Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoSM.pdf: 5804329 bytes, checksum: 9deae83693b85d7c92acfe8d4535dbbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-07-21 / This work analyses a study on natural ventilation and its relation to the urban legislation versus the building types in an urban fraction of coastal area of Praia do Meio in the city of Natal/RN, approaching the type or types of land use most appropriate to this limited urban fraction. The objective of this study is to analyse the effects of the present legislation as well as the types of buildings in this area on the natural ventilation. This urban fraction was selected because it is one of the sites from where the wind flows into the city of Natal. This research is based on the hypothesis stating that the reduction on the porosity of the urban soil (decrease in the set back/boundary clearance), and an increase in the form (height of the buildings) rise the level of the ventilation gradient, consequently causing a reduction on the wind speed at the lowest part of the buildings. Three-dimensional computational models were used to produce the modes of occupation allowed in the urban fraction within the area under study. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was also used to analyse the modes of land occupation. Following simulation, a statistical assessment was carried out for validation of the hypothesis. It was concluded that the reduction in the soil porosity as a consequence of the rates that defined the minimum boundary clearance between the building and the boundary of the plot (and consequently the set back), as well as the increase in the building form (height of the buildings) caused a reduction in the wind speed, thus creating heat islands / Analisa um estudo da ventila??o natural e sua rela??o com as prescri??es urban?sticas x tipologia edil?cia numa fra??o urbana da Orla da Praia do Meio em Natal/RN, abordando qual ou quais usos mais se adequam ? fra??o urbana delimitada. Tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos das normas e das tipologias edil?cias sobre a ventila??o natural. A fra??o urbana foi escolhida por ser uma das ?reas de entrada dos ventos em Natal/RN. A pesquisa parte da hip?tese de que a redu??o da porosidade da malha urbana (diminui??o dos recuos) e o aumento do gabarito (altura das edifica??es), elevam o n?vel do gradiente de ventila??o, reduzindo conseq?entemente a velocidade dos ventos nas camadas mais baixas das edifica??es. A abordagem foi desenvolvida atrav?s de modelos computacionais tridimensionais, produzindo os modos de ocupa??o permitidos na fra??o urbana da ?rea de estudo, submetidos posteriormente ? an?lise computacional em software de Mec?nica de Fluidos. Ap?s simula??o, realizou-se avalia??o estat?stica, para valida??o das hip?teses. Concluiu-se que a diminui??o da porosidade em conseq??ncia da redu??o dos ?ndices que definem os afastamentos m?nimos (recuos) entre o edif?cio e o limite do lote (e conseq?entemente entre os edif?cios), e o aumento do gabarito das edifica??es (altura da edifica??o) reduziram a velocidade dos ventos, possibilitando assim a forma??o de ilhas de calor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SilenoCT.pdf: 2677839 bytes, checksum: ab606ee9a9e47606999ca5cf548141a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Natural air ventilation is the most import passive strategy to provide thermal comfort in hot and humid climates and a significant low energy strategy. However, the natural ventilated building requires more attention with the architectural design than a conventional building with air conditioning systems, and the results are less reliable. Therefore, this thesis focuses on softwares and methods to predict the natural ventilation performance from the point of view of the architect, with limited resource and knowledge of fluid mechanics. A typical prefabricated building was modelled due to its simplified geometry, low cost and occurrence at the local campus. Firstly, the study emphasized the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, to simulate the air flow outside and inside the building. A series of approaches were developed to make the simulations possible, compromising the results fidelity. Secondly, the results of CFD simulations were used as the input of an energy tool, to simulate the thermal performance under different rates of air renew. Thirdly, the results of temperature were assessed in terms of thermal comfort. Complementary simulations were carried out to detail the analyses. The results show the potentialities of these tools. However the discussions concerning the simplifications of the approaches, the limitations of the tools and the level of knowledge of the average architect are the major contribution of this study / A ventila??o natural se constitui no principal recurso passivo para obten??o do conforto t?rmico em climas quentes e ?midos, al?m de promover a redu??o do consumo energ?tico com condicionamento artificial. Entretanto, existem restri??es ao seu uso por parte dos arquitetos por n?o haver garantias de que ela possa resolver os problemas de conforto t?rmico, quando comparada aos sistemas artificiais. Nesse sentido, decidiu-se investigar formas de prever o comportamento da ventila??o natural atrav?s de ferramentas de simula??o computacional, visando auxiliar a decis?o arquitet?nica. O objeto de estudo ? o edif?cio