Background: Theory and research declares that family memberes engagement in adolescent treatment has positive impact on treatment outcomes. To get the famillies engaged is quite challenging for proffesionals in addiction treatment services. Motivation of individual members fluctuate a lot. The impact on treatment is due to the voluntarity of treatment or recomendation of a third side. Even dough engagement of legal representatives is declared condition of treatment in Regional Ambulance for Adddictions in Children and Youth, it is complicated to motivate them for cooperation. Aims: The aim of the thesis is to find out how the legal representatives percieve cooperation with outpatient services, if they percieve any obstacles in getting more involved and to find out, what is their view on adolescent's profit from treatment. Methods: For the research a qualitative approach was used in the form of semi- structured interview and interpretation of the data from client files and UniData program. Data collection took work during 05/18-11/18. For the data analysis the method of gestalts was used. Results: Thesis has shown that the main motivational element was some crisis of legal representatives, when they didn't know how to solve demanding situation. The main obstacles are the technical ones like...

This thesis investigates the acceptability and efficacy of a brief universal preventive parenting intervention for child behavioural and emotional difficulties. The methodology included a systematic review, a literature review, a pilot randomised controlled trial and focus group discussions. The systematic review aimed to show whether behavioural and emotional difficulties are a significant problem in Greece. Greek children appeared to display high scores on, and prevalence of behavioural problems, compared to children from other countries. The results suggested that, based on parental reports, Greece seems to have a high prevalence in child behavioural and emotional difficulties. The literature review explored the effectiveness of universally delivered Triple P preventive interventions and identified research gaps. There was also insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of brief universal Triple P programmes to draw any definitive conclusions. No randomised trial had examined the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the Triple P brief universal interventions (Seminar Series). The pilot randomised trial explored the efficacy of the Triple P Seminar Series for the reduction of child behavioural and emotional difficulties. 124 parents were randomly allocated to receive three seminars on positive parenting, while parents in the control group received information on child development. There was a significant reduction in behavioural problems over time (primary outcome), and a reduction in parenting dysfunctional difficulties in the short-term. Parents gave positive feedback on the intervention indicating that overall it was acceptable, feasible, culturally relevant, and useful. Preliminary moderator analyses indicated that there were no moderator variables affecting the relation between group allocation and change in child disruptive scores. Preliminary mediator analyses suggested that a reduction in dysfunctional practices partially explained improvements in children's disruptive behaviours over time. Lastly, 46 parents of the intervention group shared their personal experiences regarding the Seminar Series during six focus groups. The facilitators of positive parenting were relevant to what they did before, during, and after their practices, while barriers included child, parent and external factors. The final conclusions after triangulation and the implications of this thesis for practice and further research were discussed.

Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO) är en metod som rekommenderas av Socialstyrelsen (2020) som ett alternativ till institutionsvård för ungdomar med normbrytande beteende. Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka behandlingsfamiljsföräldrars upplevelse och erfarenheter av att använda metoden TFCO i behandling av ungdomars normbrytande beteende.  Studien baserades på fem kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med behandlingsfamiljer runt om i Sverige vilka har den gemensamma nämnaren att de alla är verksamma inom TFCO. Vi bearbetade vår insamlade empiri med tematisk analys och därefter analyserades materialet utifrån systemteoretisk utvecklingsekologi och social inlärningsteori. Studiens resultat visar att våra intervjupersoner uppskattade stödet från det professionella teamet vilket medförde att de inte kände sig ensamma kring beslut gällande ungdomen. Vidare uppskattades också den tydliga rollfördelningen inom teamet runt ungdomen vilket bland annat innebar att intervjupersonerna inte behövde ta några konflikter med ungdomen utan istället fokusera på att förstärka goda beteenden. Upplevelsen att arbeta manualbaserat hade både positiva och negativa aspekter. Positivt i form av tydlig struktur och tydligt uppsatta mål, negativt i form av flera intervjupersoners upplevelse av begränsning i det egna sociala livet. Gemensamt för samtliga intervjupersoner var att arbetet som behandlingsfamilj kändes meningsfullt och att strukturen i programmet bidrog till deras upplevelse av framgång för ungdomarna. / Treatment Foster Care Oregon (TFCO) is a method recommended by the National Board of Health and Welfare (2020) as an alternative to institutional care for young people with norm-breaking behavior. The purpose of this essay was to investigate the experience and knowledge of treatment family parents in using the TFCO method in the treatment of youth's norm-breaking behavior. The study was based on five qualitative semi-structured interviews with treatment families around Sweden who have the common denominator that they are all active within TFCO. We processed our collected empirical evidence with thematic analysis and then the material was analyzed based on systems theoretical developmental ecology and social learning theory. The results of the study show that our interviewees appreciated the support from the professional team, which meant that they did not feel alone about decisions regarding the youth. Furthermore, the clear distribution of roles within the team around the youth was also appreciated, which meant, among other things, that the interviewees did not have to take on any conflicts with the youth, but instead focus on reinforcing good behaviors. The experience of working manual-based had both positive and negative aspects. Positive in the form of a clear structure and clearly set goals, negative in the form of several interviewees' experience of limitation in their own social life. Common to all interviewees was that the work as a treatment family felt meaningful and that the structure of the program contributed to their experience of success for the young people.