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Vyhodnocování užitečnosti ladících nástrojů / Evaluation of Usefulness of Debugging ToolsMartinec, Tomáš January 2015 (has links)
Debugging is a very time-consuming activity for programmers. Although the number of proposed debugging tools is large, the number of tools that are actually adopted by practitioners and used during development of software is less than one may expect. Many believe that one reason for the situation is that it is hard to estimate whether the implementation efforts of proposed debugging tools or approaches are worth the gain. The first goal of this thesis is to propose a methodology for the evaluation of usefulness of debugging tools. To provide an exemplary usage of the methodology, a study of usefulness of typical debugging tools for development of operating systems is conducted. Secondly, the thesis also explores and documents further aspects of how programmers debug software. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Définition des indicateurs de l'efficience inventive pour caractériser les activités inventives en R&D : application au domaine de l’automobile / Key performance indicators of inventive activities for characterizing technological design in R&D : application in automotive industriesTaheri, Ali 26 August 2015 (has links)
[...] Le sujet de cette thèse intervient dans le cadre du projet DEFI et vise à caractériser la notion d'Efficience Inventive en Conception afin d'élaborer des moyens de mesure de cette dernière. L’objectif étant à terme d’aboutir à l'adoption d’indicateurs aidant les entreprises à situer leurs capacités inventives en R&D. Par la suite, les entreprises ayant adopté ces indicateurs pourront, le cas échéant, entamer des actions d'évolution de leurs pratiques afin que la valeur de ces indicateurs évolue dans le sens recherché. Aux vues de la diversité des typologies d’entreprises et l’ampleur d’un tel sujet, notre recherche est focalisée sur les projets de conception de produits au sein des départements R&D de l’industrie automobile. Afin de mener cette recherche et définir les indicateurs de l’efficience inventive, nous avons étudié dans un premier temps les critères inhérents à la conception inventive. Selon nos travaux, la mesure de la performance inventive est corrélée à l’efficience inventive et doit considérer son efficacité par des caractéristiques ciblées, l’étude des connaissances impliquées et des ressources consommées. Notre mesure de l’efficience inventive est aussi basée sur l’analyse des flux des connaissances en jeu tout au long du processus d’innovation technologique, et particulièrement dans la phase de pré-développement. Elle analyse la relation entre ce qui est reçu et ce qui est appliqué ou consommé par rapport à l’inventivité. La mesure de l’inventivité est alors basée sur l’évaluation de l’idéalité, la nouveauté et l’utilité de ce qui sort du processus de conception de produit. L’ensemble des méthodes d’évaluation développées dans ce travail pour chaque critère d’inventivité, et l’efficience inventive, sont intégrés dans un système d’évaluation concret nommé IDPMS (Inventive Design Performance Measurement System) destiné à aider les directeurs des projets de la conception de produit et R&D à observer la performance inventive des équipes projet, et tenter d’améliorer les activités inventives. Donc, ce travail se catégorise dans le domain des sciences de l’ingénieur. Depuis plus de deux décennies, notre laboratoire (le LGéCo) travaille à la construction, d’abord théorique, puis déclinée en méthodes et outils, de nouvelles approches destinées à accompagner les mutations industrielles de l’ère de la qualité vers l’ère de l’innovation. A cet égard, cette thèse fournira un chaînon manquant : celui qui concerne l’évaluation, et la mesure de ce qui caractérise l’amont de l'innovation afin d’aider les entreprises à entrer, par rapport à ces dernières, en logique de performance. / [...] This thesis was defined in the DEFI project to characterize the notion of efficiency in Inventive Design, and develop the metrics of inventive-design. The objective of this proposal is to define inventive performance indicators to enhance the creative capacity in the automotive industry. The research is focused on the NPD projects of R&D department, which are known as the responsible of technological evolutions. In this respect, the main elements of design performance, and the main criteria of inventiveness are studied and merged together. The inventive performance of a R&D team is concerned with the efficiency of their activities to create inventive designs when they apply existing knowledge, and/or use creative resources. This analyzes the relationship between what is received and what is applied or consumed to achieve higher inventiveness degree. The measures of inventiveness are based on the evaluation of novelty, resourcefulness, and usefulness of what comes out from design activities. All the evaluation methods developed in this work are integrated into a concrete system as IDPMS (Inventive Design Performance Measurement System), and an initial version of the IDPMS application is developed, by which R&D and project managers can observe the inventive performance of their NPD projects. So this work is categorized in Engineering Science for specifying performance indicators of inventive design activities. In recent years, our laboratory (LGeCo) focused on developing theoretical methods, then appropriate tools to accompany the industrial changes from the era of quality to the era of innovation. In this regard, this thesis provides the missing link of this effort by evaluating the main characteristics of inventions in engineering level to help companies enter into a logic performance along their innovation projects.
