UCS is described as a muscle imbalance pattern located within the cervical and thoracic spine region. These imbalances have been shown to produce elevation and forward movement of the shoulders, winging of the scapula, and a forward extension of the head. These changes, in turn, lead to overstress of the cervical cranial junction and shoulders, which can cause neck and/or jaw pain, headaches, and shoulder problems. The purpose of this study was to determine if quantifiable differences existed in active range of motion, muscle strength and muscle endurance capacity between a group of patients with Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS) and an asymptomatic group. A case-control experiment was completed. The case group consisted of 17 subjects with UCS, recruited through physical therapy and chiropractic clinics. The control group consisted of 17 healthy subjects, which were matched for age, gender and BMI on a group level. Isometric strength and endurance tests were completed. Neck range of motion was assessed about three axes. Significant differences in strength generating ability (neck flexion/extension, shoulder internal/external rotation, shoulder abduction/adduction) and range of motion (neck bending, neck rotation) were evident between the two groups. Endurance measures though, were comparable between groups. The results show that it is possible to use objective measures to distinguish between people with UCS and healthy controls, and thus demonstrate the possibility to move from a subjective to a quantitative objective diagnostic approach. / Master of Science

Darbo objektas: Smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario funkcijos sutrikimai ir jų ryšys su viršutiniu kryžminiu sindromu. Darbo tikslas: Nustatyti ar moterų smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario funkcijos sutrikimai susiję su viršutiniu kryžminiu sindromu. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti tiriamųjų smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario judesio amplitudę, traškesį, skausmą ir apatinio žandikaulio nukrypimą esant viršutiniam kryžminiam sindromui. 2. Nustatyti tiriamųjų pečių lanko ir kaklo raumenų skausmą, ilgį, jėgą, ištvermę bei galvos padėtį esant viršutiniam kryžminiam sindromui. 3. Nustatyti smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario funkcijos sutrikimų ir viršutinio kryžminio sindromo ryšį. Hipotezė: smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario funkcijos sutrikimai susiję su viršutiniu kryžminiu sindromu. Rezultatai: 1 grupės moterys turi skaudamus pečių lanko ir kaklo raumenis, o 2 grupės – neturi. Grupės gautais tyrimo rezultatais statistiškai panašios (p>0,05), tačiau kaklo skausmo bei galvos sukamųjų raumenų, trapecinio raumens viršutinių dalių, didžiųjų ir mažųjų krūtinės raumenų skausmo įvertinimo rezultatais grupės tarpusavyje yra statistiškai skirtingos (p<0,05). Išvados: 1. Esant viršutiniam kryžminiam sindromui 50 proc. atvejų smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario judesių amplitudė buvo normali ir tik 20 proc. - žymiai sutrikusi. Esant pečių lanko ir kaklo raumenų skausmingumui dažniau pasireiškia smilkininio apatinio žandikaulio sąnario traškesys, skausmas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object: Disorders of temporomandibular joint function and relation with upper crossed syndrome. Aim: Assess women disorders of temporomandibular joint function relation to upper crossed syndrome. Tasks: 1. Set the test of temporomandibular joint range of motion, clicking, pain, mandibular deviation in the upper crossed syndrome. 2. Set the test of shoulder girdle and neck muscles pain, length, strength, endurance of the deep neck flexors and the position of the head in the upper crossed syndrome. 3. Set of relation between the temporomandibular joint dysfunctions and upper crossed syndrome. Hypothesis: disorders of temporomandibular joint function are related to upper crossed syndrome. Results: Women in the first group have trigger points in neck and shoulder girdle muscles, women in the second group haven’t muscle pain. Groups are statistically similar (p>0,05), except the results of neck pain, pain in sternomastoid, upper trapecius, major pectoralis, minor pectoralis muscles between the groups, showed that 1 and 2 groups are statistically different (p<0,05). Conclusion: 1. In the upper crossed syndrome are 50% cases of normal temporomandibular joint range of motion and only 20% - significantly impaired. Women with shoulder girdle and neck muscles pain had more often signs of clicking, pain in temporomandibular joint, bruxism and mandibular deviation during the movement. 2. In the upper crossed syndrome women felt muscle pain more often, have shortened m. pectoralis major, m... [to full text]

The diploma thesis deals with the problem of muscle imbalances of middle school aged children and its relationship with their free time activities. The selected exercises were tested for the muscles involved in the lower and upper cross syndrome. On the basis of the measured results, the frequency of shortened / weakened muscles and muscles in the physiological standard were compared. A questionnaire survey was used to identify preferences of children concerning leisure activities. Based on the data obtained from the comparison of the data found in the questionnaire and the results measured during the testing of the muscles, the following topics were addressed: Whether the muscular condition is influenced by the sex, the frequency of sport activities performed and the type of sport practiced. In addition, the influence of parents' and their lifestyle. KEYWORDS muscoskeletal system, muscle imbalance, upper crossed syndrome, lumboischiatic syndrome, gender, middle aged children

The diploma thesis deals with the problem of muscle imbalances in pre-pubertal children and its relationship with their free time activities. The selected exercises were tested for the muscles involved in the lower and upper cross syndrome. On the basis of the measured results, the frequency of shortened / weakened muscles and muscles in the physiological standard were compared. A questionnaire survey was used to identify preferences of children concerning leisure activities. Based on the data obtained from the comparison of the data found in the questionnaire and the results measured during the testing of the muscles, the following topics were addressed: Whether the muscular condition is influenced by the sex, the frequency of sport activities performed and the type of sport practiced. In addition, the influence of parents' and their lifestyle.