The diploma project focuses on lobbying and its regulation in both the Czech Republic and in selected developed countries. The introductory section contains a theoretical analysis of the definition of lobbying, the kinds of consequences, analysis of the draft law on lobbying in 2009 and a description of the regulation of lobbying in selected developed countries and the EU. In the second part area for lobbying in the legislative process is approached through a case study. The final section contains a questionnaire aimed at the general opinion of respondents on lobbying, especially views on lobbying terminology, methods of lobbying, as well as on regulation of lobbying in the Czech Republic and the EU. On this basis, some conclusions are formulated that may contribute to the development of the lobbying culture in the country.

The (Master's) Thesis deals with the process of awarding the grants to the municipalities. The main emphasis of the Thesis is put on the following questions: who (political representatives in particular committees, councils and local authorities, or clerks), under which standards and in what way decides about the funds distribution. The research will be made in chosen municipalities. There will be given certain standards that will serve as a base for the research analysis of the transparency of the process of awarding the grants. In the primary phase, the data will be collected by the means of standardized interview of particular municipal employees concerned with grant policy. The secondary phase of the research will be based on desk research method. The research will challenge the hypothesis that the grant programmes in municipalities are transparent. Among the analyzed variables, there are objectives of the grant, requirements for awarding of the grant, authors of the grants, people responsible for awarding of the grants, grant beneficiaries, the amount of contributions, supervision over funds distribution and release of the grants.

The aim of this thesis is an analysis of the development and changes in the relationship of political and economic independence and accountability of central banks on the example of CNB and FED. I use the method of comparative analysis of the qualitative characteristics of central banks. The theoretical and methodological part is focused on the historical evolution of central banking, as well as on the relationship between central bank independence and its accountability, credibility and transparency. The next section is devoted to analyzing the benefits and the risks of an independent status. The largest chapter deals with the ways of measuring the legal and the actual independence of central banks, the calculation of legal independence from the selected indices are applied to the CNB. Finally I make an evaluation of degree of independence of the CNB and FED and I try to explain what degree of independence and accountability is optimal.

The municipal budget is a very important document providing the public information on the management of the municipality. This thesis deals with the analysis of the transparency of municipal budgets. The aim is to analyse and compare the transparency of the budget documents in twenty selected cities. On the basis of the created questionnaire is evaluated by the accessibility and clarity of the budget documentation published on the websites of municipalities. In addition, the thesis contains recommendations that can contribute to the publication of the budget documents in the form accessible to the citizen without a specific accounting or economic knowledge. It was recommended, in particular, to describe in detail the individual budget items, to supplement the budgetary documents on the summary tables and charts, and attach the summary and comments to budget documents.

The subject matter of this paper is an analysis of the current system of political parties funding in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to critically assess the current legal regulation and to point out potential shortcomings and possibilities for improvement. At a time when public confidence in political parties is characterized by a systematic and long-term downward trend, it is a recent and widely discussed topic. We may well ask whether the legal regulation of this issue does not provide room for improvement and innovation. The extensive topic is structured into two areas - the question of financial resources and the question of control and transparency. The paper is composed of five chapters. Chapter one deals with the political parties in general and with the law of political parties, especially with constitutional aspects. The second chapter examines the financing of political parties, its basic principles, models and division. In brief, it covers also the development of funding. The subject of the third chapter is a detailed description of the funding of political parties in the Czech Republic. In the fourth chapter the thesis deals with control, transparency and enforcement, at both the general and the specific level, when Czech regulation is subject to scrutiny. Chapter Five is...

Diplomová práce pojednává o problematice corporate governance, a to v rovině obecné, aplikované na obchodní společnosti v České republice, v dalších částech v rovině konkrétní, aplikované na bankovní subjekty. Jádro práce je tvořeno 2 částmi - statí právní rámec corporate governance a statí společensko - etický rámec corporate governance. Cílem práce je shrnout všechny součásti problematiky a poskytnout ucelený náhled na jejich realizace v praxi.

The subject of my thesis is to compare the main current standards of transparent public budgets (IMF, OECD, OBI) in terms of overall view of fiscal transparency and in terms of content coverage through the analysis of relevant documents and the formulation of specific criteria. Another goal of this work is the analysis of transparency in the state budget revenues and evaluation whether disclosure of the income of the state budget itself meets the requirement of fiscal transparency by calculating the prediction accuracy of state budget revenues in the Czech Republic and comparing the standards of transparency. I found that approaches to transparency differ in their scope and structure. In terms of content all approaches correspond only in the middle of the criteria. Publication of data on the income of the state budget with respect to prediction accuracy achieved in the Czech Republic meets the basic requirement for transparency, but there is much room for its improvement, in an appropriate commentary published data.

