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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) are one of the most abundantly utilized nanomaterials in the world. Studies have demonstrated the mechanism of acute toxicity in TiO2-NP to be the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidative stress and mortality in exposed organisms. It has also been demonstrated that the anatase crystalline conformation is capable of catalyzing the cleavage of water molecules to further increase the concentration of ROS in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. This photoenhanced toxicity significantly lowers the toxicity threshold of TiO2-NP to environmentally relevant concentrations (ppb). The goal of this study was to determine whether dietary uptake and accumulation of TiO2-NP in the aquatic filter feeder Daphnia magna resulted in photoenhanced toxicity. D. magna and S. caprincornatum were exposed to aqueous solutions of 20ppm and 200ppm TiO2-NP for 24hrs and then transferred to clean moderately hard water. Samples were taken at various time points, dried, and TiO2 quantified using ICP-MS. Toxicity assays were run on D. magna using three TiO2-NP (20ppm, 200ppm) exposure protocols and two ultraviolet radiation treatments. The first exposure group was exposed to aqueous solutions of TiO2-NP for the duration of the test. The second exposure group was exposed to TiO2-NP for an hour and then transferred to clean water. The third exposure group was fed S. capricornatum that had been allowed to adsorb TiO2-NP. All samples were then placed in an outdoor UV exposure system and exposed to either full spectrum sunlight (with UV) or filtered sunlight (no UV). Here we show that TiO2 uptake peaked at one hour of exposure likely due to sedimentation of the particles out of suspension, thus decreasing bioavailability for the duration of the test. Interetsingly, when D. magna were moved to clean water, aqueous concentrations of TiO2 increase as a result of depuration from the gut tract. Data also suggests these excreted particles were bioavailable and re-consumed by D. magna. These data will contribute to the understanding of TiO2-NP environmental fate and toxicity.

Anglo Research is due to commission a novel pilot plant for the manufacturing of titanium metal from ilmenite ore. The process requires the use of hydrofluoric acid, a very toxic chemical, in large volumes. A health and environmental study and legislative requirements of the process were thus required before commencing with the plant design. Metallurgical processes have resulted in some degree of environmental impact, from water, air and soil pollution. A prominent example is acid mine drainage, which pollutes ground water. It is therefore important to ensure that proper steps are taken in minimising or mitigating negative environmental effects when developing new process routes. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is classified as extremely toxic. This acid is very aggressive physiologically because of the fluoride ion which penetrates the skin and robs the bone tissue of calcium. Because of the hazardous nature of HF, the following legislations were reviewed: o Hazardous Substances Act 15 of 1973 o Occupational Health & Safety Act of 1993 o National Road Traffic Act 93 of 1996: Chapter VIII o National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 o Environmental Conservation Act 73 of 1989 HF has been used in many other industrial applications including manufacturing of fluorocarbons and other chemicals, aluminium manufacturing, petroleum alkylation and uranium purification. Steps should be taken to minimise exposure to hydrofluoric acid in areas where there is a likelihood of worker exposure. Control measures include, but are not limited to, elimination/substitution and process modification, isolation, engineering controls, administrative controls, and use of personal protective equipment and hazard communication. HF is corrosive to most metals and materials of construction suitable for HF include fluoropolymers and other metal alloys such as nickel based alloy 400. Every design aspect of the plant must be done in a way that minimises the environmental and worker exposure to HF. Once safety of the plant design has been extensively reviewed, the pilot plant can then be built. The success of this campaign will be based not only on the achievement of process and product specification, but also on whether it was run without any incidents.

