Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 83-86. / by Moses Hsingwen Ma. / M.S.

This study has been conducted to develop robust event detection and object tracking algorithms that can be implemented in real time video surveillance applications. The aim of the research has been to produce an automated video surveillance system that is able to detect and report potential security risks with minimum human intervention. Since the algorithms are designed to be implemented in real-life scenarios, they must be able to cope with strong illumination changes and occlusions. The thesis is divided into two major sections. The first section deals with event detection and edge based tracking while the second section describes colour measurement methods developed to track objects in crowded environments. The event detection methods presented in the thesis mainly focus on detection and tracking of objects that become stationary in the scene. Objects such as baggage left in public places or vehicles parked illegally can cause a serious security threat. A new pixel based classification technique has been developed to detect objects of this type in cluttered scenes. Once detected, edge based object descriptors are obtained and stored as templates for tracking purposes. The consistency of these descriptors is examined using an adaptive edge orientation based technique. Objects are tracked and alarm events are generated if the objects are found to be stationary in the scene after a certain period of time. To evaluate the full capabilities of the pixel based classification and adaptive edge orientation based tracking methods, the model is tested using several hours of real-life video surveillance scenarios recorded at different locations and time of day from our own and publically available databases (i-LIDS, PETS, MIT, ViSOR). The performance results demonstrate that the combination of pixel based classification and adaptive edge orientation based tracking gave over 95% success rate. The results obtained also yield better detection and tracking results when compared with the other available state of the art methods. In the second part of the thesis, colour based techniques are used to track objects in crowded video sequences in circumstances of severe occlusion. A novel Adaptive Sample Count Particle Filter (ASCPF) technique is presented that improves the performance of the standard Sample Importance Resampling Particle Filter by up to 80% in terms of computational cost. An appropriate particle range is obtained for each object and the concept of adaptive samples is introduced to keep the computational cost down. The objective is to keep the number of particles to a minimum and only to increase them up to the maximum, as and when required. Variable standard deviation values for state vector elements have been exploited to cope with heavy occlusion. The technique has been tested on different video surveillance scenarios with variable object motion, strong occlusion and change in object scale. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only tracks the object with comparable accuracy to existing particle filter techniques but is up to five times faster. Tracking objects in a multi camera environment is discussed in the final part of the thesis. The ASCPF technique is deployed within a multi-camera environment to track objects across different camera views. Such environments can pose difficult challenges such as changes in object scale and colour features as the objects move from one camera view to another. Variable standard deviation values of the ASCPF have been utilized in order to cope with sudden colour and scale changes. As the object moves from one scene to another, the number of particles, together with the spread value, is increased to a maximum to reduce any effects of scale and colour change. Promising results are obtained when the ASCPF technique is tested on live feeds from four different camera views. It was found that not only did the ASCPF method result in the successful tracking of the moving object across different views but also maintained the real time frame rate due to its reduced computational cost thus indicating that the method is a potential practical solution for multi camera tracking applications.

Thesis. 1978. M.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 52-53. / M.S.

Tan, Min. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Previous Work --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Motivation --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Contributions --- p.2 / Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Organization --- p.3 / Chapter 2 --- Linear Network Coding Basics --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- Formulation and Example --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Some Notations --- p.9 / Chapter 3 --- A Unified Framework --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- Generic Network Codes Revisited --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2 --- A Unified Framework --- p.24 / Chapter 3.3 --- Simplified Proofs --- p.29 / Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.33 / Bibliography --- p.35

Fong, Lik Hang Silas. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Linear Network Code --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Linear Network Code without Link Failures --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Linear Multicast and Linear Broadcast --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- Linear Network Code with Link Failures --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Static Linear Multicast and Static Linear Broadcast --- p.9 / Chapter 3 --- Variable-Rate Linear Network Coding --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1 --- Variable-Rate Linear Network Coding without Link Failures --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Problem Formulation --- p.11 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Algorithm and Analysis --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2 --- Variable-Rate Linear Network Coding with Link Failures --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Problem Formulation --- p.23 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Algorithm and Analysis --- p.23 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Maximum Broadcast Rate of Linear Network Code --- p.28 / Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.38 / Bibliography --- p.40

Bibliography : leaves 225-232. / xii, 232 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Computer Science, 1994

"October 10th, 2001." / Errata included. / Bibliography: p. 179-185. / xii, 185 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Looks at algorithms and architectures for implementing low-density parity-check codes to achieve reliable communication of digital data over an unreliable channel. Shows that published methods of finding LDPC codes do not result in good codes. Derives a cost metric for measuring short cycles in a graph due to an edge and proposes an algorithm for constructing codes through the minimisation of the cost metric. An encoding algorithm is derived by considering the parity check matrix as a set of linear simultaneous equations. A parallel architecture for implementing LDPC decoders is proposed and the advantages in terms of throughput and power reduction of this architecture are demonstrated through the implementation of 2 LSPC decoders in a 1.5V 0.16[mu]m CMOS process. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2002

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 29, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

<p>The growing energy demand has caused the interconnected power systems to operate close to their stability limit. As a consequence, poorly damped low-frequency oscillations are becoming a common phenomenon. Such oscillations weaken the system security and if not effectively damped can lead to widespread blackouts. A contemporary solution is the addition of Power System Stabilizers (PSSs) to generators. A relatively recent solution based on the advancements in high-power semiconductors is the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) technology meant for transmission locations. FACTS technology comprises of a multitude of FACTS devices among which the <i>Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC)</i> possesses a unique capability of providing both power flow and voltage control. Particularly, with a suitable transient control system the UPFC can satisfactorily mitigate power system oscillations.</p> <p>This thesis proposes an adaptive control scheme that supplements an existing Proportional-Integral (PI) UPFC control system in damping power system oscillations. PI control is a well-established theory and a commonly used industrial controller. However, its application in a power system that experiences continuously changing system conditions demands its frequent re-tuning. On the other hand, the proposed scheme is a Self Tuning (ST) controller that automatically adapts to the system changes and thereby provides an optimal control for a wide range of operating scenarios. The proposition of assisting the primary PI control action is unique in its approach since it retains the functionality of the existing PI controllers and also enhances the overall damping performance through an add-on ST control loop.</p> <p>The proposed novel ST scheme consists of a Constrained Recursive Least Squares (CRLS) identifier that tracks system parameters recursively and a self-tuning Pole Shift (PS) controller that works on the identified system model to generate a robust control output. Also, to effectively smoothen out the rapid variations of identified system parameters and consequent ringing of control output during large disturbances, the thesis specifies the replacement of the standard-RLS identifier with a "constrained" RLS (CRLS) identifier. The damping enhancement achieved by the proposed controller has been verified through time-domain simulations. The test results clearly depict that the proposed add-on scheme not only enhances the overall damping but is also robust with respect to power flow level, fault type and location. Its inherent flexibility and the positive test results suggest that with little modification, it can be easily applied to other FACTS devices currently incorporated in transmission networks.</p>

Franklin H. Moss and Adrian Segall. / Bibliography: p. 72. / "September 1978." / Supported by the Advanced Research Project Agency (monitored by ONR) under Contract no. N00014-75-C-1183 Technion Research and Development Foundation Ltd. no. 050-383