to stabilize the amorphous phase. For the same incorporation concentration, films with an appropriately high periodicity may have an increased thermal stability. The manner by which the periodic structure and incorporated element affect thermal stability is explored and resolved using nanolaminates comprised of alternating layers of [scubscript y]HfO₂ and [xHf + 1M] × n, where y varied from 2 to 20, x varied from 1 to 2, and n varied from 4 to 22. / text

Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) are membrane bound receptors found in the nervous system. They are responsible for detecting neurotransmitters released from neurons and subsequently mediating responses of the cells on which they are found. Thus, pLGICs play an invaluable role in communication between cells of the nervous system and understanding their function is pivotal to understanding how the nervous system works in general. One factor which is known to mediate pLGIC function is lipids found in the membrane environment in which pLGICs are embedded. This dissertation explores the various ways in which lipids interact with and modulate the function of pLGIC. Potential mechanisms and biological consequences of this modulation will be presented and discussed within the context of our current state of knowledge of pLGIC and nervous system function.

The chloride/proton antiporter ClC-5 is primarily expressed in the kidney where it aids in re-absorption of proteins from the glomerular filtrate. Functional disruption of ClC-5 causes Dent’s Disease – a renal condition characterized by proteinuria and kidney failure in a third of all cases. The majority of disease-causing mutations translate into premature truncations of the carboxy-terminal (Ct) region of ClC-5 and are predicted to disrupt the protein-protein interactions mediated by this domain. In this thesis, direct ATP binding to the two cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domains of ClC-5 was demonstrated. ATP binding enhanced the global compactness of the ClC-5 Ct region likely through a clamping motion of the CBS domains around the nucleotide. Along with ATP, the sodium proton exchange regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) also binds ClC-5; however, the molecular mechanism behind this interaction was unknown as ClC-5 lacked the PDZ binding motif traditionally localized at the Ct end of bait proteins. Here, we also identified a class I PDZ binding motif (657-660; TSII) within the internal sequence of ClC-5. Despite the buried position of this motif in the Ct peptide’s X-ray crystal structure (PDB: 2J9L), the high propensity of this region for dynamic flexibility prompted us to test whether it could mediate NHERF2 interactions. In support of this hypothesis, we demonstrated that the motif is transiently available to interact directly with NHERF2 in vivo and to enable an enhancement in receptor-mediated endocytosis in mammalian cells. Collectively, these results gave further evidence that the intracellular Ct region of ClC-5 serves as a hub to mediate interactions essential for its maturation, stability, and trafficking in renal epithelium, as well as providing further insights into the molecular basis of Dent’s Disease.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T15:00:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2663427 bytes, checksum: 32fe62098d052c5ec88062947422c2d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Shape memory alloys have been object of diverse studies due to a vast fan of possible applications, such as: medical applications (materials for applications in dentistry and orthopedics), sensor (thermostats) and thermal-mechanics actuators (connections of tubes). The objectives of this work were the elaboration and characterization of Cu-Al shape memory alloys which contend beryl and titanium in the following percentages: Cu-11,8Al- XBe-0,3Ti (X = 0,5; 0,6 and 0.7% weight); and to analyze the viability of the thermomechanical process in these alloys. The influence of the variables about chemical composition, quench hardening, thermal cycling and the thermomechanical treatment in the transformation temperatures were investigated. It was possible to verify that the addition of small amounts of Be alters the matrix composition and, consequently, the transformation temperatures. For its time, Ti forms precipitated with amounts of copper and aluminum that inhibit the growth of the grain in the thermomechanical process. The alloys were cycled themically in a range among the temperature below of Mf and above of Af reaching stable values being evidenced a great thermal stability. The microstructural evolution before and after the thermomechanical process, the transformation temperatures and the thermal stability were characterized by the thermal analysis (DSC and DTA), scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Under low speeds of cooling, the alloys show a decomposition of the β phase with formation of the γ2 and α phases, whereas in the fast cooling, the β phase passes to β1 without the presence of the other phases. With the increase of the percentile of Be, the γ2 phase increases and it maintains precipitated together in the matrix with rich particles of second phase in titanium. However, after ix lamination and temper, the γ2 phase is not presented anymore staying the dispersed particles of second phase in the matrix. / As ligas com efeito memória de forma têm sido objeto de diversos estudos, devido a um vasto leque de aplicações possíveis, tais como: médicas (materiais para aplicações em odontologia e ortopedia), sensores (termostatos) e atuadores termomecânicos (conexões de tubos). Os objetivos deste trabalho foi a elaboração e caracterização de ligas com memória de forma do sistema Cu-Al contendo berílio e titânio nos seguintes percentuais: Cu- 11,8Al-XBe-0,3Ti (X = 0,5; 0,6 e 0,7 %peso). Forma estudados os efeitos das variáveis de processamento nas propriedades microestruturais e na estabilidade térmica. Além disso, foram investigadas a influência das variáveis composição química, meio de têmpera, ciclagem térmica e o tratamento termomecânico nas temperaturas de transformação. Foi possível constatar que a adição de pequenos teores de Be altera a composição da matriz e, consequentemente, as temperaturas de transformação. O Ti por sua vez, forma precipitados com teores de cobre e alumínio que inibem o crescimento do grão no processo termomecânico. As ligas foram cicladas termicamente numa faixa entre a temperatura abaixo da transformação final da martensita e acima da transformação final da austenita, atingindo valores estáveis, ficando evidenciada uma ótima estabilidade térmica. A evolução microestrutural antes e depois do processo termomecânico, as temperaturas de transformação e a estabilidade térmica foram caracterizadas pelas analises térmicas (calorimetria exploratória diferencial e análise térmica diferencial), microscopia eletrônica de varredura e difração de raios-X. Sob baixas velocidades de resfriamento as ligas mostram uma decomposição da fase β CCC com formação das fases γ2 e α CFC, enquanto que no resfriamento rápido a fase β passa para β1 sem a presença das demais fases. Com o aumento do percentual de Be a fase γ2 aumenta e se mantém precipitada na matriz vii juntamente com partículas de segunda fase ricas em titânio. No entanto, após laminação e têmpera, a fase γ2 não mais se apresenta permanecendo as partículas de segunda fase dispersas na matriz.