Les applications ubiquitaires évoluent dans des environnements plus hétérogènes et plus dynamiques que ceux des systèmes distribués traditionnels. La criticité des domaines applicatifs impliqués et la vocation non intrusive de l'informatique ubiquitaire exigent de garantir la robustesse des applications avant et pendant leur déploiement en situation réelle. Les solutions proposant de gérer la dynamicité des environnements ubiquitaires offrent des canevas de programmation dont la généricité ne permet pas de garantir la fiabilité des applications développées. D'autres solutions permettent davantage de vérifications en assurant, par exemple, l'intégrité des communications. Cependant, ces vérifications, telles que proposées dans ces solutions, empêchent la prise en compte de la dynamicité, indispensable à la mise en oeuvre d'applications ubiquitaires. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un canevas logiciel visant à concevoir, développer, vérifier et tester les applications ubiquitaires avant leur déploiement en environnements réels. Notre approche repose sur des spécifications haut niveau des applications cibles. Chaque spécification, écrites dans le langage DIASPEC, est analysée, vérifiée et compilée par le compilateur DIASPEC qui génère un canevas logiciel dédié, incluant un canevas de programmation et un canevas de simulation. Les canevas de programmation générés fournissent du support pour la programmation d'applications ubiquitaires. Ils garantissent l'intégrité des communications tout en permettant la gestion de la dynamicité des environnements ubiquitaires. Les canevas de simulation générés fournissent du support pour le test des applications ainsi développées. Les contributions de cette thèse sont les suivantes ; Nous proposons l'approche DIAGEN qui permet, à partir de spécifications d'architectures logicielles ubiquitaires, de générer du support de programmation et un ensemble de vérifications dédiés au développement d'applications ubiquitaires. Ces spécifications reposent sur un langage déclaratif, appelé DIASPEC, qui permet de décrire les types de services composant les applications ubiquitaires cibles. Le compilateur DIASPEC vérifie la cohérence des spécifications et génère, à partir de celles-ci, des canevas de programmation dédiés. Les canevas de programmation générés garantissent l'intégrité des communications d'applications dynamiques. Nous avons développé DIASIM, un simulateur pour tester à l'exécution, le comportement des applications développées avec l'approche DIAGEN. DIASIM permet de tester les applications sans les modifier et d'intégrer incrémentalement des services réels dans les scénarios de simulation. Nous avons montré que l'approche DIAGEN permet davantage de vérifications statiques tout en gérant la dynamicité des environnements ubiquitaires et en permettant une plus grande concision des applications développées. Nous avons analysé les canevas de programmation générés pour la gestion de réunion, l'immotique et la téléphonie. / Ubiquitous systems have to cope with more heterogeneous and more dynamic environments than traditional distributed systems. The criticity of application domains related to ubiquitous computing requires to ensure the robustness of applications before their deployment in actual situations. Some approaches handle the dynamicity of ubiquitous environments but propose generic programming frameworks. This genericity is a major obstacle for producing robust applications. Other approaches enable more verifications that ensure, for example, communication integrity. However, as performed by these approaches, these verifications are not compatible with managing constant changes of ubiquitous environments. This thesis proposes a declarative approach to generate software frameworks for ubiquitous computing. Our approach relies on high-level specifications of target applications. These specifications, written in the DIASPEC language, are analyzed, checked and compiled by the DIASPEC compiler which generates dedicated software frameworks, including programming frameworks and simulation frameworks. The generated programming frameworks provide programming support for developing ubiquitous applications while the generated simulation frameworks provide testing support for these applications. Programming frameworks ensure communication integrity while handling the dynamicity of ubiquitous environments. Furthermore, they are generated on top of a generic middleware; the layered architecture of this middleware allows ubiquitous applications to be independent of underlying technologies. The contributions of this thesis are as follows; We present the DIAGEN approach which proposes to generate, from specifications of ubiquitous software architectures, programming support and verifications dedicated to the development of ubiquitous applications. These specifications are written in a declarative language, called DIASPEC, which allows to describe all service types composing the target ubiquitous applications. The DIASPEC compiler checks the specification consistency and generates dedicated programming frameworks. These programming frameworks ensure communication integrity of dynamic applications. The underlying middleware has a layered architecture, making programming frameworks independent of software buses. Thus, applications are portable without modification. We present the DIASIM simulator that tests, at run time, the behavior of applications developed with DIAGEN. DIASIM allows to test applications without modification and to incrementally integrate actual services in simulation scenarios. We show that DIAGEN applications are more concise than existing approaches while enabling more verifications and handling the dynamicity of ubiquitous environments.

