La littérature suggère que le type de mariage joue un rôle important dans l’utilisation des services de planification familiale en Afrique subsaharienne et que les femmes impliquées dans les mariages polygynes sont moins susceptibles d’utiliser des méthodes contraceptives. Certaines d’entre elles s’exposent au risque de grossesses non désirées et de besoins non satisfaits en contraception. Cependant, l’association entre le type de mariage et le besoin non satisfait en planification familiale reste encore peu étudiée. Cette étude vise à analyser l’influence de la polygynie sur le besoin non satisfait en contraception et à explorer également comment elle est associée aux raisons sous-jacentes à ce besoin chez les femmes en union au Bénin. Pour ce faire, nous avons utilisé les données de l’enquête démographique et de santé (EDS) de 2017-2018 et estimé des modèles de régression logistique binaire et multinomiale. Les résultats indiquent que parmi les femmes en union au Bénin, 38% étaient impliquées dans des mariages polygynes et que 32% avaient un besoin non satisfait en contraception. Ils révèlent que les femmes issues de mariages polygynes, notamment les épouses juniors (RC=1,134; p<0,10) étaient plus susceptibles d’exprimer un besoin non satisfait que les épouses de mariages monogames, mais ce résultat n’est que marginalement significatif. En ce qui concerne les motifs des besoins non satisfaits, ils montrent que les épouses des mariages polygynes avaient un risque plus élevé d’exprimer les besoins insatisfaits en espacement, en particulier les épouses juniors (RRR=1,157; p<0,10), et en report de naissances (RRR=1,196; p<0,10) que les épouses des unions monogames. Toutefois, ces associations sont marginalement significatives. À noter qu’aucune différence significative n’a été observée entre les épouses seniors et les épouses en unions monogames. Cette étude souligne la nécessité de mener des recherches complémentaires pour approfondir ce sujet et de fournir des explications précises à ce constat. Les résultats suggèrent aussi qu’on doit prendre en compte le rang des épouses dans les analyses futures. / The literature suggests that the type of marriage plays an important role in the use of family planning services in sub-Saharan Africa, and that women involved in polygynous marriages are less likely to use contraceptive methods. Some of them are at risk of unwanted pregnancies and unmet need for contraception. However, the association between type of marriage and unmet need for family planning remains largely unexplored. This study aims to analyze the influence of polygyny on unmet need for contraception and explore how it is associated with the reasons underlying this need among women in unions in Benin. Therefore, we estimated binary and multinomial logistic regression models using data from the 2017-2018 Demographic and Health Survey (EDS) and estimated. The results indicate that 38% of women in union in Benin were involved in polygynous marriages and 32% had an unmet need for contraception. We also find that women from polygynous marriages, especially junior wives (OR=1.134; p<0.10), were more likely to express an unmet need than wives from monogamous marriages; however, this result is only marginally significant. Regarding the reasons for unmet need, we show that wives in polygynous marriages, particularly junior wives (RRR=1.157; p<0.10), had a higher risk of expressing unmet needs for spacing, and postponement of births (RRR=1.196; p<0.10) than wives in monogamous unions. However, these associations are marginally significant. No significant difference was observed between senior wives and wives in monogamous unions. This study highlights the need for further research to explore this subject, and to provide specific explanations for this finding. The results also suggest that we must consider the rank of wives in future analyses.

<p>The purpose of this research is to study the effect of different demographic and socio economic factors on the contraceptive use among currently married women of age 15-49 in the two regions of Ethiopia, Amhara (17,214,056) and Oromiya (27,158,471). Data are obtained from the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Information on contraceptive use was provided by current use 1334 (14.7), future use 4017 (52.0), unmet need for spacing 1817 (20.0) and limiting 1249 (13.3) currently married women aged 15&ndash / 49 interviewed in the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).</p>

<p>The purpose of this research is to study the effect of different demographic and socio economic factors on the contraceptive use among currently married women of age 15-49 in the two regions of Ethiopia, Amhara (17,214,056) and Oromiya (27,158,471). Data are obtained from the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Information on contraceptive use was provided by current use 1334 (14.7), future use 4017 (52.0), unmet need for spacing 1817 (20.0) and limiting 1249 (13.3) currently married women aged 15&ndash / 49 interviewed in the 2005 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).</p>

The aim of the study was to develop strategies to reduce the unmet need for modern contraception among agro-pastoral women. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of unmet need for modern contraception, determine the factors associated with unmet need for modern contraception, and explore the barriers that hindered agro-pastoral women from using modern contraception. A mixed-method research design was used to conduct the study. Data were collected from agro-pastoral women and family planning service providers. Questionnaire and individual in-depth interviews were used to collect the data. The validity and reliability of the quantitative data and trustworthiness of the qualitative data were ensured. Use of standard data collection tools, employing method and data triangulation, and documenting all the procedures of data collection and analysis were among the ways employed to do so The quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the qualitative data. Ethical principles of research such as beneficence, justice, informed consent, respect for persons, privacy and confidentiality and scientific integrity were considered to conduct the study. The study revealed an unmet need of 29.2% (n=112) for modern contraception among agro-pastoral women. The unmet need for birth spacing constituted 21.1% (n=81), whereas the unmet need for birth limiting was 8.1% (n=31). The age of the women, the number of living children, knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, and knowledge of FP service centres were found to be associated with women‘s unmet need for modern contraception. Lack of time and money, lack of knowledge about modern contraception, and fear of side effects were the major individual-level barriers. There were also culture-related factors such as the need for many children that hindered agro-pastoral women from using modern contraception. Moreover, the study disclosed that religious unacceptability and husband‘s and relatives‘ opposition were also among the mentioned barriers. The quality of FP service provision in terms of the competence and behaviour of health service providers, unavailability and inaccessibility of FP service, were also indicated as barriers. The findings informed the development of strategies to reduce agro-pastoral women‘s unmet needs for modern contraception in Eastern Ethiopia. The study further recommended that the health bureaus of the region, zone and district collaborate in ensuring that agro-pastoral women realise the significance of the provision of accessible, equitable, quality modern contraception. It is also essential to equip health facilities with qualified health service providers and necessary facilities. Religious leaders should be involved in disseminating vital, relevant and empowering FP information. / Health Studies / Ph. D. (Public Health)

Introduction:Rwanda is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the most remarkable health achievements. However, Rwanda is still one of the countries with a high unmet need (34%) and high prevalence of unintended pregnancies. Objective: To examine the association between literacy and unmet need for contraception among women in reproductive age in Rwanda. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study based on secondary data, derived from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program. The study population was women in reproductive age (15- 49 years old) who lived in Rwanda. It included 13217 females out of the 13497 after the exclusion of females who are not residents of Rwanda, who are blind or visually impaired and who are need language card. The methodology involved cross tabulations, bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Results: There was a significant bivariate association between literacy and unmet need for contraception (OR=1.28; 95% CI 1.17-1.40; p &lt; .001), in which literate females where more likely to have an unmet need for contraception. There was no association between literacy and unmet need when controlling other factors. Others factors such as age, current marital status and province had a strong impact on the unmet need for contraception in the adjusted analysis. Conclusions: Literacy may be associated with the outcome, however, socio-economic factors have a stronger influence on the dependent variable. Regulations, policies and other features such as socio-cultural norms may differ from country to country, therefore it is important to consider the current situation of each country.