Proefskrif--PU vir CHO

In this study the author reflects on the education which pupils receive at special schools in the Transvaal. The aim of the study has been to determine possible contributory factors to and problem areas in the present field of Special Education which might lead to special school pupils being disadvantaged in their later professional choices as adults. Following the completion of the study a number of recommendations are made which arose out of the study. In order to obtain a proper perspective on Special Education, the following aspects were investigated: education and professional maturity; special schools; the curriculum and professional options for special school pupils; and means of measurement. A questionnaire covering a number of important aspects of Special Education was sent to all the principals of special schools in the Transvaal. Upon receipt of the completed questionnaires they were analysed and interpreted. A Departmental Survey of special school pupils who left school in the course of 1982 was integrated with the results of the ' questionnaire in order to obtain a more comprehensive synthesis with regard to the education offered and the pupil's ultimate choice of profession and their employment opportunities. From the study it emerged that there are definitely certain weaknesses within the present situation in Special Education which inhibit these pupil's professional maturity and their ultimate employment prospects. Certain conclusions were reached and a number of recommendations were offered in order to make a contribution towards a possibly more favourable education of these pupils. / Thesis (MEd)--PU vir CHO, 1985

The Proterozoic Kruidfontein Volcanic Complex (KVC) is a collapsed carbonatitic caldera structure, preserved as a high-level feature within Transvaal Sequence sediments. An outer ring of hills contains silicate pyroclastic rocks composed of lithic and pumice fragments, crystals and recrystallized matrix. These rocks are the products of co-ignimbrite lithic breccias and partially welded ignimbrite flows. An inner caldera was filled with recrystallized carbonatitic bedded volcaniclastic rocks. Relic pyroclastic carbonate fragments, such as droplet and armoured lapilli, containing juvenile calcite laths, are present. Well preserved primary structure sequences indicate emplacement by pyroclastic flow, surge and air-fall. Together with some reworking and debris flow deposits. The volcanism spans from early eruption of phonolitic material, from ring vents associated with caldera collapse, to smaller volume carbonatitic eruptions, producing intracaldera deposits. The processes operating during emplacement of carbonatitic pyroclastic material are essentially the same as those of silicate tuffs. As well as numerous fragments of phonolitic pumice in the silicate tuffs, there are unusual banded fragments composed of alternating silicate and carbonate compositions which appear to have been originally magmas separated by liquid immiscibility. The fragments show replacement of Al by Fe, and have also been K-feldspathized. Sovite and alvikite carbonatite dykes show that variation between CaO, MgO and FeO is consistant with fractionation from sovite to Fe-rich alvikites. All the carbonatites are strongly enriched in REE. The alvikites are enriched in the incompatible elements La, Ce, Nd, Y, Th, compared with the sovites, but are depleted in Sr, P, Ti, because of early fractionation of Sr-rich calcite, apatite and Ti-Fe oxides. The alvikites also have more positive δ18O and less negative δl3C compositions compared with the sovites, with values trending away from "mantle" compositions. This interpretation is consistant with a carbonatite magma chamber beneath the KVC which fractionated to produce the carbonatites seen at the present day surface. The few, highly altered, KVC nephelinitic rocks have trace-element distributions suggesting that they are parental to the phonolites. Fractionation from nephelinites, to phonolites, to trachytes satisfactorilly accounts for the incompatible trace element distributions. Some of the rocks have suffered secondary alteration, but have retained their trace element signatures. Zr and Nd are residual, whilst crystal fractionation involving feldspar, magnetite, and apatite have depleted some rocks in P, REE, and Sr. The fractionation from phonolite to trachyte, which is the reverse of normally observed trends, is ascribed to increasingly high F contents in the fractionating KVC magma. Three types of fluorite mineralization are recognised at KVC: 1) Replacement and disseminated deposits, 2) Fluorite veins and fracture fillings, 3) Fluorite-rich carbonatite and related dykes. Only Type 1) deposits are of economic importance at Kruidfontein. Fluorite selectively replaces calcite rather than ankerite in the KVC rocks, with ankeritization preceeding and inhibiting fluorite mineralization. Shallow dipping ankeritic tuffs form the host rock for a large (Tilde with hyphen below 5xl06 tonnes) sub-economic horizontal stratiform fluorite orebody, emplaced after inward sag of the bedding.

