The Caribbean University's Pre-College Program (PCP) served as the conduit for the nation's academically underprepared high school graduates to matriculate to university and earn a degree. The PCP student enrollment increased annually since 2010; however, less than 70% of the total PCP students matriculated to an associate degree. Without a formal program evaluation, the empirical evidence into the factors that influenced PCP students' progress remained unknown. The purpose of this participatory-summative logic outcomes program evaluation was to measure stakeholders' perspectives of the ways in which the PCP's purpose, structure, and outcomes were manifested in the practices at the Caribbean University. A purposeful sample of 9 PCP students from the 2010 to 2015 PCP cohorts volunteered and received a 31-item Likert-scale College Persistence Questionnaire (CPQ) on-line survey to garner insights into the factors influencing the PCP learners' outcomes. Nine PCP faculty members and the deputy registrar completed separate versions of an online questionnaire. The PCP students' responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The open-ended responses were coded and analyzed. The PCP faculty members and deputy registrar's open-ended responses were coded, and thematically analyzed. Participants' responses identified institutional, curricular, and admissions criteria issues that influenced PCP students' low academic performance while supporting the PCP's program continuation. Findings and recommendations were included in an executive report for the study site. Providing the outcomes of this research to the leadership at the study site may lead to positive social change by supporting a second chance for this Caribbean nation's academically underprepared high school graduates who seek a college degree.

In 2012, national rates of degree or certificate completion for students beginning college in developmental education courses were 35%. At a Midwestern state community college completion rates were even lower, with only 27% of developmental reading/writing (DRW) students completing their program. Therefore, the purpose of this causal- comparative study was to compare success rates for DRW students beginning college in a multileveled (MLI) program and in a response to intervention (RtI) based program. The MLI program was grounded in a scaffolded learning framework, and the RtI program was grounded in a transformative learning framework. Four research questions were posited to identify the associations between success rates (course completion, persistence, retention, and credential completion) for students enrolled in the MLI program and students enrolled in the RtI program. Archival data for a census sample of 13,731 DRW students were analyzed. The chi-square test was used to determine whether associations existed between instructional groups for each dependent variable. Findings confirmed a significant association between instructional group and success factors, with students in the RtI group showing higher success rates for course completion, persistence, and retention than the MLI group. However, the MLI group showed higher success rates for credential completion than the RtI group. Further research will need to investigate the reasons for the divergent outcomes such as the fact that MLI program students began college two years before RtI program students. Implications for social change include an instructional model that may contribute to increased course completion, persistence, retention, and credential completion for DRW students, which is discussed in the appended position paper.

No description available.

M.. Tech. (Information Technology, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences), Vaal University of Technology) / The Green Paper for Post-School Education and Training states that higher education and training institutions are faced with the challenge of teaching underprepared students. Vaal University of Technology (VUT) Ekurhuleni has experienced an increase in the number of underprepared first year students from basic education to higher education, similar to other higher education institutions (HEIs) and training centres, and most of these students are familiar with messaging service applications. The purpose of this research is to determine if messaging service applications have a constructive role to play in supporting tertiary education. A variety of journals, books and other online materials were reviewed to learn and confirm the current information on messaging service applications and electronic communication interaction in higher education. A mixed methods research methodology has been adopted comprising of both qualitative and quantitative research. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews as well as questionnaires with structured questions to address the objectives of the study. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed to students and the sample (N=212) resulted in a response rate of 84.8%. Interviews were conducted targeting students doing a bridging course in Information Technology. In addition, data was collected from one of the messaging service applications, Whatsapp, for one semester with one class. For the analysis of the data, two theories—Social Presence Theory and Context Awareness Theory—were adopted. This research found that students who partook in the study displayed a positive perception of using messaging service applications in an educational environment. Furthermore, the textual interaction analysis indicates that students were able to successfully interact and use messaging services as educational supporting tool outside the classroom. From the findings a model has been developed which demonstrates how student learning outside the formal classroom learning environment can be supported through the use of messaging service applications. The research contributes to a better understanding of using of messaging service applications as an educational supporting tool in higher education. Messaging service applications enable students to forget about gender and cultural differences; it encourages them to work together as an online community. This research furthermore provides a basis for HEIs and academic leaders to initiate the discussion and consider the possibility of introducing messaging service applications as educational supporting tool outside the classroom.