QUEIROZ FILHO, Carlos Alberto Batista de. Um mecanismo de tratamento de excessões sensível ao contexo para sistemas ubíquos orientados a tarefas. 2012. 95 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Departamento de Computação, Fortaleza-CE, 2012. / Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-08T16:21:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_cabqueirozfilho.pdf: 1970524 bytes, checksum: 4c0037e9a7ae7b752cee99522d45b0b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-06-08T16:24:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_cabqueirozfilho.pdf: 1970524 bytes, checksum: 4c0037e9a7ae7b752cee99522d45b0b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T16:24:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_cabqueirozfilho.pdf: 1970524 bytes, checksum: 4c0037e9a7ae7b752cee99522d45b0b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / The main purpose of ubiquitous computing is to provide information and features needed to help people in their daily tasks, proactively and transparently, at any time and anywhere. The development of ubiquitous systems involves a set of challenging requirements, including: context awareness, which allows systems to adapt their behavior to respond appropriately in the face of environmental changes, and dependability, which is related to the ability of systems provide a service which offer strong indications that are reliable. Regarding the attributes of dependability, neglecting them can bring grievances from small to severe risks to the physical integrity of the users. Exception handling is a major fault tolerance techniques used in software development to achieve greater levels of dependability. This technique, even though it is widely used in traditional software development, it is still not widely used in the development of ubiquitous systems. This is due to challenging requirements and characteristics of this type of system, among which we highlight the sensitivity to the context and distribution, which can make the necessary possibilities of handling exceptions in a system as a whole is greater than the sum of possibilities for exception handling of the parts that compose it. Therefore, this dissertation aims to propose a mechanism for exception handling context-sensitive ubiquitous systems for task-oriented. The proposed mechanism is available through a framework called foreheads, which allows the reuse mechanism. By using this framework, system functionality can be implemented on an abstraction task, which responds appropriately to changes in context, detecting and treating exceptional situations. To validate the proposed mechanism was implemented a prototype system of parking control ubiquitous as a proof of concept, which focuses on demonstration of how the tasks are implemented that make up this system and how they are defined exceptions contextual and their handlers. / O principal propósito da Computação Ubíqua é o fornecimento de informações e funcionalidades necessárias para ajudar as pessoas em suas tarefas cotidianas, de maneira proativa e transparente, a qualquer instante e em qualquer lugar. O desenvolvimento de sistemas ubíquos envolve um conjunto de requisitos desafiadores, dentre eles: sensibilidade ao contexto, que permite que os sistemas adaptem o seu comportamento para responder de forma apropriada diante de mudanças do ambiente; e dependabilidade, que está relacionado à capacidade dos sistemas de prestarem um serviço os quais ofereçam fortes indícios de que são confiáveis. Em relação aos atributos de dependabilidade, negligenciá-los pode trazer desde pequenas insatisfações até graves riscos à integridade física dos usuários. O tratamento de exceções é uma das principais técnicas de tolerância a faltas empregadas no desenvolvimento de software para atingir maiores níveis de dependabilidade. Essa técnica, apesar de já ser amplamente utilizada no desenvolvimento de software tradicional, ainda é pouco empregada no desenvolvimento de sistemas ubíquos. Isso ocorre em virtude das características e requisitos desafiadores desse tipo de sistema, dentre os quais se destacam a sensibilidade ao contexto e a distribuição, a qual pode fazer com que as possibilidades necessárias de tratamento de exceções de um sistema como um todo seja maior do que a soma das possibilidades de tratamento de exceções das partes que o compõe. Portanto, essa dissertação tem como objetivo propor um mecanismo de tratamento de exceções sensível ao contexto para sistemas ubíquos orientados a tarefas. O mecanismo proposto é disponibilizado através de um framework, denominado FRonTES, que permite a reutilização do mecanismo. Através da utilização desse framework, funcionalidades do sistema podem ser implementadas sob uma abstração de tarefa, que responde de maneira adequada a mudanças de contexto, detectando e tratando situações excepcionais. Para a validação do mecanismo proposto foi implementado um protótipo de sistema de controle de estacionamento ubíquo como uma prova de conceito, que foca na demonstração de como são implementadas as tarefas que compõem esse sistema e como são definidas as exceções contextuais e seus tratadores.