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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desenvolvimento de vidros bioativos contendo óxido de ferro sintetizados pelo método sol-gel visando tratamento de câncer por hipertermia

Borges, Roger January 2018 (has links)
Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Juliana Marchi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanociências e Materiais Avançados, Santo André, 2018. / A hipertermia e uma terapia de tratamento de cancer que consiste em aumentar a temperatura do tecido biologico contendo celulas cancerigenas a temperaturas ate 43¿C, a qual afeta as celulas cancerigenas e causa minimos danos a celulas saudaveis. Este trabalho visou sintetizar, pelo metodo sol-gel, vidros bioativos do sistema SiO2-CaO-P2O5 contendo fases magneticas de oxido de ferro a fim de obter um material com propriedades magneticas promissoras para hipertermia e com propriedades osteocondutoras favoraveis para regeneracao ossea, podendo assim ser utilizado no tratamento de cancer osseo. As fases magneticas foram introduzidas por dois diferentes metodos: I) cristalizacao por reacoes de estado solido (Parte I); II) dispersao de nanoparticulas de magnetita na matriz vitrea (Parte II). Na Parte I do trabalho, uma rota alternativa de sintese foi desenvolvida e validada para possibilitar a obtencao de vidros contendo fases superparamagneticas nucleadas por cristalizacao. Os materiais foram caracterizados por difracao de raios X (DRX), espectroscopia de infravermelho na transformada de Fourier, calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC) e magnetometro de amostra vibrante (VSM-SQUID). Os resultados indicaram que vidros obtidos pela metodologia modificada da Parte I apresentam estrutura quimica similar aos vidros obtidos pelo metodo convencional, i.e. uma fase vitrea contendo fase secundaria cristalina de hidroxiapatita. Foi possivel obter vidros contendo ferro, cuja incorporacao ocasiona uma conversao 3Q2 ¨ 2Q3 na estrutura vitrea, sugerindo um efeito de ion intermediario em relacao ao ferro. O tratamento termico de vidros contendo ferro a 670¿C induziu a nucleacao de nanocristais de hematita, fazendo que os vidros exibissem comportamento superparamagnetico. Na segunda parte deste trabalho (Parte II) os vidros foram obtidos pelo metodo quick-alkali onde as nanoparticulas de magnetita foram dispersas durante a sintese. Os materiais foram caracterizados por DRX, DSC, espectroscopia Raman, microscopia eletronica de varredura por emissao de campo e VSM-SQUID. Os resultados da Parte II indicaram que vidros contendo nanoparticulas de magnetita com propriedades superparamagneticas foram obtidos. Foi observado um efeito de aglomeracao das nanoparticulas, o qual afetou as interacoes dipolares entre as particulas. O processo da sintese induziu uma oxidacao das nanoparticulas de magnetita, levando a uma diminuicao do momento de saturacao, porem ainda com valores adequados para sejam empregados em tratamentos por hipertermia. Os resultados de ambas as Partes (I e II) indicam que materiais promissores para aplicacoes em hipertermia foram obtidos. / Hyperthermia is a cancer treatment therapy that consists of increasing the cancerous tissue temperature up to 45¿C, majorly affecting cancer cells, and minimally damaging healthy ones. The aim of this work was to synthesize, through the sol-gel method, bioactive glasses based on the SiO2-CaO-P2O5 and containing magnetic phases of iron oxide in order to achieve materials with suitable magnetic properties for hyperthermia, and desired biological properties for bone regeneration. Therefore, such material can be used in treatment of bone cancer. The magnetic phases were added in the glass structure by two different methodologies: I) crystallization through solid state reactions (Part I); II) dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles within the glass matrix (Part II). In Part I, an alternative synthesis route was developed and validated to obtain glasses containing superparamagnetic phases nucleated by crystallization.The prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM-SQUID). The results showed that glasses obtained by the adapted synthesis of Part I showed chemical structure similar to those glasses obtained by the conventional quick-alkali route, i.e., a glassy phase contenting hydroxyapatite crystals as residues. Iron-containing glasses were also obtained, and it was verified that iron diffusion the glass structure led to a 3Q2 ¨ 2Q3 silicate population conversion, suggesting an intermediate role for iron ions. Thermal treatment in the iron-containing glasses up to 670¿C induced to a hematite nanocrystals nucleation, which makes the glasses to exhibit superparamagnetic properties. .In Part II, the glasses were obtained through quick-alkali route, where magnetic nanoparticles were dispersed during the synthesis. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD, DSC, Raman spectroscopy and field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy and VSM-SQUID. Part II results highlighted that glasses containing magnetite nanoparticles exhibiting superparamagnetic properties were obtained. It was noted that a clustering effect of the magnetite nanoparticles affected dipole-dipole interactions. In addition, along the synthesis, magnetite underwent oxidation, which diminished the saturation moment, but it does not prevent the use of such materials for hyperthermia purposes. Finally, the overall results of both parts (I and II) indicated that promising materials for hyperthermia applications were obtained.

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