Thesis (MEd)--Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary purpose of a restructured educational system in South Africa, to which the Government of National Unity has committed itself, is to provide every learner with the opportunity to develop to his/her full potential. This implies insight into and understanding of the personality functioning of learners, which would enable educators to determine their learners' educational needs and address these in a relevant way. A need that resulted from this was to supply educators with information that would enable them to readdress their priorities, methods of instruction and structuring of educational material in order to accommodate all learners in their classes. This need gave rise to a research project undertaken by the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Stellenbosch. An American personality questionnaire, the Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children (MMTIC) forms part of this research project. This instrument identifies personality types in children and sheds light on various aspects related to personality type which include: where children are likely to focus their energy, how they perceive information, how they make decisions and how they orient themselves to their external world. This information is especially valuable as it accesses a learner's learning- and communication styles. The MMTIC has been in use in the United States for more than a decade. In an effort to render this instrument universally and across cultural boundaries useful, the compilers are in a process of developing a revised version, of which the Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children-Revised (MMTIC-R) is the provisional form. As part of the developing process of the revised version, it is necessary to determine whether the MMTIC-R measures the same .aspects of personality as the MMTIC. Consequently the results yielded by the MMTIC and MMTIC-R on a group of learners are compared in terms personality types, personality type preferences, temperamental types, function- and attitude pair preferences. Correlation between the four scales for the research group on the two instruments, as well as the levels of reliability for both instruments are also campared. As the usefulness of the MMTIC-R across cultural boundaries is a priority, a group of Xhosa speaking learners from an English-medium primary school were selected as candidates for the research group. The research group (N=162) was representative of boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 13 years. The SAS system was used for the statistic computation of the data, and two sets of results, descriptive of the research group and of the two instruments were obtained. The results indicated that both the MMTIC and MMTIC-R measure the same aspects in terms of personality types, personality type preferences, temperamental types, function- and attitude pair preferences. The results however indicated statistical correlation on only one of the four scales of both instruments, which requires further investigation. Although the results for the descriptive statistics showed a higher level of reliability for the MMTIC-R than the MMTIC, both instruments fulfil the requirements for a good psychometric instrument. The educational and teaching implications are valuable, and are discussed. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oorkoepelende doelwit van 'n geherstruktureerde onderwysstelsel waartoe die Regering van Nasionale Eenheid verbind is, is om elke leerder die geleentheid te bied om as individu tot sy/haar volle potensiaal te ontwikkel. Hierdie doelwit behels 'n noukeurige insig in en begrip vir die persoonlikheidsfunksionering van elke leerder, wat die opvoeder in staat sal stelom elke leerder se onderwysbehoeftes te identifiseer en op relevante wyse aan te spreek. 'n Behoefte wat dus hieruit voortvloei is aan inligting wat dit vir opvoeders moontlik sal maak om hul prioriteite, onderrigmetodes en strukturering van onderrigmateriaal aan te pas om elke leerder in hul klasse te akkommodeer. Hierdie behoefte het aanleiding gegee tot 'n omvattende navorsingsprojek wat deur die Departement Opvoedkundige Sielkunde aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch onderneem is. 'n Amerikaanse persoonlikheidsmeetinstrument, die Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children (MMTIC), maak deel uit van die navorsingsprojek. Hierdie meetinstrument identifiseer persoonlikheidstipes in kinders en werp lig op verskeie aspekte wat daarmee gepaard gaan soos: waar kinders neig om hul energie te fokus, hoe kinders inligting verkry, op watter wyse hulle besluite neem en oordele fel, asook hoe kinders hul tot die eksterne wêreld oriënteer. Hierdie inligting is veral waardevol aangesien dit inligting oor leer- en kommunikasiestyle verskaf. Die MMTIC is reeds vir meer as 'n dekade in die Verenigde State in gebruik, en in 'n poging om hierdie meetinstrument universeel en oor kultuurgrense heen meer bruikbaar te maak, is die samestelIers in 'n proses om 'n hersiene weergawe te ontwikkel, waarvan die Murphy- Meisgeier Type Indicator for Children - Revised (MMTIC-R) 'n voorlopige vorm is. As deel van die ontwikkelingsproses van die hersiene weergawe moet daar onder andere bepaal word hoe dit vergelyk met die MMTIC in terme van die aspekte van persoonlikheid wat dit meet. In hierdie ondersoek word die resultate van 'n bepaalde groep leerders op beide die meetinstrumente met mekaar vergelyk ten opsigte van persoonlikheidstipes, persoonlikheidstipevoorkeure, temperamentstipes, funks ie- en houdingspaarvoorkeure. Korrelasie tussen die vier afsonderlike skale vir die ondersoekgroep op die twee meetinstrumente, asook die vlakke van betroubaarheid vir albei meetinstrumente word ook vergelyk. Aangesien die bruikbaarheid van die hersiene weergawe oor kultuurgrense heen 'n prioriteit is, is 'n groep Xhosa sprekers in 'n Engelsmedium laerskool as kandidate vir die ondersoekgroep geselekteer. Die ondersoekgroep (N=162) is verteenwoordigend van seuns en meisies tussen die ouderdomme 10 en 13 jaar. Die SAS-sisteem is vir die statistiese verwerking van die data in die ondersoek gebruik en twee stelle resultate, beskrywend van die ondersoekgroep self en van die meetinstrumente afsonderlik, is gelewer. Die resultate dui daarop dat beide meetinstrumente dieselfde aspekte van persoonlikheid meet. Die resultate dui egter daarop dat daar 'n statistiese verband op slegs twee van die vier skale afsonderlik is, en behoort dus verder ondersoek te word. Alhoewel die resultate vir die beskrywende statistiek dui op 'n hoër vlak van betroubaarheid op die MMTIC-R as op die MMTIC, voldoen albei meetinstrumente tegnies aan die statistiese vereistes van 'n goeie meetinstrument. Die implikasies van die bevindings is waardevol vir die opvoedings- en onderrigpraktyk, en word bespreek.

