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Living with a sibling with Autism/PDD: assessing the effects using play therapy methodsBuys, Ada C 22 October 2004 (has links)
This research deals with the effects that living with a sibling with Autism/PDD has. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of living with a sibling with Autism/PDD by using play therapy methods. In order to achieve this goal the researcher undertook a literature study to provide a better insight into the dimensions and complexities of defining Autism/PDD and its related conditions, an in-depth look at the triad of impairments and the influence this has on the functioning of siblings of children with Autism/PDD. The second objective was to undertake an empirical study with regards to the influence of Autism/PDD on the functioning of these siblings. The third objective was to make recommendations to parents and people working in families with children with Autism/PDD that will enable them to respond to the needs of these siblings. The researcher made use of applied research. The data collection phase consisted of unstructured interviews, conducted in the form of a play process. The research question was the following: What is the effect of living with a sibling with Autism/PDD? Qualitative research was used in this study to enable the researcher to do a subjective exploration of reality as opposed to the outsider perspective of quantitative research. This study focused on the following aspects: helping, advocacy, awareness and a need for information, positive and negative feelings that the respondents experienced about their siblings, the effect on the child in middle childhood as well as family stresses. The researcher came to the conclusion that siblings of children with Autism/PDD experience both positive and negative feelings with regards to their brother/sister with Autism/PDD. / Dissertation (MSD (Play Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Social Work / unrestricted
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[en] AUTISM: A SENSORY NATURE DISORDER? / [pt] AUTISMO: UM TRANSTORNO DE NATUREZA SENSORIAL?ROBERTA COSTA CAMINHA 30 March 2009 (has links)
[pt] O diagnóstico do autismo é feito com base na tríade de prejuízos que
engloba problemas na comunicação, nos comportamentos sociais e padrões
restritos e repetitivos de comportamentos, interesses e atividades. Embora esse
critério diagnóstico não faça referência em momento algum a prejuízos sensoriais,
crescem as evidências, advindas principalmente de relatos autobiográficos de
autistas de alto funcionamento, de que o transtorno autista seja uma condição
diretamente relacionada a um aparato sensorial imperfeito. Essas evidências são
complementadas com pesquisas científicas que levam em consideração, em sua
maioria, relatos retrospectivos de pais e cuidadores. Estudos indicam que
problemas sensoriais já estão aparentes no primeiro ano de vida de uma criança
autista, podendo inclusive ser úteis para um rastreamento precoce do transtorno.
Considerando-se a importância do aparato sensorial para o desenvolvimento das
relações interpessoais do bebê e o fato de 69% a 80% dos autistas apresentarem
problemas sensoriais, o objetivo do trabalho é iniciar uma reflexão sobre a
possível relação da tríade de prejuízos do autismo com um aparato sensorial
imperfeito no bebê, começando a se pensar no autismo como, talvez, um
transtorno de natureza sensorial. / [en] The diagnosis of autism is based on a triad of impairments
that includes
communication problems, social impairments and repetitive
and restricted
patterns of behaviors, interests and activities. Although
this diagnosis criterion
does not make reference to sensory impairments, evidence
arising from
autobiographical accounts of high-functioning individuals
with autism, suggests
that the autistic disorder is directly related to an
impaired sensory apparatus. Such
evidence is complemented with scientific research based
mostly on retrospective
accounts from parents and caretakers. Studies indicate that
by the first year of an
autistic child´s life, sensory impairments are already
apparent, and may be useful
to an early identification of the disorder. Considering the
importance of the
sensory apparatus to the development of a child´s
interpersonal relations and the
fact that approximately 69% to 80% of autistic individuals
present sensory
problems, the purpose of this work is to suggest a link
between the triad of
impairments associated with autism and an impaired sensory
apparatus in babies,
thus starting to approach autism as, perhaps, a disorder of
sensory nature.
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Motorická imitace jako předpoklad sebeobsluhy u dětí s poruchami autistického spektra / Motor imitation as a precondition for self-care skills for children with autism spectrum disordersPrucková, Kateřina January 2016 (has links)
The thesis deals with Autistic Spectrum Disorders in terms of their ethology and diagnostic criteria. The theoretical part further describes development of terminology of these disorders and historical concept of care of individuals with Autism. Included are also categories of disabilities and their symptoms. Another chapter discusses the specifics of self-help skills of children with Autism and characterizes motor development of preschool children with an emphasis on motor imitation, as one of the sub-kinetic abilities. The aim of the research work is to analyse the degree of influence of motor imitation on the development of self-help skills of children with Autism. It focuses on evaluation of the developmental level of the respondent's self-help skills and its development influenced by intensive imitation training. Determination of the actual developmental level allows easier orientation within self-help skills that can be practiced with the child. Their list is located in the attachments. Further research clarifies what techniques were the most successful during motor imitation training. KEYWORD Autism spectrum disorders, pervasive developmental disorder, triad of impairments, motor development, motor imitation, self-help skills.
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Problémové chování žáků s autismem a střední mentální retardací / Problematic behavior of pupils with autism and moderate mental retardationJarošová, Petra January 2019 (has links)
This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of problematic behaviour of pupils with autism and medium mental retardation in an educational process. The main aim of this work is to learn about and describe teaching staff's experience with the occurrence and ways of handling problematic behaviour of these pupils. The theoretical part describes the basic terms related to autism, mental retardation and it also outlines a historical context of autism, etilogy, its classification and characteristic symptoms. The thesis also focuses on the diagnostic process in the psychological and pedagogical diagnostics, an overview of basic obligatory diagnostic tools is provided. It deals with the legislative framework of the education of pupils with autism and medium mental retardation, it describes the most common educational methods and therapeutic approaches in special schools. Next chapter defines the term problematic behaviour, outlines the diagnostic evaluations and some specific approaches to correcting such behaviour. The practical research part is based on the qualitatively-oriented methodology and it works with data gained from 11 semi-structured interviews with the school deputy directors, special pedagogues - teachers, assistant teachers - educators from three elementary schools separately established for...
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