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A user-centered usability and usefulness evaluation framework of digital libraries in the context of EthiopiaNewayneh, Ketsela Gilats 03 1900 (has links)
Bibliography: leaves 207-224 / Abstracts and keywords following the Appendices / This thesis evaluates Ethiopian higher learning institutes’ digital libraries (DLs) for their usability
and usefulness. The outcome contributes knowledge by helping to propel development efforts;
satisfy DL stakeholders; provide information and fill information gaps; serve as cross-reference
for academicians and researchers in the discipline; make decisions and solve managerial issues in
DLs of the developing world; and provide scientific interests and merits for the advancement of
information systems.
When undertaking usability and usefulness evaluation research in DLs, there is no agreed-upon
established conceptual framework that guides researchers in the developing world. Therefore, the
overall objective of this research is to propose a framework for DL evaluation that fits into the
context of developing countries. As the study is concerned with users’ internal attributes, the
interpretive research paradigm is applied. A qualitative research approach is employed and a case study research design is followed. Multiple data-collection techniques, namely semi-structured
interviews (17 respondents), open-ended questionnaires (17 respondents) and observations (4
observations) are employed. The study encompasses four public university DLs in Ethiopia.
The participants have a positive perception of all attributes of usability. Most of the attributes of
usefulness are also perceived positively, except coverage. The major challenges encountered by
participants are network accessibility, interruption and speed, and access restrictions imposed on
some DL content. DL benefits include easy access to the DL content, enhanced teaching and
research, lower cost and easy sharing of contents. The expectations of users are ensuring resource
availability and sustainability, overcoming the absence of user feedback and federated search
problems, and improving network infrastructure and speed.
The interaction triptych framework (ITF), which is used in the current study, is a well-known
framework that is commonly implemented by researchers. However, since it does not incorporate
the contextual situation of developing countries, ITF has some limitations. Therefore, based on the
output of this empirical research and considering the usability and usefulness themes of ITF and
its relationships with other socio-technical and contextual themes, a contextual DL evaluation
framework is proposed. The proposed framework emphasises the social, institutional and
contextual aspects of DLs. The proposed framework has six DL components, namely: DL user;
content and collection; system and technology; services and support; user interface; and context.
The proposed framework is called a digital library components interaction evaluation framework. / Lo mqondo uhlaziya imitapo yolwazi yedijithali (i-DLs) yezikhungo zokufunda ephezulu zase-Ethiopia
ngokusebenziseka kwazo nokuba wusizo. Umphumela unikela ngolwazi ngokusiza ukuhambisa imizamo
yentuthuko; ukwanelisa ababambiqhaza be-DL; ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi nokugcwalisa izikhala zolwazi;
ukusebenza okubhekiswe kukho kwezifundiswa nabaphenyi emkhakheni; yenza izinqumo futhi ixazulule
izingqinamba zokuphatha kuma-DL wezwe elisathuthuka; futhi unikeze izintshisekelo zesayensi kanye
nokufaneleka ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zolwazi.
Lapho wenza ucwaningo lokusebenziseka neliwusizo okuhlaziya kuma-DL, akukho luhlaka lomqondo
okuvunyelwene ngalo oluhola abacwaningi ezweni elisathuthuka. Ngakho-ke, inhloso ephelele yalolu
cwaningo ukuphakamisa uhlaka lokuhlaziya kwe-DL oluhambisana nomongo wamazwe asathuthuka.
Njengoba ucwaningo luphathelene nezimpawu zangaphakathi zabasebenzisi, inqubo yocwaningo
ehumushekayo iyasetshenziswa. Indlela yokucwaninga esezingeni elifanele iyasetshenziswa bese
kulandelwa ukwakheka kocwaningo lwesifundo. Kusetshenziswa amasu amaningi wokuqoqa
imininingwane, njengezingxoxo ezihlelwe kahle (abaphenduli abayi-17), imibuzo evulekile (abaphenduli
abayi-17) kanye nokubhekwayo (okubhekwayo oku-4). Lolu cwaningo luhlanganisa ama-DL amane
wemfundo ephakeme yomphakathi wase-Ethiopia.
Abahlanganyeli banombono omuhle wazo zonke izici zokusebenziseka. Iningi lezimpawu eziwusizo
zibonwa kahle futhi, ngaphandle kokumbozwa. Izinselela ezinkulu ababambiqhaza abahlangabezana ngazo
ukufinyeleleka kwenethiwekhi, ukuphazamiseka nejubane, nemikhawulo yokufinyelela ebekiwe kokunye
okuqukethwe kwe-DL. Izinzuzo ze-DL zifaka ukufinyelela okulula kokuqukethwe kwe-DL, ukufundiswa
okuthuthukisiwe nocwaningo, izindleko eziphansi nokwabelana okulula kokuqukethwe. Okulindelwe
abasebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezinsiza nokusimama, ukunqoba ukungabi bikho
kwempendulo yomsebenzisi nezinkinga zokusesha ezihlanganisiwe, nokwenza ngcono ingqalasizinda
yenethiwekhi nejubane.