A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Psychology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts. / The current research report seeks to investigate the relationship between psychological type/cognitive style, and computer attitude components, namely computer anxiety. computer confidence, and computer liking, in a sample of full-time banking employees. Psychological type is assessed by means of the dichotomous preferences of extraversion-introversion (E-I), thinking-feeling (T-F) , and sensing-intuition (S-N), based on Jungian personality theory, and operationalised by the Myers Briggs Type Indicator. The T-F and S-N preferences, being mental processes 0'1 judging or perceiving, may also be interpreted as cognitive styles. Pertinent to the current investigation is the impact that certain demographic variables have on computer attitudes, in terms of their relationship with, and their ability to predict computer attitudes. Research results provide moderate support for the proposed hypotheses. No relationship was found between the extraversion-introversion preference and computer attitudes. People with a sensing preference exhibited more positive attitudes towards computers than people with an intuition preference, People with a thinking preference indicated less computer anxiety and more positive computer attitudes as a whole than their feeling counterparts. No relationship was found between the T- F preference and computer liking or confidence. Age and previous computer experience were found to have the strongest relationships with computer attitudes, suggesting that these two demographics could predict computer attitudes more effectively and conclusively than personality variables. No relationships were found for gender differences and computer attitudes, contrary to previous research. / Andrew Chakane 2018

Efforts to develop an empirically derived typology of a major component of the implicit aggressive personality are described. A variety of samples (from both student and work populations) completed the Conditional Reasoning Test for Aggression (CRT-A; James, McIntyre, Glisson, Bowler, and Mitchell, 2004; James et al., 2005). Individual scores on the CRT-A were analyzed utilizing cluster analytic methodology in order to develop a typology of the key defense mechanisms used by the implicit aggressive personality. The resulting clusters were analyzed using affirmation analysis (Feild and Schoenfeldt, 1975) to test the reliability of each. A useful system for classifying the implicit aggressive personality resulted from this endeavor. It is expected that both scientists and practitioners can use this typology as a means for classifying aggressive individuals. Implications include the development of an organizing framework facilitating scientific communication in research on the aggressive personality as well as a classification system for organizations to identify those applicants and incumbents that might be potentially detrimental to the well-being of their coworkers.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-159).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Covenant Theological Seminary, 2009. / Includes abstract. Bibliography: leaves 147 - 149.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1998. / This is an electronic reproduction of TREN, #090-0151. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-159).