pr?fabricado tipo galp?o devido ?s suas caracter?sticas geom?tricas e ? freq??ncia de uso na regi?o, especificamente no campus universit?rio central da UFRN. Foi utilizado um programa de din?mica de fluidos (Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD) e um de simula??o do comportamento t?rmico e energ?tico de edifica??es (energy tool - ET). A pesquisa priorizou a discuss?o dos procedimentos necess?rios para viabilizar as an?lises da ventila??o em galp?es. Durante seu desenvolvimento, ? mostrado como o m?todo teve que ser adequado ? complexidade de sucessivas abordagens, resultando em simplifica??es e incertezas de resultados. Para exemplificar a abordagem s?o apresentados alguns resultados de simula??es. Ao final, as limita??es e potencialidades do m?todo s?o discutidas com base nas caracter?sticas dos c?digos de simula??es utilizados, das condi??es de simula??o e da representatividade dos modelos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlaVAA_DISSERT.pdf: 2142966 bytes, checksum: f27e228632d91fbeefdb35962decdcfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The building envelope is the principal mean of interaction between indoors and environment, with direct influence on thermal and energy performance of the building. By intervening in the envelope, with the proposal of specific architectural elements, it is possible to promote the use of passive strategies of conditioning, such as natural ventilation. The cross ventilation is recommended by the NBR 15220-3 as the bioclimatic main strategy for the hot and humid climate of Natal/RN, offering among other benefits, the thermal comfort of occupants. The analysis tools of natural ventilation, on the other hand, cover a variety of techniques, from the simplified calculation methods to computer fluid dynamics, whose limitations are discussed in several papers, but without detailing the problems encountered. In this sense, the present study aims to evaluate the potential of wind catchers, envelope elements used to increase natural ventilation in the building, through CFD simplified simulation. Moreover, it seeks to quantify the limitations encountered during the analysis. For this, the procedure adopted to evaluate the elements implementation and efficiency was the CFD simulation, abbreviation for Computer Fluid Dynamics, with the software DesignBuilder CFD. It was defined a base case, where wind catchers were added with various settings, to compare them with each other and appreciate the differences in flows and air speeds encountered. Initially there has been done sensitivity tests for familiarization with the software and observe simulation patterns, mapping the settings used and simulation time for each case simulated. The results show the limitations encountered during the simulation process, as well as an overview of the efficiency and potential of wind catchers, with the increase of ventilation with the use of catchers, differences in air flow patterns and significant increase in air speeds indoors, besides changes found due to different element geometries. It is considered that the software used can help designers during preliminary analysis in the early stages of design / A envolt?ria da edifica??o consiste no principal meio de intera??o entre ambiente e exterior, com influ?ncia direta no desempenho t?rmico e energ?tico do edif?cio. Atrav?s da interven??o na envolt?ria, com a proposi??o de elementos arquitet?nicos espec?ficos, ? poss?vel promover o uso de estrat?gias passivas de condicionamento, a exemplo da ventila??o natural. A ventila??o cruzada ? recomendada pela NBR 15220-3 como principal estrat?gia bioclim?tica para o clima quente e ?mido de Natal/RN, oferecendo dentre outros benef?cios, o conforto t?rmico dos ocupantes. As ferramentas de an?lise da ventila??o natural, por sua vez, abrangem diversas t?cnicas, desde m?todos de c?lculos simplificados a simula??es computacionais de fluidos, cujas limita??es s?o discutidas em diversos trabalhos, por?m sem detalhamento dos problemas encontrados. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem objetivo de avaliar o potencial dos captadores de vento, elementos de envolt?ria aplicados para incremento da ventila??o natural na edifica??o, atrav?s de simula??o simplificada em CFD. Al?m disto, busca quantificar as limita??es encontradas durante as an?lises. Para tanto, o procedimento adotado para avaliar a aplica??o e efici?ncia dos elementos foi a simula??o computacional em CFD, sigla em ingl?s para Computer Fluid Dynamics, no software DesignBuilder CFD. Foi definido um caso base, onde se acrescentaram captadores de vento com diversas configura??es, para compar?-los entre si e avaliar as diferen?as no fluxo e velocidades do ar encontradas. Inicialmente deu-se prosseguimento a testes de sensibilidade para familiariza??o com o software e observar padr?es de simula??o, com mapeamento das configura??es utilizadas e tempo de simula??o de cada caso simulado. Os resultados mostram as limita??es encontradas durante o processo de simula??o, assim como um panorama da efici?ncia e do potencial dos captadores de vento, com o incremento da ventila??o com a utiliza??o dos captadores, diferen?as nos padr?es de fluxo de ar e aumento consider?vel das velocidades do ar no interior do ambiente, al?m de altera??es encontradas em fun??o das diferentes geometrias do elemento. Considera-se que o software utilizado pode auxiliar projetistas durante an?lises preliminares em fases iniciais do projeto