Several research efforts have been directed towards in-situ fabrication of titanium matrix composites (TMCs) from Ti and B4C powder mixtures as one of the ways to improve the physical and mechanical properties of titanium and its alloys. In this perspective, the present study reports the development of in-situ particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites from TiH2-B4C and Ti-B6O powder mixtures The relationship between densification and microstructure and mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness) of pure Ti and in-situ reinforced titanium matrix composites have been studied in detail using pressureless and hot-pressing techniques. Titanium hydride powder was compacted into cylindrical pellets that were used to produce pure Ti through dehydrogenation and pressureless sintering technique. Various composition of TiH2-B4C powder mixtures were initially milled using alumina balls in a planetary mill. The milling was to achieve homogeneous mixing and distribution of the ceramic partially in the TiH2 powder, as well as uniform distribution of reinforcing phases on the resulting Ti matrix. Dehydrogenation and conversion of loose powder and compacts of TiH2 powder was carried out in argon atmosphere and complete removal of hydrogen was achieved at 680 and 715oC for loose and compacted powder respectively. Pressureless sintering of pure Ti from TiH2 was carried out between 750-1400oC, while pressureless sintering and hot pressing of TiH2-B4C was carried out in the temperature range1100-1400oC using 30MPa for hot pressed samples in argon atmosphere. Different sintering times were considered. The microstructure and phase composition of the sintered and hot-pressed materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Densities of the sintered and hotpressed materials were measured to determine the extent of densification, while Vickers hardness and indentation fracture toughness were used to measure the mechanical properties of the sintered and hot-pressed materials. Pure Ti from TiH2 showed higher densification of above 99% of theoretical density compared to literature where lower densification and swelling was observed. Its Vickers hardness is higher than that of commercial Ti sintered under the same conditions. Titanium matrix composites (TMCs) with different volume content of in-situ formed reinforcements (TiB + TiC) were successfully produced. The amount of reinforcements formed increases with increased amount of B4C used in the starting powder mixtures, while the amount of needle-type TiB decrease and size and amount of blocky-type TiB increase with increasing volume fraction of TiB. Dense materials and improved Vickers hardness were achieved by the hot-pressed composites especially at 1400oC compared to the pressureless sintered composites under the same conditions and to the relevant literature. TMCs produced in this study show higher Vickers hardness compared to available data in the literature. The hardness was found to depend on the volume content of the reinforcing phases. However, the fracture toughness obtained is low (5.3MPa.m1/2) in comparison to pure Ti but is comparable with reported data in the literature. The mechanisms leading to the achievement of improved densification and higher hardness and the reasons for lower fracture toughness with different sintering temperature and composition of reinforcements in the composites are critically analysed. It has been shown that pure Ti can be pressureless sintered using TiH2 and reinforced Ti matrix composites with improved densification and mechanical properties can be produced from TiH2-B4C powder mixtures. Further work on the comprehensive study of the mechanical properties of these composites would enhance the industrial potential of using these materials and the processing route to produce economically feasible titanium matrix composites

Li, Chuanhao. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Koo Kai Ming = 具有黑色及灰色外貌的Ti-C, Ti-O和Ti-Zr-O裝飾硬膜之研究 / 古啓明. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / Koo Kai Ming = Ju you hei se ji hui se wai mao de Ti-C, Ti-O he Ti-Zr-O zhuang shi ying mo zhi yan jiu / Gu Qiming. / Acknowledgements --- p.I / Abstract --- p.II / 論文摘要 --- p.IV / Table of Contents --- p.VI / List of Figures --- p.IX / List of Tables --- p.XIII / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- Introduction --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Overview and objectives --- p.1 -1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Criteria for decorative coatings --- p.1 -2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Color appearance --- p.1 -2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Corrosion resistance --- p.1 -7 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Tribological properties --- p.1-7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Coating techniques --- p.1 -8 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Plasma activated e-beam evaporation --- p.1 -8 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Cathodic arc deposition (CAD) --- p.1-10 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) --- p.1-10 / Reference --- p.1-16 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- Instrumentation --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1 --- Film fabrication --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Deposition system --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Optical emission control in reactive sputtering --- p.2-3 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Asymmetric bipolar pulsed DC biasing --- p.2-5 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Two/Three axis rotation system --- p.2-5 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Substrate --- p.2-8 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- Deposition procedure --- p.2-9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Characterization --- p.2-10 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Thickness --- p.2-10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Structural information --- p.2-11 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Chemical compositions and chemical state of the film elements --- p.2-11 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Amorphous carbon phase structure --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Surface morphology --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Reflection in the visible light range --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Color impression --- p.2-15 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Film mechanical properties --- p.2-19 / Chapter 2.2.9 --- Scratch resistance (Adhesion) measurement --- p.2-19 / Reference --- p.2-21 / Chapter CHAPTER3 E --- ngineering black decorative coatings with the Ti - C family by reactive ion plating --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.2 --- Experiment --- p.3-2 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Variations in color appearance --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Nanoindentation hardness --- p.3-10 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Scratch resistance --- p.3-14 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Composition and microstructure --- p.3-17 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Amorphous carbon structure --- p.3-22 / Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusions --- p.3-31 / Reference / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- Study on the colorimetric/optical properties of nonstoichiometric