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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / As the repetitive processes in the manufacturing community are being automated to reduce operating cost, the satellite tracking station (being for the most part a repetitive operation) can also reduce operating cost by automation. A conventional satellite tracking station requires personnel to setup, monitor, and adjust a variety of equipment, coordinate data collection, and archive collected data. By automating, the above duties in addition to managing the station can be done through a single-point user interface. This paper presents the methods used to design the user-interface software including graphical user interface (GUI) types of hardware I/O for data acquisition and control, and remote control.

M.Com. (Informatics) / In this study the issue on User Interface Management Systems (UIMSs) is addressed. Specific attention is given to the design principles regarding development of user interface management systems that allow the creation of graphical user interfaces for existing text-oriented command-line applications. As an introduction the concept of user interface management systems is discussed and a working and formal definition is derived. Thereafter a survey is discussed concerning user interface tools. A user interface management system architecture is proposed; \he planning, design and development aspects of user interface management systems are addressed, and the effect of human factors in the design of a user interface management system is discussed. Attention is also given to various interaction and dialogue models ...

A VR car-driving simulator for evaluating the user experience of new drivers by helping them to learn driving rules and regulations. The Classic VR Driver helps new drivers to learn driving rules and regulations using various audio and visual feedback. The simulator helps them to get acquainted with the risks and mistakes associated with real life driving. In addition, the users have to play the game in an immersive environment using a Virtual Reality system. This project attempts to fulfill two important goals. The major goal is to evaluate whether the user can learn driving rules and regulations of the road. The game allows the users to take a road test. The road test determines the type of mistakes the user makes and it also determines if they passed or failed in it. I have conducted A/B testing and let the testers participate in user-interviews and user-survey. The testing procedure allowed me to analyze the effectiveness of learning driving rules from the simulator as compared to learning rules from the RMV (Registry of Motor Vehicles) manual. Secondly, the user experience was evaluated by allowing users to participate in user-interviews and user-surveys. It helped me to understand the positives and drawbacks of the game. These feedback are taken into consideration for future improvement. All these factors were considered to make the game as enjoyable and useful in terms of skill training.

There is increasing consensus among practitioners and academics alike that we are in the midst of a paradigm shift from producer-centered and internal innovation processes toward user-centered and open innovation processes. This paradigm shift induces significant changes to the design of organizations. Even though the research field of user innovation has been developing over a period of more than four decades, there have been only occasional intersections with the research field of organizational design. In this article, we aim to provide an integrated perspective of the two fields. We first identify major user innovation strategies. We then derive the implications for each user innovation strategy on key dimensions of organizational design.

Elderly people comprise the highest proportion of television viewers. Elderly people often struggle with new technology and reject it due to complexity. We propose a system to help people keep up with certain new technologies, such as IPTV and social networks with reduced efforts. We specifically propose a system to integrate IPTV with Twitter, a social networking website with an aid of a mobile phone. The system uses speech to text technology on mobile phone, as input to reduce the difficulty involved in the interaction with Twitter, while viewing television. As speech is a more convenient and natural way of expression than text, we anticipate that people from other age groups can also benefit from the system.

The importance in finding components that may result in won market advantages for an organization has increased in the latest decade, as a result of the increasing competition across a range of industries. One factor that has been shown leading to efficient products and benefits in terms of time- and resource savings has been an implementation of user experience interaction guidelines, UXIG. These are guidelines with the purpose to improve the products within an organization out of a holistic perspective and increase the interaction between the product and its user, in a positive way. This study has been conducted at GE Healthcare Life Sciences, in Uppsala, focusing at chromatography. The purpose of this study was to investigate how to create and implement UXIG at this, large, international organization – with a heterogeneous product portfolio. In order to come up with recommendations in these questions a benchmarking study, interviews and a questionnaire was made. The purpose with the interviews and questionnaire was to find out how other organizations and their employers had been acting and thinking when reasoning about these questions whereas the benchmarking study consisted of a comparison of famous UXIGs. The result of this study shows that e.g. preparation, an overall clarity from the creators/management, a strong communication channel between the management, creators of the UXIG, its users and the users of the systems, how they are matching to the organization, their availability and structure, are important components in order to create/ develop UXIG in a successful way.

