This thesis deals with simulation vehicle models for lateral control. It surveys step by step to models of tire, truck and control. At the end are showed influences of model parameters to vehicles dynamics.

The subject of this thesis is to design an electric scooter targeted at innovative approach to the design of the technical, aesthetic , ergonomic and ecological requirements . The main objective is to devise a practical design and shape characteristic of the machine , which in itself will reflect the selected drive type . The scooter should be the ideal solution for the movement in urban centers, which will be practical with an attractive appearance of ecological vehicles . Its unusual solution to the problem of storage space in this category of motorcycle , scooter would have become a good alternative to conventional means of transport with a combustion engine

Hållbara transporter är en viktig faktor för att minska koldioxidutsläppen och bidra till en mer hållbar framtid. Den svenska järnvägen är en viktig del av infrastrukturen och transporterar dagligen hundratusentals människor och stora mängder varor. Transportsektorn förbrukar nu cirka en tredjedel av den totala energin i världen. Därför är det allt viktigare för alla transportslag, inklusive järnvägstransporter, att förbättra sin energieffektivitet och minska sina CO2-utsläpp. För att bidra till en hållbar utveckling av järnvägstransporter krävs smartare och mer innovativa lösningar än vad som finns tillgängligt idag. Denna rapport är kopplad till ett studentprojekt på KTH som syftar till att i framtiden ställa upp i tävlingen Delsbo Electric. Tävlingen går ut på att konstruera ett spårgående batteridrivet fordon med så låg energiförbrukning som möjligt. Syftet med tävlingen är bland annat att stimulera innovation inom området transportlösningar. Hjulprofilen hos ett spårfordon har stor inverkan på dess körbeteende och påverkar hjulslitage, stabilitet och kontaktspänningar. I detta arbete studeras hjulprofilen hos tåg genom en förstudie av nuvarande forskning följt av ett antal datasimuleringar i programmet Simpack. Data från simuleringarna jämförs mellan de olika hjulprofilerna och med standarder för tågindustrin. Fordonets säkerhet och komfort påverkas av hjulprofilen och dess konicitet. I rapporten jämförs olika grad konicitets inverkan på dessa genom industristandarder. Resultatet presenteras i grafer och tabeller med data från simuleringarna. Sju grader konicitet gav bäst resultat i simuleringarna för både säkerhet och komfort. / Sustainable transportation is an important factor in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and contributing to a more sustainable future. The Swedish railway is an important part of the infrastructure and transports hundreds of thousands of people and large quantities of goods every day. The transport sector today consumes about a third of the total energy in the world. Therefore, it is increasingly important for all modes of transport, including rail transport, to improve their energy efficiency and reduce their CO2 emissions. To contribute to the sustainable development of rail transport, smarter and more innovative solutions are required than what is available today. This report is connected to a student project at KTH which aims to enter the Delsbo Electric competition in the future. The purpose of the competition is to construct a track-going battery-powered vehicle with as low energy consumption as possible. The purpose of the competition is, among other things, to stimulate innovation in the field of transport solutions. The wheel profile of a tracked vehicle has a major impact on its driving behavior and affects wheel wear, stability and contact stresses. In this work, the wheel profile of trains is studied through a preliminary study of current research followed by several computer simulations in the program Simpack. The data from the simulations are compared between the different wheel profiles and with standards for the train industry. The safety and comfort of the vehicle is affected by the wheel profile and its conicity. The report compares the impact of different degrees of conicity on these through industry standards. The result is presented through graphs and tables with the data from the simulations. Seven degrees of conicity gave the best results in the simulations for both safety and comfort.

This paper deals with simulation models of the human operator controlling lateral position of simulated vehicle. I am comparing parameters and quality of the McRuer human driver model and the PID controller. Simulated system is single-track vehicle model. Simulated driver is tasked to pass a Moose test with this vehicle model. I am using the simulated annealing method to find optimal parameters of the driver model and then I visualize realized test in 2D and 3D visualization. In the end of this paper I compare simulations of the driver models and assess achieved results.