Ti - O thin films --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2 --- Experiment --- p.4-2 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results and discussions --- p.4-4 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Variations in color appearance --- p.4-4 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Nanoindentation hardness --- p.4-9 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Composition and microstructure --- p.4-13 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusions --- p.4-29 / References --- p.4-30 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- Doping the nonstoichiometric Ti - O coatings with zirconium --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiment --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.3 --- Results and discussions --- p.5-4 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Reflectivity and hardness --- p.5-4 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Composition and microstructure --- p.5-7 / Chapter 5.4 --- "Comparison of the optical properties for Ti-C, Ti-O and Ti-Zr-0" --- p.5-14 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Black color --- p.5-14 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Grey color --- p.5-14 / Chapter 5.5 --- Conclusions --- p.5-20 / References / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- Conclusion --- p.6-1 / Chapter 6.1 --- Future works --- p.6-2

Cheng, Kai Hong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-141). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xix / Chapter iii. --- Table of Contents / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Semiconductor spintronics --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Historical background --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Their importance and significance --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Material systems showing room temperature ferromagnetism --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cobalt (iron)-doped titanium dioxide as DMS --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Structures and properties of titanium dioxide --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Various preparation techniques of cobalt (iron)-doped titanium dioxide --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- This thesis --- p.13 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Sample Preparation and Characterization Techniques --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1 --- Sample preparation --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- RF magnetron sputtering --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- MEVVA ion implantation --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Sample preparation conditions --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2 --- Characterization techniques --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Structural characterization --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- X-ray diffraction (XRD) --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1.3 --- X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.1.4 --- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- p.31 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Temperature varying resistivity measurements --- p.35 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Samples --- p.40 / Chapter 3.1 --- RBS results --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2 --- XRD results --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3 --- XPS results --- p.47 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.51 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Characterization of Cobalt-implanted Titanium Dioxide Sample --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1 --- Cobalt dose dependence --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- RBS results --- p.53 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- XRD results --- p.65 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- VSM results --- p.69 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Temperature varying resistivity measurements --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2 --- Effects of annealing temperature --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- RBS results --- p.77 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- XRD results --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- XPS results --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- TEM results --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- VSM results --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Temperature varying resistivity measurements --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3 --- Summary --- p.99 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Characterization of Iron-implanted Titanium Dioxide Samples --- p.101 / Chapter 5.1 --- Iron dose dependence --- p.101 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- RBS results --- p.101 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- XRD results --- p.107 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- VSM results --- p.110 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Temperature varying resistivity measurements --- p.114 / Chapter 5.2 --- Effects of annealing temperature --- p.116 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- RBS results --- p.116 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- XRD results --- p.117 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- VSM results --- p.119 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Temperature varying resistivity measurements --- p.121 / Chapter 5.3 --- Summary --- p.122 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion and future work --- p.125 / Appendices --- p.127 / Bibliography --- p.134 / Publications --- p.141 / Chapter iv. --- List of Figures / Fig. 1.1 Crystal structures for two most stable polymorphs of TiO2: (a) anatase; and (b) rutile --- p.9 / Fig. 2.1 Schematic of RF sputtering system --- p.15 / Fig. 2.2 Motion of electrons emitted for the target surface (a) in the applied magnetic field (-z direction); (b) in the applied electric field (-y direction) and magnetic field (-z direction) --- p.16 / Fig. 2.3 Schematic of the implanter with the MEVVA ion source --- p.17 / Fig. 2.4 The TRIM ion distribution profile of Co atoms in anatase TiO2 by implantation to a Co dose of 2.2 x 1016 cm-2 at an extraction voltage of 65 kV --- p.21

