The purpose of this study was to determine if the VTSF elementary school compendium programs are effective in the prevention of youth tobacco use based on evaluations provided by the VTSF. In the years (2003-2005), tobacco use trends among middle and high school students in Virginia started moving upward despite the fact that the Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation (VTSF) spent nearly $16 million in 2004 and approximately $11 million in 2005 for marketing, programs, enforcement, research and evaluation. This study is primarily a review of evaluations and not individual people or groups of people. The study reviewed the final evaluations of the various programs of the compendium in the 2005-2006 VTSF grant cycle. Only elementary programs (Pre-K – 5 and in some systems 6) were reviewed. The VTSF provides a variety of evaluation formats ranging from short, descriptive outcomes to quasi-experimental statistical analysis. Information was extracted from the evaluations to answer the primary research question: Do the elementary school compendium programs prevent tobacco use among Virginia's youth? Two additional questions were answered: 1) Does the current program evaluation process provide useful information to determine if the programs are effective in tobacco use prevention? and 2) Are community or school-based programs more effective? The following conclusions were drawn from this comparative program analysis: 1) Based on this current data approach to evaluating the elementary compendium programs, we cannot determine if the programs are effective in preventing youth tobacco use. However, based on the review of literature combined with these finding it is logical to conclude that the programs may not be preventing tobacco use in their intended population. 2) The evaluation process and the information included in the evaluations on an elementary level are not effective in providing information regarding tobacco use or future tobacco use. 3) School programs are more efficient and reach more students than community-based programs. There is no indication in terms of tobacco goals that one setting is better than another. The following recommendations were suggested: 1)Transition funding for compendium programs involving pre-initiation age students to late elementary, middle, and high school. 2) Concentrate funding for community-based programs on at-risk students. 3) Require school systems that apply for funds to offer programs on all levels: late elementary, middle, and high school, 4) Only those programs that directly address tobacco or tobacco and other drugs should be on the compendium list, 5) Streamline the evaluation process and make it consistent for all schools for comparative purposes, 6) Provide curriculum for all 4th-12th grade health and PE teachers rather than compendium programs as a separate unit, 7) Fund the development and implementation of curriculum that integrates tobacco prevention objectives into all school curriculum grades 4-12, 8) Explore ways to reach parents, 9) Focus more initiatives on teen tobacco cessation. / Ph. D.

Introdução: Os prejuízos causados, aos fumantes e não fumantes, pelo efeito dos componentes presentes no tabaco aparecem unânimes nos discursos de pesquisadores de todo o mundo. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) afirma que o tabagismo é a maior causa isolada evitável de doença e de morte. No cenário mundial, os Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento do Milênio propõem aos países a inclusão do controle do tabagismo como importante aspecto de desenvolvimento social. No Brasil o tabagismo é apontado como sendo o 2º fator mais importante de risco de óbito com 200 mil mortes anuais. Estudos científicos confirmam que 90% dos fumantes adquirem o vício na adolescência. Por ser a escola local de permanência constante do jovem nesta faixa etária, para ampliar o olhar sobre uma ação educativa pode estar o professor propiciando reflexões sobre o hábito de fumar em seu ambiente de trabalho. Objetivo: O presente trabalho pretende construir os Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo que expressam as representações sociais de professores, frente à implantação de programas de controle do tabagismo nas escolas. A partir destes discursos, busca propor ações que poderão servir de apoio à proposta educativa de controle do tabagismo desenvolvida no ambiente escolar. Metodologia: A metodologia empregada, com base qualiquantitativa, esteve apoiada na técnica de análise dos depoimentos e montagem dos Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo, proposta inicialmente por Lefèvre e colaboradores (2000). Resultados: Os depoimentos de 39 professores pertencentes a duas escolas públicas estaduais do município de São Paulo permitiram a compreensão das representações sociais desse público alvo pesquisado. As idéias centrais obtidas a partir da aplicação do questionário revelaram que, entre as funções delegadas aos professores pela sociedade