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O principal propÃsito da ComputaÃÃo UbÃqua à o fornecimento de informaÃÃes e funcionalidades necessÃrias para ajudar as pessoas em suas tarefas cotidianas, de maneira proativa e transparente, a qualquer instante e em qualquer lugar. O desenvolvimento de sistemas ubÃquos envolve um conjunto de requisitos desafiadores, dentre eles: sensibilidade ao contexto, que permite que os sistemas adaptem o seu comportamento para responder de forma apropriada diante de mudanÃas do ambiente; e dependabilidade, que està relacionado à capacidade dos sistemas de prestarem um serviÃo os quais ofereÃam fortes indÃcios de que sÃo confiÃveis. Em relaÃÃo aos atributos de dependabilidade, negligenciÃ-los pode trazer desde pequenas insatisfaÃÃes atà graves riscos à integridade fÃsica dos usuÃrios. O tratamento de exceÃÃes à uma das principais tÃcnicas de tolerÃncia a faltas empregadas no desenvolvimento de software para atingir maiores nÃveis de dependabilidade. Essa tÃcnica, apesar de jà ser amplamente utilizada no desenvolvimento de software tradicional, ainda à pouco empregada no desenvolvimento de sistemas ubÃquos. Isso ocorre em virtude das caracterÃsticas e requisitos desafiadores desse tipo de sistema, dentre os quais se destacam a sensibilidade ao contexto e a distribuiÃÃo, a qual pode fazer com que as possibilidades necessÃrias de tratamento de exceÃÃes de um sistema como um todo seja maior do que a soma das possibilidades de tratamento de exceÃÃes das partes que o compÃe. Portanto, essa dissertaÃÃo tem como objetivo propor um mecanismo de tratamento de exceÃÃes sensÃvel ao contexto para sistemas ubÃquos orientados a tarefas. O mecanismo proposto à disponibilizado atravÃs de um framework, denominado FRonTES, que permite a reutilizaÃÃo do mecanismo. AtravÃs da utilizaÃÃo desse framework, funcionalidades do sistema podem ser implementadas sob uma abstraÃÃo de tarefa, que responde de maneira adequada a mudanÃas de contexto, detectando e tratando situaÃÃes excepcionais. Para a validaÃÃo do mecanismo proposto foi implementado um protÃtipo de sistema de controle de estacionamento ubÃquo como uma prova de conceito, que foca na demonstraÃÃo de como sÃo implementadas as tarefas que compÃem esse sistema e como sÃo definidas as exceÃÃes contextuais e seus tratadores. / The main purpose of ubiquitous computing is to provide information and features needed to help people in their daily tasks, proactively and transparently, at any time and anywhere. The development of ubiquitous systems involves a set of challenging requirements, including: context awareness, which allows systems to adapt their behavior to respond appropriately in the face of environmental changes, and dependability, which is related to the ability of systems provide a service which offer strong indications that are reliable. Regarding the attributes of dependability, neglecting them can bring grievances from small to severe risks to the physical integrity of the users. Exception handling is a major fault tolerance techniques used in software development to achieve greater levels of dependability. This technique, even though it is widely used in traditional software development, it is still not widely used in the development of ubiquitous systems. This is due to challenging requirements and characteristics of this type of system, among which we highlight the sensitivity to the context and distribution, which can make the necessary possibilities of handling exceptions in a system as a whole is greater than the sum of possibilities for exception handling of the parts that compose it. Therefore, this dissertation aims to propose a mechanism for exception handling context-sensitive ubiquitous systems for task-oriented. The proposed mechanism is available through a framework called foreheads, which allows the reuse mechanism. By using this framework, system functionality can be implemented on an abstraction task, which responds appropriately to changes in context, detecting and treating exceptional situations. To validate the proposed mechanism was implemented a prototype system of parking control ubiquitous as a proof of concept, which focuses on demonstration of how the tasks are implemented that make up this system and how they are defined exceptions contextual and their handlers.