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-12T20:24:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-16T20:05:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-16T20:05:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoFechineTorresClemente_DISSERT.pdf: 35056002 bytes, checksum: 41ba19bd8f6d578f57a68b5233e5a621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 / Alguns s?tios na cidade de Natal/RN possuem agrad?veis condi??es de ventila??o natural, no entanto, as edifica??es constru?das dependem excessivamente de sistemas de ar-condicionado para renova??o do ar, muitas vezes fruto de um planejamento inadequado que n?o prioriza aspectos do conforto ambiental. Sendo assim, o trabalho a seguir trata-se do anteprojeto arquitet?nico de um novo ambulat?rio para o Hospital Universit?rio Onofre Lopes com ?nfase na aplica??o de estrat?gias passivas de ventila??o natural com objetivo de promover um maior n?mero de trocas de ar no interior dos ambientes. O pr?dio possui uma ?rea constru?da de 31.998,97m?, distribu?dos ao longo de 10 pavimentos, sendo um t?rreo e mais 06 andares superiores, al?m de tr?s subsolos, a ser edificado na ?rea 01 do Campus Biom?dico da Sa?de, localizado no Bairro de Petr?polis. A ado??o do partido arquitet?nico levou em considera??o uma s?rie de condicionantes tais como topografia do terreno, dire??o e velocidade dos ventos predominantes, sistema construtivo, al?m daquelas de ordem normativas, com destaque para NBR-15220 e C?digo de Combate a Inc?ndio. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos adotados envolveram o c?lculo do fluxo e n?mero de trocas de ar por hora nas salas de espera, consult?rios e mecanoterapia/termoterapia que foram registrados em mem?rias de c?lculo, para o qual foi necess?rio o conhecimento das velocidades dos ventos no interior dos ambientes analisados, de dados obtidos na base de dados do Laborat?rio de Conforto Ambiental da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, al?m da utiliza??o de refer?ncias bibliogr?ficas sobre o tema do conforto t?rmico. Os resultados obtidos mostram que as estrat?gias de ventila??o cruzada aplicadas no projeto, tais como utiliza??o de sheds na cobertura para captar o vento em dire??o a po?os de ventila??o, aliados a ?trios internos e loca??o de aberturas em pontos opostos com diferentes coeficientes de press?o, dimensionadas e sombreadas adequadamente, provocam um aumento no fluxo e n?mero de trocas de ar por hora no interior dos ambientes quando comparado ? ventila??o unilateral. Dessa forma permite-se que cada um seja ocupado por uma maior quantidade de pessoas, requisito esse importante para a funcionalidade do pr?dio, j? que o hospital trata-se de uma institui??o de ensino. Dessa forma, potencializa-se o uso da ventila??o natural e cria-se as condi??es para minimizar o consumo de ar condicionado, que contribui para o planejamento de uma arquitetura com mais efici?ncia energ?tica. / Some sites in the city of Natal / RN have pleasant conditions of natural ventilation, however, the built buildings rely heavily on air conditioning systems for air renovation, often the result of inadequate planning that does not prioritize aspects of environmental comfort. Therefore, the following work deals with the architectural design of a new outpatient clinic for the University Hospital Onofre Lopes, with emphasis on the application of passive strategies of natural ventilation with the objective of promoting a greater number of air changes within the environments. The building has a built area of 31,998.97m?, distributed over 10 floors, one ground floor and a further six floors, in addition to three basements, to be built in area 01 of the Biomedical Health Campus, located in the Petropolis District. The adoption of the architectural party took into account a series of constraints such as topography of the terrain, direction and speed of prevailing winds, construction system, besides those of normative order, especially NBR-15220 and Fire Code. The methodological procedures adopted involved calculating the flow and number of air changes per hour in the waiting rooms, clinics and mechanotherapy / thermotherapy that were recorded in calculation memories, for which it was necessary to know the velocities of the winds inside the environments analyzed, from data obtained from the Laboratory of Environmental Comfort of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, in addition to the use of bibliographical references on the topic of thermal comfort. The results show that the cross ventilation strategies applied in the design, such as the use of sheds in the roof to capture the wind towards ventilation wells, allied to internal atria and rent of openings in opposite points with different pressure coefficients, dimensioned and properly shaded, cause an increase in the flow and number of air changes per hour inside the environments when compared to unilateral ventilation. In this way, each one is allowed to be occupied by a larger number of people, a requirement that is important for the functionality of the building, since the hospital is a teaching institution. In this way, the use of natural ventilation is potentiated and conditions are created to minimize the consumption of air conditioning, which contributes to the planning of a more energy efficient architecture.