中國大陸自一九七八年之後，展開了一連串的經濟改革，而金融改革則是其中的主要重點。 　　金融改革的主要目的，是企圖透過組織結構上的改良，來強化其集資之能力，以解決中國大陸經濟發展中，資金不足的問題。經濟發展需要以穩定的資金作為支持，中國大陸的資金困境不是其資金量的不足，而是資金調撥效率的低落，使得無法在即時、適時的條件下，將資金移交至需求者的手上，而此即是金融體制的問題。金融體制改革的結果使得大陸已經產生了金融深化，而金融深化將導致資金問題的獲得解決，也緩和了經濟發展中資金不足的現象。

Investment fund as an investment company with variable capital Abstract The diploma thesis deals with an investment company with variable capital ("SICAV"), with its status and specialities. SICAV which is basically a special kind of a public limited company differs from a regular public limited company in many ways which puts high demands on the legislator who has to be precious while accepting new legislation, especially the tax legislation, not to make gaps and contradictions at the law. In the introductory part, the thesis describes a significant specialities of SICAV, then it tries to find a problematic provisions of the law with respect to SICAV. Then the thesis aims to resolving of such problematic provisions, which is made especially by a method of analysis, and others methods commonly used to interpretation of legal texts. The first part of the thesis aims to definition of SICAV as an investment fund. The difference between funds of collective investment and funds of qualified (professional) investors, which are two main categories of investment funds in the Czech law, are highlighted here. Some of characters are analysed in more detail here as well. Especially the principle of publicity needs to be adjudicated in relation to every single sub-fund of SICAV independently. When it comes to analysis...

Spécificité légale, introduite dans notre droit positif par la loi du 24 juillet 1867, la variabilité du capital social demeure encore de nos jours trop méconnue et devrait, de fait, être érigée au rang des curiosités juridiques. On ne saurait objecter pareil constat en ce que le législateur lui-même ne semble pas lui porter un incommensurable intérêt. En effet, en ce que la variabilité du capital ne résulte que de l’adoption, par une forme sociale de droit commun, d’une simple clause statutaire, ce dernier n’a semble-t-il pas jugé indispensable d’édicter un régime juridique précis et autonome en sa faveur. Aussi, devrait-on y voir ici une renonciation certaine du législateur à la création d’une nouvelle forme sociale ne faisant, en conséquence, que renforcer la singularité dont elle fait l’objet. Toujours est-il que s’arrêter à une telle acception serait réducteur en ce que cette approche desservirait inexorablement la spécificité prévue aux articles L. 231-1 à L. 231-8 du Code de commerce et notamment quant aux nombreuses possibilités qu’elle octroie tant à la société se dotant de la spécificité légale qu’aux associés la composant / Legal specificity, introduced into our substantive law in July 24th, 1867, the variability of the share capital is still too unknown even today and should in fact be raised to the ranks of legal curiosities. We could not object such report in the fact that the legislator does not seem himself to carry him immense one interest. Indeed, the fact that the variability of the capital only results from the adoption, by a social form of common law, of a simple statutory clause, the latter does not see it necessary to enact a specific and independent legal regime in its favour. Also, should the legislator object to the creation of a new social form, it will consequently only reinforce the peculiarity of such objection. The fact remains that to stop such acceptance would be reducing in the fact that this approach would serve inexorably the specificity outlined in articles L. 231-1 in L. 231-8 of the commercial law in particular as for the numerous possibilities that she grants as long to the company being equipped with the legal specificity that to the partners making up her

Investment Company with Variable Capital (SICAV) The thesis elaborates on the Czech regulation of the investment company with variable capital ("SICAV"). It is divided into six chapters. In chapter one, the theory of collective investments and its practice in the Czech Republic is described, along with data of the use of SICAVs. Next, the legislation concerning SICAVs, and reasons for its introduction, are summarised. Chapter three includes the definition of Czech SICAV and its features as an investment fund and join-stock company. In chapter four, the variability of its capital is discussed in broader context of the Czech law system, which is based on a different conceptual approach, and also the capital requirements of SICAVs are mentioned. Chapter five concerns with the obligatory division of assets of Czech SICAVs, leading to the last chapter describing the founders' and investment shares, and rights of shareholders tied to them. The primary aim of the thesis, in context of an absence of any thorough publications on Czech SICAVs, is to provide a comprehensive description of the distinctive character of Czech SICAVs, and on this basis to point out the parts of legislation that are not set appropriately. In these cases, a specific interpretation of problematic parts of regulation is suggested, and in case...