The diploma thesis is focused on the problems of corruption in the Czech Republic, from the viewpoint of non-state non-profit organizations. The thesis provides a general overview of engaging organizations in the struggle against corruption, basic information on their position in the civil society, role in anticorruption activities and mainly their individual dissimilarities. The key part of this thesis analyses concrete corruption causes, monitors their impact on the society and at the same time it evaluates involvement and contribution of the organization to the result of the given cause. The final evaluation monitors efficiency of this activity from the viewpoint of reparation of the original status or in case of corruption revelation, it monitors determination and penalization of responsible people. It looks for reasons of unsuccessful interventions of non-profit organizations, compares individual procedures and specifics and interconnections of other activities of anticorruption organizations. It tries to suggest a possible way of efficiency measurement by the comparison of revenues and expenses on the given cause and evaluates the position of non-profit organizations in the struggle against corruption as compared to its own transparency.

This dissertation attempts to analyze the impact of transparency and credibility of central banks on financial markets. While the topic of central bank's transparency has been extensively elaborated in literature, the linkage between institutional framework and empirical characteristics of transparency and credibility have not been adequately described. The study aims to overcome this absence and try to quantify transparency and credibility of central banks, as well as to analyze the relationship between them and their effect on interest rates and inflation expectations. The analysis is performed for nine major central banks: the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Bank of Canada, the European Central Bank (ECB), the Bank of Japan, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand, the Sveriges Riksbank, the Swiss National Bank, the Bank of England, and the U.S. Federal Reserve, and three central and eastern European central banks--the National Bank of Poland, the Hungarian National Bank and the Czech National Bank (CNB). The transparency index, based on survey, is constructed for all twelve central banks mentioned above, while measures of transparency and credibility that are derived from financial market instruments are performed only for the ECB, Fed and the CNB. Finally, we analyze the impact of transparency and credibility of the CNB on interest rates and inflation expectations. The analysis shows that central bank transparency has improved substantially in the last decade. The most transparent central banks in our sample are the Sveriges Riksbank and the Czech National Bank, followed by the Bank of England. A range of communication channels that improve the transparency of monetary policy, however, have little impact on central bank credibility. It is primarily policy-makers' verbal comments, monetary policy implementation and clarity that affect the predictability of monetary policy and contribute most to increasing its credibility. Therefore, the main reason of low credibility is confusing communication, which cannot be eliminated even by maximum openness of the central bank. The additional study of the Czech National Bank showed that during the European debt crisis, greater credibility of the CNB reduced the uncertainty in financial market and contributed to efficient formation of private agents' inflation expectations. Moreover, the results of the analysis show that inflation expectations in the Czech Republic are formed rationally, i.e. they are based on the CNB inflation forecast rather than on the actual values of inflation.

The dissertation deals with placing of public procurements in the Czech Republic in compliance with the legal frame and analyses the process of placing of public procurements on the site of both contracting authorities and tenderers. The aim of the dissertation is to identify whether SMEs have equal status on the market of public procurements in the Czech Republic. Partial goals of the author are - identification of factors influencing public procurements from the perspective of effective expenditure of public funds by tenderers and impact of the effectiveness on the competitions intensity, and - identification of conditions for SMEs to participate in public procurements, barriers of entry and success in winning public procurements, and - analysis of choice of evaluation criteria used in public procurements and definitions of impact on SMEs success in the procurement based on particular option, and - comparison of legislation governing public procurements in the Czech Republic in the terms of Act No. 137/2006 Coll., on public procurements and Act No. 134/2016 Coll., on placing of public procurements and resulting recommendations for contracting authorities leading to strengthening participation and success of SMEs in public procurements Theoretical part deals with analysis of current status of public procurements in the Czech Republic and introduces basis for identification of main issues and possible solutions. The objectives are accomplished in several stages. First the author, followigh the analysis of factors influencing the procurement market, expresses the opinion that SMEs face many difficulties (natural and legislative) that complicate their active participation in public procurements, Within identification of factors influencing public procurements in the Czech Republic the author states that increase of number of submitted offers positively influences the tender price and refers to strong dependence between the tender price and assumed value of the public procurement, which may determine effectiveness of the procurement process. The dissertation further contains several recommendations for contracting authorities aiming to simplification of the procurement process and establishment of competitive environment favourable for SMEs participation in the public procurements. The dissertation concludes, based on the performed analysis, that the criterion of lowest tender price may, under certain circumstances, bring negative effects to SMEs due to lower economic stability in comparison with big entities. Within comparison of legal framework for public procurements in the Czech Republic the dissertartion concludes that new rules, implemented through EU directives bring benefites to all participans on the public procurements market.