Software designers must understand the domain, work practices, and user expectations before determining requirements or generating initial design mock-ups. Users and other stakeholders are a valuable source of information leading to that understanding. Much work has focused on design approaches that include users in the software development process. These approaches vary from surveys and questionnaires that garner responses from a population of potential users to participatory design processes where representative users are included in the design/development team. The Design Exploration approach retains the remote and asynchronous communication of surveys while making expression of feedback easier by providing users alternatives to textual communication for their suggestions and tacit understanding of the domain. To do this, visual and textual modes of expression are combined to facilitate communication from users to designers while allowing a broad user audience to contribute to software design. One challenge to such an approach is how software designers make use of the potentially overwhelming combination of text, graphics, and other content. The Design Exploration process provides users and other stakeholders the Design Exploration Builder, a construction kit where they create annotated partial designs. The Design Exploration Analyzer is an exploration tool that allows software designers to consolidate and explore partial designs. The Analyzer looks for patterns based on textual analysis of annotations and spatial analysis of graphical designs, to help identify interesting examples and patterns within the collection. Then software designers can use this tool to search and browse within the exploration set in order to better understand the task domain, user expectations and work practices. Evaluation of the tools has shown that users will often work to overcome expression constraints to convey information. Moreover, the mode of expression influences the types of information garnered. Furthermore, including more users results in greater coverage of the information gathered. These results provide evidence that Design Exploration is an approach that collects software and domain information from a large group of users that lies somewhere between questionnaires and face to face methods.

The development of fine grid geolgocial models has attracted great attention in the past decades. Meanwhile, the need for reliable upscaling and coarsening techniques is continuing. Besides the computational efficiency, upscaling can also offer other advantages. The desire for the assessment of risk and uncertainty in reservoir performance is another key issue that is attracting the researchers. Predictions are necessarily of a statistical character because uncertainty is involved in almost all the aspects of the reservoir characterization. Significantly upscaled models are desired when the full assessment of project risk and uncertainty are to be accomplished. The problem of upgridding fine scale models into the coarsened ones is still an attractive and challenging topic demanding much more effort in the reservoir simulation field. We proposed a modified static coarsening algorithm that has better performance without introducing extra computation cost. This algorithm combines adjacent layers based on static calculations such that the heterogeneity measure of a defined static property is minimized within the layers. In addition, the geological model coarsening will also rely on preserving geological marker information. This combination of static calculation and geological information enables this algorithm to generate models more closely to the true ones. The power and utility of our approaches have been demonstrated using both synthetic and field examples. To assist the optimal coarsening procedures, we developed and implemented a GUI (Graphical User Interface), named MARS. We focused on building up a C++ based user interface which enables users to handle access the upgridding simulation visually. This MARS software package is a general purpose GUI for applications that make use of graphs as an underlying data model. MARS, which allows user to create simulation cases, import and modify data, and generate graphical geological figures, is developed to facilitate the operation of this coarsening procedures and the interpretation of the results obtained by this model. The user of MARS will be graphically guided through the entire process of creating coarsening simulations.

Automated systems for large-span roof truss optimization provide engineers with the flexibility to consider multiple alternatives during conceptual design. This investigation extends previous work on multi-objective roof truss optimization to include the design preferences of a human user. The incorporation of user preferences into the optimization process required creation of a mechanism to identify and model preferences as well as discovery of an appropriate location within the algorithm for preference application. The first stage of this investigation developed a characteristic feature vector to describe the physical appearance of an individual truss. The feature vector translates visual elements of a truss into quantifiable properties transparent to the computer algorithm. The nine elements in the feature vector were selected from an assortment of geometrical and behavioral factors and describe truss simplicity, general shape, and chord shape. Using individual feature vectors, a truss population may be divided into groups of similar design. Partitioning the population simplifies the feedback process by allowing users to identify groups that best suit their design preferences. Several unsupervised clustering mechanisms were evaluated for their ability to generate truss classifications that matched human judgment and minimized intra-group deviation. A one-dimensional Kohonen self-organizing map was selected. The characteristic feature vectors of truss designs within user-selected groups provided a basis for determining whether or not a user would like a new design. After analyzing user inputs, prediction algorithm trials sought to reproduce these inputs and apply them to the prediction of acceptable designs. This investigation developed a hybrid method combining rough set reduct techniques and a back-propagation neural network. This hybrid prediction mechanism was embedded into the operations of an Implicit Redundant Representation Genetic Algorithm. Locations within the ranking and selection processes of this algorithm formed the basis of a study to investigate the effect of user preference on truss optimization. Final results for this investigation prove that incorporating a user's aesthetic design preferences into the optimization project generates more design alternatives for the user to examine; that these alternatives are more in line with a user's conceptual perception of the project; and that these alternatives remain structurally optimal.