Due to erupting conflict within the European region, State officials and newspaper outlets have spoken about the ever-decreasing safety of the Swedish nation in several aspects with the digital threat being one of the forthcoming concerns. To be able to act in a proportional manner and safeguard our digitalized society we first need to gauge the digital threat landscape and uncover how much the situation has changed with the coming of this conflict. We created a wide set of questions based on the published works of academia and grey literature that are related to Cybersecurity and the digital threat landscape. We used this information to interview IT personnel that work in cybersecurity to get a perspective on how the situation looks like for the people at the forefront of this propagated threat. The interviews uncovered that the situation had indeed changed and for the worse. A more digitalized society and advancing technology combined with the existence of skillful hackers result in more frequent and sophisticated attacks. The IT personnel tasked with safeguarding their networks are very aware of this and provide some insight on how they perceive the digital threat landscape in this investigation.

With computers, mobile phones and other smart devices being an increasingly part of peoples lives. It is important now, more than ever that people know how to operate them safely and stay protected in the cyber landscape. For citizens to understand how to stay protected online, it is important to understand what to stay safe from. This thesis is therefore examining the cyber threat landscape to understand what threats pose the greatest threat to users. To understand the prerequisites people have in defending themselves, the thesis also examines and evaluates what are recommendations provided to the general public. The results show that the biggest threat is malware with phishing being the usual access vector for it. Recommendations seem to fall behind in reflecting the most prevalent threats, but manage to stay relevant nonetheless.

COVID-19 pandemic was one of the most devastating events that happened in the 21st century. It created a lot of changes both socially and economically. For example, a lot of employees had to be laid off due to financial reasons. Also, a considerable amount of organisations had to employ working from home culture or hybrid work culture that are still in effect. All these changes have affected the device threat landscape as well. There were new vulnerabilities that surfaced due to working from home. For example, employees had to work in unmonitored networks. On top of that there were changes in attack trends as well. The ransom attacks became more destructive after COVID-19 pandemic.  This study analyzed the effects of the change in threat landscape on the organization’s device security culture. A literature review was conducted to define the changes in the threat landscape through changes in vulnerabilities and changes in attack trends after the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the literature review, it was observed that working from home culture created a lot of vulnerabilities for the organisations that adopted it. Also, it was noticed  that there were changes in ransomware and phishing trends. To observe the possible effects of those changes to the organisation’s device security culture, a case study was conducted on a Swedish organisation that underwent numerous transformations after the COVID-19 pandemic. The data for the case study was collected through interviews with various participants with different roles in the organisation. The results from the literature review regarding the changes in the device threat landscape helped formulate the interview questions. The case study showed that even though the changes in the threat landscape had affected the organisation’s security culture, other factors, such as the organization's goals and experiences, played a big part in the change of the organization’s device security culture.