O presente trabalho teve o intuito de desenvolver um novo dispositivo para melhor conhecer a movimentação de combustíveis no meio subterrâneo, fundamental à definição de tecnologias para remediação de áreas contaminadas. Paralelamente, procurou-se verificar a viabilidade da utilização do dispositivo proposto como método simples, rápido e de baixo custo para investigação do fluxo do óleo diesel, da gasolina e do biodiesel no solo. Fabricou-se um microcanal em poli(dimetil)siloxano que reproduziu fielmente as dimensões e geometrias dos poros e canais do solo. Inicialmente, o microcanal foi saturado com ar; em seguida, injetou-se o combustível e sequencialmente, a água de tal forma a simular um derramamento de combustível no solo sucedido por uma precipitação. Cada operação foi gravada em vídeo ou fotografada, o que permitiu a visualização dos fenômenos que ocorriam no interior do canal. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a viabilidade do dispositivo proposto para o estudo da movimentação dos combustíveis no meio subterrâneo. Verificou-se que tanto a gasolina quanto o óleo diesel evaporam, sendo a primeira mais rapidamente do que o segundo. O experimento permitiu calcular a taxa de evaporação de gasolina no solo. O óleo diesel e o biodiesel ficaram retidos nos poros fechados e a eventual água da chuva que escoava pelo mesmo caminho que a fase gasosa (ar e no caso do óleo diesel, vapores) removia parcialmente esses combustíveis. / The present work had the aim of developing a new device for better understanding fuel motion in the underground soil a key issue for the definition of contaminated area remediation technologies. As a side goal one tried to verify the feasibility of using the proposed device as a simple, fast and inexpensive tool for the investigation of underground fuel flow in porous soil by means of laboratory experiments with it. A poly(dimethyl)siloxane microchannel reproducing exactly the dimensions and geometries of soil pores and channels has been fabricated. Initially the microchannel was saturated with air; then firstly fuel was injected and sequentially water in order to mimic soil contamination by fuel leakage followed by a rain fall. Each and every operation was video recorded or photographed what allowed the visualization of the phenomena occurring inside the microchannel. Results showed the viability of the proposed device for studying the transport of fuels in the underground soil. It has been verified that gasoline vaporizes as does diesel oil as well, the former quicker than the last. The experiment allowed calculating the evaporation rate of gasoline in the soil. It has been seen that diesel oil and biodiesel remained trapped in closed pores and the eventual rain water flowed through the gaseous phase way (air and in the case of diesel oil, vapor) partially removing them.

O presente trabalho teve o intuito de desenvolver um novo dispositivo para melhor conhecer a movimentação de combustíveis no meio subterrâneo, fundamental à definição de tecnologias para remediação de áreas contaminadas. Paralelamente, procurou-se verificar a viabilidade da utilização do dispositivo proposto como método simples, rápido e de baixo custo para investigação do fluxo do óleo diesel, da gasolina e do biodiesel no solo. Fabricou-se um microcanal em poli(dimetil)siloxano que reproduziu fielmente as dimensões e geometrias dos poros e canais do solo. Inicialmente, o microcanal foi saturado com ar; em seguida, injetou-se o combustível e sequencialmente, a água de tal forma a simular um derramamento de combustível no solo sucedido por uma precipitação. Cada operação foi gravada em vídeo ou fotografada, o que permitiu a visualização dos fenômenos que ocorriam no interior do canal. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a viabilidade do dispositivo proposto para o estudo da movimentação dos combustíveis no meio subterrâneo. Verificou-se que tanto a gasolina quanto o óleo diesel evaporam, sendo a primeira mais rapidamente do que o segundo. O experimento permitiu calcular a taxa de evaporação de gasolina no solo. O óleo diesel e o biodiesel ficaram retidos nos poros fechados e a eventual água da chuva que escoava pelo mesmo caminho que a fase gasosa (ar e no caso do óleo diesel, vapores) removia parcialmente esses combustíveis. / The present work had the aim of developing a new device for better understanding fuel motion in the underground soil a key issue for the definition of contaminated area remediation technologies. As a side goal one tried to verify the feasibility of using the proposed device as a simple, fast and inexpensive tool for the investigation of underground fuel flow in porous soil by means of laboratory experiments with it. A poly(dimethyl)siloxane microchannel reproducing exactly the dimensions and geometries of soil pores and channels has been fabricated. Initially the microchannel was saturated with air; then firstly fuel was injected and sequentially water in order to mimic soil contamination by fuel leakage followed by a rain fall. Each and every operation was video recorded or photographed what allowed the visualization of the phenomena occurring inside the microchannel. Results showed the viability of the proposed device for studying the transport of fuels in the underground soil. It has been verified that gasoline vaporizes as does diesel oil as well, the former quicker than the last. The experiment allowed calculating the evaporation rate of gasoline in the soil. It has been seen that diesel oil and biodiesel remained trapped in closed pores and the eventual rain water flowed through the gaseous phase way (air and in the case of diesel oil, vapor) partially removing them.

This diploma thesis is about the media representation of Ivan Martin Jirous - a famous poet, essayist, art critic and the theorist of the czech underground. Ivan Martin Jirous, nicknamed Magor, is especially famous for the fact that he closely worked with the rock band The Plastic People of the Universe, which was at the time of normalization in opposition to communist political party, and therefore its members were persecuted and imprisoned. On the other hand after the year 1989 he became important dissident and the poet. His life changes affect into his media image, which is the subject of this diploma thesis. The main aim of this thesis is to point the life of Ivan Martin Jirous on a personal, journalistic and artistic level based on the study the professional sources and literature. But also obtain a comprehensive historical and media analysis of media texts about Ivan Martin Jirous. The thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter, which follows after the introduction, has descriptive character, and focuses on the person of Ivan Martin Jirous. It offers a brief overview of his life, his family, studies and jobs. The second one describes his publications and his other cultural activities. The third chapter includes a chronological list of media texts about Ivan Martin Jirous...