In addition, through a simple post-thermal treatment of TiO2 thin films on glass with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the thin films showed enhancement in the photocatalytic decomposition of acetone in air. XPS, FTIR and PL results revealed that the TFA complex bound on the surface of TiO 2 acted as an electron scavenger, and thus reduced the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes. / Part I. TiO2 films on stainless steel prepared by dip coating in a nonionic microemulsion solution were investigated. These thin films have been shown to have much higher photocatalytic activity than films on glass substrates. XPS showed that Fe3+ and Fe 2+ ions, which were diffused from stainless steel substrate into TiO 2 films during high temperature calcination, behaved as dopants to significantly affect its photocatalytic activity of the films. The TiO2 films also exhibited excellent photo-induced hydrophilicity and antibacterial effect on the sterilization of Bacillus pumilus. / Part II. New approaches have been developed for the fabrication of visible light photocatalysts. MoS2 and WS2 were coupled to TiO2 by an in situ photo-reduction deposition method, taking advantage of the reducing power of TiO2 particles. The synthesis of CdSe sensitized TiO2 using an ultrasound-driven approach was also reported. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and 4-chlorophenol was employed to evaluate their visible light photocatalytic activity. The small band gap semiconductors acting as photo-sensitizers not only extended the spectral response of TiO2 to the visible region but also improved their photocatalytic efficiency. The blue shift in the absorption onset confirmed the size-quantization of photosensitizers, which altered the conduction and valence band levels in the coupled semiconductor systems making it possible to utilize visible light in photocatalysis. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / Two important aspects of the TiO2 photocatalysis were studied in this thesis. The first part reports on the improvement of photocatalytic performance of TiO2 films through approaches such as post-thermal treatment, surface modification and metal doping. The second part describes the fabrication of visible light TiO2 photocatalyts by means of coupling with small band gap semiconductor photo-sensitizers and non-metal doping. / Ho Wing-kei. / "May 2005." / Adviser: Jimmy C. Yu. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: B, page: 0294. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Ding, Zhimin = 遺態二氧化鈦的製備和表徵及其在光催化中的性能分析 / 丁志敏. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Ding, Zhimin = Yi tai er yang hua tai de zhi bei he biao zheng ji qi zai guang cui hua zhong de xing neng fen xi / Ding Zhimin. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / 摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgement --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Figures --- p.ix / List of Tables --- p.xiii / Chapter Chpater 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Titanium dioxide --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Lattice structure --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Phase transition --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Energy band structure --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Band structure of titanium dioxide --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Quantum size effect --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Principle of photocatalysis --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Improvement of the TiO2 photocatalyst --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.5.1 --- Noble metal deposition --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.5.2 --- Coiq)led semiconductor --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.5.3 --- Ion doping --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2 --- Biomorphic materials --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cotton template --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Composition of cotton --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Cotton structure --- p.15 / Chapter 1.4 --- Methyl orange --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives and thesis layout --- p.18 / References --- p.19 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Methodology and Instrumentation --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1 --- Sample preparation --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Template and precursors --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Synthesis of the Ti02-TTIP samples --- p.28 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Methodology --- p.28 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Fabrication procedures --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Synthesis of the TiO2-TALH samples --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.3.1 --- Methodology --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.3.2 --- Fabrication procedures --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2 --- Characterization --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Scanning electron microscope (SEM) --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Transmission electron microscope (TEM) --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Raman spectroscopy (RS) --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- X-ray diffractometry (XRD) --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Differential thermal analysis (DTA) --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3 --- Photocatalytic performance --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Lambert-Beer's law --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- "Verification of Beer,s Law" --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Photocatalytic evaluation procedures --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Glass beaker --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Quartz vessel --- p.40 / References --- p.41 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results of Characterizations --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1 --- Characterization of Ti02-TTIP --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Effect of calcination temperature on the samples --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.1.1 --- DTA and TGA results --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.1 --- Pure cotton --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1.1.1.2 --- Sol-infiltrated cotton --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.1.2 --- XRD results --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.1.3 --- Raman spectra results --- p.51 / Chapter 3.1.1.4 --- SEM results --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.2.5 --- TEM results --- p.58 / Chapter 3.1.1.6 --- UV-visible absorption spectra --- p.60 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Effect of calcination duration on the properties of samples --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.2.1 --- XRD results --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1.2.2 --- Raman spectra results --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2 --- Characterization ofTiO2 -TALH --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- DTA and TGA results --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- XRD results --- p.69 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Raman spectra results --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- SEM results --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- TFM rpcnltc --- p.76 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- UV-visible absorption spectra --- p.78 / References --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Photocatalytic Performance --- p.81 / Chapter 4.1 --- Verification of Beer's Law --- p.81 / Chapter 4.2 --- Photocatalytic results --- p.82 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- MO solution contained by glass beaker --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- MO solution contained by quartz vessel --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Photocatalytic performance of TiO2-TALH sample prepared at 600°C --- p.90 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discussions --- p.92 / References --- p.94 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusions and Future Works --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusions --- p.95 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future works --- p.98 / References --- p.99