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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Aspectos clínicos e patológicos de pacientes com tumores colorretais diagnosticados durante cirurgia abdominal de urgência / Clincal and pathological features of patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed during emergency abdominal surgery

SANTOS, Alex Caetano dos 25 April 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:29:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Alex Caetano dos Santos.pdf: 982242 bytes, checksum: f685e405b1e872acdf53a2790d29d70b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-25 / Context In 85% of the cases, colorectal cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage during investigation of symptomatic patients. Currently, 10% to 33% of the cases may present emergency situations (obstruction or perforation), requiring immediate surgical treatment, and may result in higher mortality compared with elective surgical procedures. Objective Analyze clinical and pathological features of patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed during emergency abdominal surgery at the Hospital de Urgências de Goiânia. Methods We studied 107 patients operated on between January 2006 and June 2010 presenting with histologically confirmed colorectal malignancy. Results This series consisted of 58 women and 49 men with mean age of 59.81 ± 17.08 years. The most frequent symptoms were: abdominal pain (97.2%), no bowel movements (81.3%), vomiting (76.6%), and anorexia (40.2%). Clinical preoperative diagnosis was divided into five groups: obstructive acute abdomen (n = 68), obstructive acute perforation (n = 21), obstructive acute inflammation (n = 13), abdominal sepsis (n = 3), and severe gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 2). Tumors were located in the rectosigmoid (51.4%), transverse colon (19.6%), ascending colon (12.1%), descending colon (11.2%), and 5.6% of the cases presented association of two colon tumors (synchronic tumors). Histopathological examination revealed the presence of adenocarcinoma in 98.1% of the cases. The surgical treatments were: tumor resection with colostomy (85%), tumor resection with primary anastomosis (10.3%), and colostomy without tumor resection (4.7%). Immediate mortality occurred in 33.4% of the patients. Bivariate analysis of sex, tumor location and stage showed no relation to death (p > 0.05%). Conclusions Colorectal cancer in patients who underwent emergency surgery due to acute abdominal complication was more prevalent in females and elderly individuals with nonspecific colonic complaints. Adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid was the most frequent condition. Despite the high mortality rate, surgical treatment of colorectal cancer was indicated due to intestinal occlusion. / Contexto Em 85% dos casos, o câncer colorretal é diagnosticado em estádio avançado durante a investigação de pacientes sintomáticos. Atualmente, 10% a 33% dos casos podem apresentar situações emergenciais (obstrução ou perfuração), necessitando de intervenção cirúrgica imediata, podendo resultar em mortalidade operatória maior do que a cirurgia eletiva. Objetivo Analisar os aspectos clínicos e patológicos de pacientes com câncer colorretal operados em urgência, no Hospital de Urgência de Goiânia. Métodos Foram estudados 107 pacientes operados entre janeiro de 2006 e junho de 2010 com diagnóstico histológico de neoplasia maligna colorretal. Resultados A amostra foi constituída de 58 mulheres e 49 homens com idade média de 59,81 ± 17,08 anos. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram: dor abdominal (97,2%), parada de eliminação de gases e fezes (81,3%), vômitos (76,6%) e anorexia (40,2%). Na avaliação pré-operatória foram diagnosticados: abdome agudo obstrutivo (n = 68), abdome agudo perfurativo (n = 21), abdome agudo inflamatório (n = 13), sepse abdominal (n = 3) e hemorragia digestiva grave (n = 2). Os tumores estavam localizados no retossigmoide (51,4%), cólon transverso (19,6%), cólon ascendente (12,1%), cólon descendente (11,2%) e em 5,6% dos casos houve associação de dois tumores no intestino (tumores sincrônicos). Os exames histopatológicos revelaram a presença de adenocarcinoma em 98,1% dos casos. Os tratamentos cirúrgicos adotados foram: ressecção tumoral com colostomia (85%), ressecção tumoral com anastomose primária (10,3%) e colostomia sem ressecção tumoral (4,7%). Houve mortalidade imediata em 33,4% dos casos. Na análise bivariada, as variáveis sexo, localização e estádio tumoral apresentaram p > 0,05% em relação ao óbito. Conclusão O câncer colorretal operado em urgência teve maior prevalência no sexo feminino e nos idosos com queixas inespecíficas. O diagnóstico histopatológico na quase totalidade foi adenocarcinoma localizado no retossigmoide. Embora a mortalidade seja elevada, o tratamento cirúrgico do câncer colorretal deve ser realizado.

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