Thesis (Ph.D.(History))--University of Pretoria, 2002. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references.

M.Sc. (Geology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

A unique assemblage of in situ microstromatolites, articulated intraclastic microstromatolites, and disarticulated stromatolites has been identified from drill cores of the 2.3 G.a. Transvaal Sequence, South Africa. These structures occur in organic-rich lenticular and nodular replacement black cherts which are associated with early diagenetic dolomite. Petrographic evidence indicates that the chert has formed via a primary carbonate and organic matrix--partial dolomitization--silicification paragenetic sequence; and that dolomitization and silicification were closely contemporaneous diagenetic events. Microstructures which resemble three dimensionally preserved microfossils are found in the majority of the silicified Transvaal cores. These fossil-like microstructures can be grouped broadly into three morphological types: (1) filaments, (2) ovoid or spheroidal forms, and (3) bacteria-like microstructures. Certain of the filamentous forms which are associated with pyrite mineral grains are clearly of abiological origin, and their formation can be explained in the context of sedimentary diagenesis and mineral paragenesis. The three dimensional association of the ovoid and bacteria-like microstructures to the microstromatolites is such as would be predicted from studies of modern cyanobacterial/microbial mat ecosystems. Hence, these microstructures are considered to be potential microfossils. The Transvaal microstromatolitic materials represent some of the smallest stromatolites yet described from either Proterozoic or Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks. Nearly all of the basic stromatolite growth forms (i.e. columnar, bulbous, nodular, and stratiform) are represented in the Transvaal assemblage. Thus, stromatolite diversity at the "basic growth form" level apparently did not evolve through geologic time. Physical and chemical environmental parameters probably controlled stromatolite morphogenesis only to the extent that they influenced the steady state balance of microstromatolite microbial communities. Indirect evidence suggests that the Transvaal microstromatolites grew via the precipitation of primary carbonate at some level within the structures and that a correlation exists between the degradation of primary producer organic carbon and the precipitation of a structurally supportive carbonate mineral matrix.

No description available.

An area and a point-based technique were used together at each of the same 75 sampling sites (stands), on a Sourish-Mixed Bushveld farm, to collect data for the classification and mapping of the vegetation. Both sets of data were synthesized using the same computer program package and the efficacy of the resulting classifications as well as the efficiency of the two field sampling techniques was compared. Following this, a continuous 7 752 point (1 m apart) transect was carried out, traversing the farm, in order to determine the optimum scales at which to sample Sourish-Mixed Bushveld so as to increase classification efficacy and improve community boundary recognition. The results indicated that (1) the arbitrarily chosen sampling scale of 1:8 000 was too large for "farm-scale" studies; (2) the area-based method proved to be satisfactory in that the classification and vegetation map produced with this method were verified spatially and environmentally; (3) the point-based method was deficient as a classificatory and mapping tool at large scales, since too few species were recorded with this method to make any sense of the classification and mapping of the vegetation was not possible; (4) less time per species was spent using the area-based method but because more species per stand were recorded with this method, the point-based method was quicker per stand; (5) the area-based method was easier to use in dense vegetation and irregular terrain; and (6) the optimum sampling scales for Sourish-Mixed Bushveld, as indicated by the synthesis of the continuous transect data, are about 1:12 000, 1:50 000 and 1:250 000. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1995.

M.Sc. (Geology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing) / With modern psychiatric treatment, patients usually come into contact with as many as six different team members. These team members have their own particular treatment plans for patients. This has prompted the question: "How do patients experience their treatment by the interprofessional health team?" The aims of this study are as follows: • To explore psychiatric patients' experiences of their treatment by the interprofessional health team in a particular private psychiatric clinic. • To set basic guidelines which will promote the optimisation of treatment of psychiatric patients by the interprofessional health team, in order to prevent the aggravation of mental illness, emphasising the contribution of the psychiatric nurse.