e poder público, 90% dos profissionais desta pesquisa expressaram aceitação em trabalhar com o tema nas escolas. Para os professores, os projetos sobre tabagismo na escola requerem atitudes inovadoras, além de estarem apoiados em materiais e profissionais especializados. Conclusão: Para que este profissional encontre espaço para adotar esta prática é necessária a sensibilização do poder público oferecendo melhores condições de trabalho e remuneração aos docentes, de tal forma que permita sua participação em grupos de reflexão e implementação do controle do tabagismo no ambiente escolar. O fortalecimento da Educação, permitindo que o público freqüente nas escolas se conscientize dos prejuízos causados pelo cigarro, promoverá e implementará medidas destacadas no Artigo 12 da Convenção Quadro para o Controle do Tabagismo isto é, promover amplo acesso a programas eficazes e integrais de educação e conscientização do público sobre os riscos que acarretam à saúde, o consumo e a exposição do tabaco, incluídas suas propriedades aditivas / Introduction: The damage caused to both smoker and non-smoker by the effects of tobaccos compounds seems to be unanimous on the researchers speeches all over the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) claims tobacco is the most intense evitable cause of disease and death, therefore the health promotion can contribute as a new paradigm about health-disease issues in society. In World scenario, the Millennium Development Goals propose to the countries the inclusion of tobacco control as an important social development aspect. In Brazil tobacco is the second most important factor the risk of death totalizing 200 thousand deaths per year, just standing behind the hypertension. Scientific studies confirm that 90% of the smokers get addicted in adolescence. Due to the fact of school to be the most constant place where people this age spend time, professors have to promote reflections about the habit of smoking inside their work environment. The concerning on recognizing this professionals speeches as a way of reaching the tobacco theme in school offers an initial step for dealing with prevent programs implementation and getting school aware about the actions of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control. Objectives: The present proposal works with the Collective Subject Speeches which express the professors social representations, related to the tobacco control programs implementation in schools. Using these speeches as a beginning, this work proposes ideas to serve as a support on educative actions developed inside the school. Methodology: The quantitative and qualitative methodology was supported by statement analytical techniques and the use of Collective Subject Speeches, first established by Lefèvre et al. (2000).Results: The 39 São Paulo public high school professors statement allowed the common sense comprehension. The main ideas, obtained throughout the applications of the questionnaire revealed that among the professors functions, which are settled by society and public power, 90% of the professionals who have participated of this research accept to work with this theme inside the schools. Concerning professors, working with tobacco projects in schools requires innovative attitudes besides being supported by appropriated materials and professionals. Conclusion: In order to find a good way for adopting these techniques the professional has to be sensitive to the public power and offer them better conditions of work and salary, in a way to have free time to participate of support groups and implement the tobacco control inside the schools. The enhancement of educational, communicational and the inside school public awareness will promote and implement issues contained on the 12a Framework Convention for Tobacco Control Article, as it says, Promoting wide access to efficient programs and educational centers and public awareness about the problems related to the consumption and exposition to tobacco, including addictives properties

Introdução: Os prejuízos causados, aos fumantes e não fumantes, pelo efeito dos componentes presentes no tabaco aparecem unânimes nos discursos de pesquisadores de todo o mundo. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) afirma que o tabagismo é a maior causa isolada evitável de doença e de morte. No cenário mundial, os Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento do Milênio propõem aos países a inclusão do controle do tabagismo como importante aspecto de desenvolvimento social. No Brasil o tabagismo é apontado como sendo o 2º fator mais importante de risco de óbito com 200 mil mortes anuais. Estudos científicos confirmam que 90% dos fumantes adquirem o vício na adolescência. Por ser a escola local de permanência constante do jovem nesta faixa etária, para ampliar o olhar sobre uma ação educativa pode estar o professor propiciando reflexões sobre o hábito de fumar em seu ambiente de trabalho. Objetivo: O presente