This work deals with dual detection of organic and inorganic analytes after separation by capillary zone electrophoresis. In the first part, two types of hydrodynamic sampling are tested. Standard hydrodynamic sampling most often used in laboratory-made electrophoretic apparatus, based on lifting the vessel with the sample, in which the sampling end of the capillary is immersed, and a new method based on increasing the pressure in the sampling vessel without moving the capillary. This sampling procedure minimizes experimenter activity because it is controlled by software. Experimenter only changes vessel containing the sample solution for one with separation electrolyte. The experimental parameters, the sampling time and pressure, are optimized to achieve maximum separation efficiency and adequate detection sensitivity. In the second part of the work, the developed method is tested for the separation of amino-acids in a biological sample (urine).

Volvo Cars är ett välkänt företag som säljer bilar över hela världen. Idag skickar Volvo Cars sin kylvätska till leverantörer för analys. Processen är komplicerad och tar mycket tid. Det finns ett intresse hos Volvo Cars att själva kunna analysera kylvätskan. För att kunna göra detta krävs det att en metod som de kan använda för att analysera kylvätskan utvecklas. Examensarbetet syftar till att utveckla en metod som gör det möjligt att analysera koncentrationen av organiska syror i Volvos kylvätska. Analysen ska göras med hjälp av en High Performance Liquid Chromatography - HPLC. De organiska syrorna är inhibitorer som skyddar material i motorn från korrosion när det kommer i kontakt med kylvätskan. Metoden utvecklas i flera steg, det är viktigt att veta hur olika organiska syror kan analyseras med en HPLC. HPLC-analyser är mycket beroende av de intrumentella inställningarna. Inställningarna som ändrar när metoden utvecklas är pH, typ av kolonn, våglängd på detektorn, flödeshastighet i kolonnen, injektionsvolymen, sammansättning av eluent (lösningsmedel) och analystid. Kalibreringskurvor konstrueras för att sedan kunna användas i fortsatta studier. Tre av fem organiska syror som skulle analyseras var möjliga att analysera med två olika metoder. Den enda skillnaden mellan metoderna var våglängden på detektorn. En av de organiska syrorna hade en mer linjär kalibreringskurva vid en högre våglängd. / Volvo Cars is a well-known company and they are selling their cars all over the world. Today, Volvo Cars send their engine coolant to the supplier of engine coolant for analysis. This process is complicated and takes a lot of time. It is in the interest of Volvo Cars to be able to analyze the engine coolant themselves. In order to do that, a method where they can analyze the engine coolant must be developed. This exam work aim to develop a method where it is possible to analyze the concentration of organic acids in Volvo´s engine coolant with a High Performance Liquid Chromatography - HPLC. The organic acids are inhibitors that protect the materials in the engine from corrosion when in contact with the engine coolant. The method is developed in several steps. First it is important to know how different organic acids could be analyzed with an HPLC. HPLC-analysis is very dependent of the instrumental parameters. The parameters you change when developing a method are pH, kind of column, wavelength of the detector, kind of detector, flow rate in the column, injections volume, composition of the eluent (solvent) and, analysis time. Calibration curves are created and could be used as a reference in further analysis. Three of the five organic acids that were supposed to be analyzed were possible to analyze. Three organic acids were analyzed with one method and the two remaining organic acids with another method. The only difference between the methods is the wavelengths of the detector.

This diploma thesis deals with determination of carbohydrates in wine. Theoretical part attends to production of wine from grape to treatment and training of wine. It refers saccharides in wine, especially glucose and fructose. The study provides an overview of the available sources concerning the possibilities of determination of carbohydrates in wine by chromatographic methods and Skalar automated chemistry analyser. The study shortly refers simple analytical methods for determination of wine saccharides. The experimental part based on this search deals with analysis of saccharides by high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector and UV detector on aminoalkyl column and determination of reducting sugars by Skalar automated chemistry analyser. Finally, the results of these methods were compared.