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Th. doct.-ing.--Phys. des mater.--Nancy--I.N.P.L., 1980.

Thèse de doctorat : sciences. Matériaux polymères et composites : Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon : 2002. / 99 réf.

Thèse de doctorat : Mécanique et matériaux : Paris, ENSAM : 2005. / Alliages à mémoire de forme : modélisation et calcul des structures. Bibliogr. p.153-157.

Thèse doctorat : sciences. Matériaux polymères et composites : Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon : 2002. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. 99 réf.

Thèse doctorat : Génie des Matériaux : Villeurbanne, INSA : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. [155]-161.

Thèse doctorat : Mécanique : Villeurbanne, INSA : 2007. / Thèse rédigée en anglais. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 145-155.

Les Transformation Martensitiques (TM) sont des transitions du premier ordre entre des phases cristallines qui caractérisent une classe intéressante de matériaux intelligents, les Alliages à Mémoire de Forme (AMF). Ces alliages métalliques furent découverts dans les années 1930 environ. Ils sont surtout intéressants car ils combinent deux effets particuliers : l'effet de mémoire de forme et la pseudo-élasticité. L'effet mémoire de forme consiste à mémoriser une configuration particulière et la retrouver après des cycles thermiques ou mécaniques. La Pseudo-Elasticité consiste à rejoindre des niveaux de déformation très grands qui sont, en général, plus typiques du caoutchouc que des métaux. Dans cette thèse, nous avons traité la caractérisation des transformations martensitiques en analysant des points de vue différents. La compréhension du fonctionnement des AMFs est fondamentale pour plusieurs types d'applications industrielles. Elle constitue encore un domaine de recherche très ouvert. (...) / This thesis deals with the characterization of Martensitic Transformations (MT) that are first order phase transitions among different solid states with different crystalline structures. These transitions are at the basis of the behavior of a class of smart materials, called Shape Memory Alloys (SMA). This work combines an experimental study of a mechanically-induced martensitic transformation in a Cu-Al-Be single crystal and a macroscopic model for the reproduction of permanent effects in cyclic temperature-induced and stress-induced transitions. From the experimental point of view, the novelties are in the device that has been built and used for the test and in the full-field measurement technique at the basis of the data treatment. The especially designed gravity-based device allows for a uni-axial and uni-directional tensile test with slow loading rates. Simultaneously, the full-field measurement technique, known as grid method, provides high-resolution two-dimensional strain maps during all the transformation. With all the data collected during the test, we characterize for the first time the two-dimensional strain intermittency in a number of ways, showing heavy-tailed distributions for the strain avalanching over almost six decades of magnitude. In parallel, we develop a macroscopic mathematical model for the description of fatigue and permanent effects in several kinds of martensitic transformations. We show an easy way to calibrate the model parameters in the simple one-dimensional case. Moreover, we compare the numerical results with experimental data for different tests and specimens and obtain a good qualitative agreement.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-06T20:54:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GEORGE CARLOS DOS SANTOS ANSELMO - TESE PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 19735821 bytes, checksum: c92e61b342c27548f43bd01d30640a96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-06T20:54:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GEORGE CARLOS DOS SANTOS ANSELMO - TESE PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 19735821 bytes, checksum: c92e61b342c27548f43bd01d30640a96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Ligas com efeito de memória de forma possuem grande potencial para aplicações nos setores da robótica, automotivo, aeronáutico, medicina e na produção de atuadores miniaturizados. O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar e desenvolver materiais com efeito de memória de forma (Shape Memory Effect - SME) das ligas Ti-Ni-Cu na forma de fitas micrométricas produzidos por meio de Melt Spinning. A metodologia utilizada para produção das ligas Ti-Ni-Cu foi via fusão a plasma (Plasma Skull Push-Pull), e para fabricação de fitas utilizou-se a técnica de solidificação rápida por injeção de metal líquido em volante de cobre nas velocidades de 38 e 50 m/s, logos após as ligas e fitas Ti-Ni-Cu foram caracterizadas por: DSC, SMRT, DRX, MEV. Inicialmente barras prismáticas da liga Ti-Ni50-x-Cux (x=3,4,5,6,7%at.Cu) foram produzidas via fusão a plasma. Por meio solidificação rápida obteve-se fitas com espessuras de 30 a 45 µm com a variação da velocidade do volante de cobre de 38 e 50 m/s no Melt Spinning. Ensaios de DRX revelam à presença da fase B19’ nas ligas brutas de fusão a temperatura ambiente. As ligas apresentaram transformações de fase em único estágio B2↔B19`. As temperaturas de transformação As das ligas Ti-Ni-Cu decrescem com o incremento de Cu. Concluise que as temperaturas de transformação martensíticas (Ms) de fitas Ti-Ni-Cu decrescem com a diminuição do tamanho de grão, e os valores de histerese e entalpia decrescem quando altas taxas de super-resfriamento são alcançadas no Melt Spinnig. / Alloys with shape memory effect have immense potential for applications in robotics, automotive and aeronautics industry, medicine and in the production of miniaturized actuators. The aim of this study was to investigate, develop and manufacture materials with shape memory effect of Ti-Cu-Ni alloys in the form of micrometer tapes produced by Melt Spinning. The methodology used for the production of Ti-Cu-Ni alloys by fusion plasma (Plasma Skull Push-Pull), and manufacturing tapes used the technique of rapid solidification injection of liquid metal into the copper wheel speeds 38 and 50 m/s. alloy and Ti-Ni-Cu ribbons were characterization by: DSC, SMRT, XRD, SEM. Initially prismatic bars of Ti-Ni50-x-Cux (x = 3,4,5,6,7 at.Cu%) had been produced by plasma fusion. With the rapid solidification is obtained tapes with thicknesses between 30 to 45 µm with the variation of the speed of the wheel covers 38 and 50 m / s the melt spinning. XRD tests reveal the presence of the B19' in gross phase alloy melting temperature. The alloys showed phase transformations in single stage B2↔B19`. The transformation temperatures of the alloy Ti-Cu-Ni decrease with the increase of Cu. We conclude that the temperatures of martensitic transformation (Ms) of Ti-Ni-Cu ribbons decreases with decreasing grain size, and hysteresis values and enthalpy decreases when high rates of super-cooling are achieved in Melt Spinnig.