trabalho pretende construir os Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo que expressam as representações sociais de professores, frente à implantação de programas de controle do tabagismo nas escolas. A partir destes discursos, busca propor ações que poderão servir de apoio à proposta educativa de controle do tabagismo desenvolvida no ambiente escolar. Metodologia: A metodologia empregada, com base qualiquantitativa, esteve apoiada na técnica de análise dos depoimentos e montagem dos Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo, proposta inicialmente por Lefèvre e colaboradores (2000). Resultados: Os depoimentos de 39 professores pertencentes a duas escolas públicas estaduais do município de São Paulo permitiram a compreensão das representações sociais desse público alvo pesquisado. As idéias centrais obtidas a partir da aplicação do questionário revelaram que, entre as funções delegadas aos professores pela sociedade e poder público, 90% dos profissionais desta pesquisa expressaram aceitação em trabalhar com o tema nas escolas. Para os professores, os projetos sobre tabagismo na escola requerem atitudes inovadoras, além de estarem apoiados em materiais e profissionais especializados. Conclusão: Para que este profissional encontre espaço para adotar esta prática é necessária a sensibilização do poder público oferecendo melhores condições de trabalho e remuneração aos docentes, de tal forma que permita sua participação em grupos de reflexão e implementação do controle do tabagismo no ambiente escolar. O fortalecimento da Educação, permitindo que o público freqüente nas escolas se conscientize dos prejuízos causados pelo cigarro, promoverá e implementará medidas destacadas no Artigo 12 da Convenção Quadro para o Controle do Tabagismo isto é, promover amplo acesso a programas eficazes e integrais de educação e conscientização do público sobre os riscos que acarretam à saúde, o consumo e a exposição do tabaco, incluídas suas propriedades aditivas / Introduction: The damage caused to both smoker and non-smoker by the effects of tobaccos compounds seems to be unanimous on the researchers speeches all over the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) claims tobacco is the most intense evitable cause of disease and death, therefore the health promotion can contribute as a new paradigm about health-disease issues in society. In World scenario, the Millennium Development Goals propose to the countries the inclusion of tobacco control as an important social development aspect. In Brazil tobacco is the second most important factor the risk of death totalizing 200 thousand deaths per year, just standing behind the hypertension. Scientific studies confirm that 90% of the smokers get addicted in adolescence. Due to the fact of school to be the most constant place where people this age spend time, professors have to promote reflections about the habit of smoking inside their work environment. The concerning on recognizing this professionals speeches as a way of reaching the tobacco theme in school offers an initial step for dealing with prevent programs implementation and getting school aware about the actions of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control. Objectives: The present proposal works with the Collective Subject Speeches which express the professors social representations, related to the tobacco control programs implementation in schools. Using these speeches as a beginning, this work proposes ideas to serve as a support on educative actions developed inside the school. Methodology: The quantitative and qualitative methodology was supported by statement analytical techniques and the use of Collective Subject Speeches, first established by Lefèvre et al. (2000).Results: The 39 São Paulo public high school professors statement allowed the common sense comprehension. The main ideas, obtained throughout the applications of the questionnaire revealed that among the professors functions, which are settled by society and public power, 90% of the professionals who have participated of this research accept to work with this theme inside the schools. Concerning professors, working with tobacco projects in schools requires innovative attitudes besides being supported by appropriated materials and professionals. Conclusion: In order to find a good way for adopting these techniques the professional has to be sensitive to the public power and offer them better conditions of work and salary, in a way to have free time to participate of support groups and implement the tobacco control inside the schools. The enhancement of educational, communicational and the inside school public awareness will promote and implement issues contained on the 12a Framework Convention for Tobacco Control Article, as it says, Promoting wide access to efficient programs and educational centers and public awareness about the problems related to the consumption and exposition to tobacco, including addictives properties