Uhlaka lokusebenzisana lwe-triptych (ITF), olusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwamanje, uhlaka olwaziwa
kakhulu olusetshenziswa ngokuvamile ngabaphenyi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lungafaki isimo somongo
samazwe asathuthuka, i-ITF inemikhawulo ethile. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngokukhishwa kwalolu cwaningo
olunamandla kanye nokubheka ukusebenziseka nosizo lwezindikimba ze-ITF kanye nobudlelwano bayo
nezinye izingqikithi zomphakathi nezobuchwepheshe nezingqikithi zomongo, kuhlongozwa uhlaka lokuhlaziya lomongo lwe-DL. Uhlaka oluhlongozwayo lugcizelela izici zenhlalo, zesikhungo nezingqikithi
zomongo zama-DL. Uhlaka oluhlongozwayo lunezingxenye eziyisithupha ze-DL, okuyilezi: Umsebenzisi
we-DL; okuqukethwe neqoqo; uhlelo nobuchwepheshe; izinsizakalo nokwesekwa; isikhombimsebenzisi
somsebenzisi nomongo. Uhlaka oluhlongozwayo lubizwa ngohlaka lokuhlaziya kokusebenzisana
kokuqukethwe komtapo wolwazi wedijithali. / Hierdie proefskrif evalueer Ethiopië se hoër leerinstellings se digitale biblioteke (DBe) ten opsigte
van hulle bruikbaarheid en nuttigheid. Die uitkoms dra by tot kennis wat kan help om die
ontwikkelingspogings aan te dryf; om belanghebbers van digitale biblioteke tevrede te hou; om
inligting te verskaf en inligtingsgapings te vul; deur te dien as kruisverwysing vir akademici en
navorsers in die vakgebied; om besluite te neem en bestuursaangeleenthede in digitale biblioteke
van die ontwikkelende wêreld op te los; en om wetenskaplike belange en meriete vir die
bevordering van inligtingstelsels te voorsien.
Wanneer bruikbaarheids- en nuttigheidsevalueringsnavorsing in digitale biblioteke onderneem
word, is daar geen ooreengekome, gevestigde raamwerk wat leiding aan navorsers in die
ontwikkelende wêreld kan gee nie. Die algehele doelwit van hierdie navorsing was derhalwe om
’n raamwerk vir die evaluaering van digitale biblioteke voor te stel wat in die konteks van
ontwikkelende lande pas. Omdat die studie gemoeid is met gebruikers se interne eienskappe, is die
vertolkende paradigma gebruik. ’n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gebruik en ’n
gevallestudie-navorsingsontwerp is gevolg. Veelvuldige data-insamelingstegnieke, naamlik
semigestruktureerde onderhoude (17 respondente), oop vraelyste (17 respondente) en
waarnemings (vier waarnemigs), is ingespan. Die studie sluit vier openbare universiteite se digitale
biblioteke in Ethiopië in.
Die deelnemers het ’n positiewe persepsie van al die eienskappe van bruikbaarheid. Die meeste
van die eienskappe van nuttigheid word ook as positief waargeneem, met die uitsluiting van
voorsiening. Die grootste uitdagings wat die deelnemers ervaar het, was
netwerktoeganklikheid, -onderbrekings en -spoed en die toegangbeperkings wat sommige digitale
biblioteke oplê. Voordele van digitale biblioteke sluit die volgende in: toegang tot
digitalebiblioteekinhoud; beter onderrig en navorsing; laer koste; en die maklike deel van inhoud
met ander. Die verwagtings van gebruikers verseker hulpbronbeskikbaarheid en -volhoubaarheid,
en om die afwesigheid van gebruikersterugvoer en gefedereerde soekprobleme en die verbetering
van netwerkinfrastruktuur en -spoed te oorkom.
Die interaksietriptiekraamwerk (ITF) wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, is ’n bekende raamwerk wat
algemeen deur navorsers geïmplementeer word. Omdat dit egter nie die kontekstuele situasie van
ontwikkelende lande inkorporeer nie, het ITF sekere beperkings. Gebaseer op die uitset van hierdie
empiriese navorsing en met die inagneming van die bruikbaarheids- en nuttigheidstemas van ITF
en sy verhouding met ander sosio-tegniese en kontekstuele temas, word ’n kontekstuele
digitalebiblioteekraamwerk derhalwe voorgestel. Die voorgestelde raamwerk beklemtoon die
sosiale, institusionele en kontekstuele aspekte van digitale biblioteke. Die voorgestelde raamwerk
het ses digitalebiblioteekkomponente, naamlik: digitalebiblioteekgebruiker; inhoud en insameling;
stelsel en tegnologie; dienste en ondersteuning; gebruikerkoppelvlak; en konteks. Die voorgestelde
raamwerk word ’n interaksie-evalueringsraamwerk vir digitalebiblioteekkomponente genoem. / School of Computing / D. Phil. (Information Systems)
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