京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23454号 / 理博第4748号 / 新制||理||1681(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)准教授 伊藤 喜宏, 准教授 宮澤 理稔, 教授 久家 慶子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Parkinson’s disease causes among other symptoms also writing disorder. Parkinson's dysgrafia is disease the writing of parkinsonics. The aim of the work is to show the importance of examinig the parametres of Parkinson's dysgrafia and to find writing parametres, which could distinguish healthy subjects from the pacient and also it could monitoring progress of pakinson's disease. Some of the parametrs showed marked differences and therefore could distinguish healthy people from those with Parkinson’s disease.

Essential Tremor (ET), a condition characterized by postural and kinetic tremor in the upper limbs, is one of the most prevalent movement disorders. While pharmaceutical and surgical treatment options exist, they are not ideal. Assistive devices have the potential to provide relief to patients but are largely unexplored for ET. Furthermore, prior characterizations of essential tremor have focused on endpoint tremor and provide insufficient detail for designing such a device. We propose and demonstrate a novel method for characterizing essential tremor in the 7 proximal degrees of freedom (DOF) of the upper limb in various postures. In addition, we provide a preliminary characterization in a small number of patients with mild ET. We collected data from 10 patients with ET. Subjects were instrumented with four electromagnetic sensors that recorded orientation of upper limb segments. After a calibration, each subject positioned his/her upper limb in 16 different postures for 15 seconds each. This procedure was repeated 4 times for each subject, with each repetition being considered a run. Sensor data were converted to angular kinematic data for each DOF using inverse kinematics, a practice unique to this study. These data were then analyzed in the frequency domain to calculate the power associated with the tremor in each DOF and posture. More specifically, we computed the area of the periodogram over the 4-12 Hz frequency band typically associated with ET [narrow-band area (NBA)] and over the wider frequency band from 2 Hz to the Nyquist frequency [wide-band area (WBA)]. If significant peaks were found in the 4-12 Hz band, their frequency and amplitude were reported. Mixed-model ANOVA tests were used to investigate effects of DOF, posture, run, gravity, and patient characteristics on reported measures. NBA and WBA varied significantly between DOF, being lowest in the wrist, intermediate in the shoulder, and greatest in the elbow and forearm (pronation-supination). NBA and WBA also varied significantly with posture. Only 5% of observations had significant peaks, with 49% of peaks occurring in wrist flexion-extension and 39% occurring in wrist radial-ulnar deviation. Peak frequency was quite stereotyped (5.7 Hz ± 1.3Hz). Run had no significant effects, indicating that tremor measures were consistent over the duration of the experiment. Effects of gravity and demographic factors on measures were mixed and did not present a discernible pattern. This preliminary characterization suggests that tremor may be focused in a subset of upper limb DOF, being greatest (in terms of power) in elbow flexion-extension and forearm pronation-supination, and most concentrated (with peaks at a stereotyped frequency) in wrist flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation. Our method of 7 DOF characterization through inverse kinematics, in conjunction with future research (isolation studies, EMG, and finger DOF) may allow for optimal tremor suppression by an orthosis.

Two subjects exhibiting drug-induced hand tremor received EMG feedback from electrode sites above the forearm extensor muscles . EMG feedback resulted in reductions in muscle potentials for both subjects. However, self-report measures of tremor severity showed only general improvement in Subject l and little or no improvement in Subject 2. Behavioral measures of hand steadiness taken immediately after each treatment session showed slight changes across treatment conditions for both subjects. As indicated by a rapid increase in EMG measures during reversal, treatment effects appear transitory.

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京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23774号 / 医博第4820号 / 新制||医||1057(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 伊佐 正, 教授 高橋 淳, 教授 井上 治久 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM