The purpose of the research is to study the solutions for the difficulties encountered in the water resources development in southern Taiwan. In the recent years, Owing to the phenomenon of global warming, many countries in the world experienced more powerful flood and longer drought then before. The water resources development of southern Taiwan is very difficult not only because the limitation of the weather and geographical condition, but also the hinder of the inner and outside factors of government organizations. The inner factors majorly include : The opinions of central government and local government cannot be integrated effectively like the old province government and results in the suspension of the engineering land acquisition. The authority¡¦s policy of water resource development is unstable, which also make the situation worse. The outside factors majorly includes: The intention of the local government authority can be affected easily by the effect of NIMBY and the pressure of environmental protection group,which causes the problem of land acquisition becoming more complicated and harder to resolve. This paper trys to study the cases of Ma-Tan Reservoir and Tseng-Wen Reservoir Transbasin Water diversion project, based on the efficiency of the land acquisition of the province government, to analyse the inner and outside factors and the dealing mechanism of government to provide some suggestions for the government.