M.A. / There is a critical lack of local, clinical research into this growing problem which threatens to affect all of our lives, either directly or indirectly. The last government-sanctioned study on substance abuse in South Africa was conducted in 1970, and very limited research reports have been published that have reflected on the etiology, maintenance and treatment of the problem, either from a social or therapeutic perspective. This dissertation sets out to address the clinical, therapeutic issues of Substance Abuse disorder, including alcohol, within a South African context. The assumption of the author is that pathological personality styles and disorders underlie the problem of substance abuse in South Africa, as has been established in countries with similar substance abuse issues around the world. As will be seen in the following chapter, a distinct relationship has been established between the disorder of substance abuse, on Axis I and the personality disorders of Axis II, according to the DSM III-R. 4 A review of the literature will demonstrate the different findings surrounding this relationship, and describe the role that pathological personality patterns play in the development and maintenance of Substance Abuse disorder. These pathological personality styles and disorders are then discussed in detail, from the perspective of Millon's theory of personality. It is felt by this author that Millon's theory of personality provides a comprehensive framework for the discussion of the underlying personality issues associated with addiction. The extensive description of Millon's personality styles and disorders, their close association to the personality disorders described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals, and their easy quantification through the MCMI II make Millon's theory, coupled with his test of personality the most well suited theory to form a foundation for the discussion and integration of an understanding of the problems associated with substance abuse in South Africa. In order to determine the relevance of foreign- based studies in a South African context, a study into the personality profiles of South African substance abusers was conducted at three rehabilitation centers within the Gauteng province of South Africa.

D.Litt. et Phil. / The research aim of this study was to develop a self-knowledge program for career counselling practitioners based on psychological type, and to evaluate the program in practice. The theory of psychological type, based on the work of Jung, McCaully, Murphy, Myers and Briggs, and Quenk, presents a practical communication model for the career counselling interview. The theory builds a basic structure of how the individual perceives and process information and how he or she evaluates and makes decisions with this information. It gives an understanding of the communication process in the career counselling interview with regard to the psychological types of both the client and the practitioner. A design and development research model was applied to develop and evaluate the self-knowledge development program. The four phases of the model are problem analysis and project planning, design, development, and evaluation. During the phase of problem analysis, the relevant literature in the field of psychology and related fields were researched. It was concluded that there was a need for a self-development program for career counsellors based on psychological type, and the project was planned. During the development phase, a practice model, role descriptions and specific skills of career counselling, were extended with regard to psychological type. This served as an explanatory model to develop the tentative self-development program. During the development phase the program was used in two pilot studies, with final year counselling students, in a workshop format. Data generated during the pilot studies was used to refine the program. For the final evaluation phase, the format was adapted to a workbook format that could be used by the individual practitioner.

M.A. (Research Psychology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Differential item functioning on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was examined in regard to gender. The Myers-Briggs has a differential scoring system for males and females on its thinking/feeling subscale. This scoring system preserves the 60 % thinking male and 30 % thinking female proportion that is implied by the Jungian theory underlying the Indicator. The MBTI's authors contended that the sex-based differential scoring system corrects items that subjects at a certain level of a latent trait either incorrectly endorse or leave blank. This reasoning is the classical definition of differential item functioning (DIF); consequently, the non differentially scored items should exhibit DIF. If these items do not show DIF, then there would be no reason to use a differential scoring system. Although the Indicator has been in use for several decades, no rigorous item response theory (IRT) item-level analysis of the Indicator has been undertaken. IRT analysis allows for mean differences in subgroups to occur, independent of the question of DlF. Linn and Harnisch's (1981) pseudo-lRT analysis was chosen to test for the presence of DlF in the MBTl items because it is best for tests of relatively small length. The Myers-Briggs subscales range from 22 to 26 items, which is relatively small by lRT standards. lRT analyses conducted on N=1887 subjects indicated that no items on the thinking/feeling subscale showed evidence of DIF. Out of 94 items, only one extraversion/introversion item and one judging/perception item showed evidence of DIF; no Thinking/Feeling items showed DIF. It is recommended that sex-based differential MBTI scoring be abandoned, and that the distribution of type in the population be examined in future studies. / Ph. D.