Automatic control technology increases usability, reliability and productivity in manufacturing, transportation, and climate control. There are many additional areas of modern life that could benefit through automatic control; however, current automation components are too expensive or aren't sufficiently flexible. For example, the cost of current commercial motion control components precludes their use in an average home. This thesis describes an automatic control methodology that is low cost and is flexible enough for a wide variety of control applications. Typical applications could include: - Home lighting, security and appliances - Commercial building heating, ventilation and air conditioning - Industrial machine tool and process control This automation methodology eliminates several expensive and inflexible aspects of present-day industrial automation. This is accomplished by implementing application-specific control algorithms in software run on a generic computer rather than on purpose-built hardware. This computer calculates control values for each control application connected to it via real-time communication network. This technique is similar to that of a desktop PC. When using a peripheral device, such as a printer or scanner, the PC executes device driver software to calculate control values for the devices. These values are communicated to the device over a shared bus. The automation methodology described here seeks to emulate this software-based control paradigm. This methodology reduces cost and increases flexibility in two ways. First, it eliminates application-specific control hardware and replaces it with software. This reduces the cost by eliminating the need for unique, proprietary control hardware for each product or system. Second, the software approach increases flexibility. For example, one could download a new clothes washing machine cycle via the Internet. Software control provides considerable freedom in designing and implementing control systems by allowing the designer to change system functionality without having to replace or modify hardware or even be present at the location where the control system is used. This thesis describes the development of this new control methodology. To validate its performance a home automation system is implemented. This implementation included control of laundry appliances, lighting, TV and other common household devices.

Abstract The primary aim of learning English as a second or foreign language is to develop learners’ communication skills and prepare them to use English effectively in multi-dimensional domains. Yet, major approaches and practices of actual second language learning are often related to a simplistic perspective on communication that fails to take into account the cultural and intercultural aspects of the English language as a global communication tool, i.e., a lingua franca. In contrast, this study provides insights into best practices for language teaching in diverse classroom settings by exploring how digital teaching materials can be utilized to develop intercultural competence, since today's learning materials are increasingly becoming digital. More specifically, the study focused on investigating the potential of digital teaching materials for enhancing intercultural competence among young English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners in Swedish primary schools, grades 4-6. The study employs a descriptive and analytical approach to digital learning materials and found that digital learning materials can potentially develop intercultural competence among young EFL learners. Such materials promise to allow learners to learn about other cultures and engage in activities promoting intercultural communication and critical cultural awareness. The findings of this study have important implications for all stakeholders in education, including language teachers in primary schools, publishers, and developers of (digital) learning content.

The aim of this master´s thesis is to capture and describe the perceptions and opinions of selected entrepreneurs on leadership in small and medium enterprises. In the theoretical part is outlined the development of leadership, its characteristics, styles and approaches. Among the approaches are the Situational leadership II, Transformational leadership, Authentic leadership and Versatile leadership. Using qualitative research through a semi-structured interview and a written survey, the main factors of the selected approaches that are most frequently encountered in the management of the respondents are described, and the use of the given approach relative to the whole sample is then evaluated. In conclusion, this work focuses on the individual assessment of the versatility of the styles of selected entrepreneurs.

Dissertation deals with Generation Y and its position in the corporate environment and in the labor market. The selected issue is very topical because of increasing structural and cyclical unemployment among young people. In preparing the dissertation, we departed from theoretical findings acquired by studying Czech and foreign monographs, articles published in journals, other electronic resources and, most importantly, primary research conducted. The main objective of the dissertation to gain new knowledge about Generation Y, which would lead to a more effective inclusion of young people (especially graduates) into practice with the use of new management methods in the adaptation and stabilization of a young employee in the job, with focus on future employees with economic expertise. In order to achieve the main objective, 4 sub-objectives and 4 research questions with relevant hypotheses were set. Based on an analysis of the theoretical basis and secondary data, a schema of adaptation and stabilization of a young employee was created. The primary research conducted then combines quantitative and qualitative approaches for the analysis and description of each part. The research results are presented in the form of partial conclusions characterizing each area as well as in the form of a summarizing conclusion placed in a broader context in a comparison with the determined state of current scientific knowledge. The dissertation includes contributions to science and research, business practice and teaching as well as a proposal of continuation of research activities.

Dans ce mémoire, je présenterai les outils que nous avons développés dans le cadre de ma maîtrise. Tout d'abord, je présenterai un outil d'analyse de données génomiques nommé Versatile Aggregrate Profiler (VAP). Ensuite, je présenterai un outil d'identification de profils agrégés similaires nommé vap_sim ainsi que la méthodologie utilisée afin d'obtenir un paramétrage adéquat de l'outil pouvant s'adapter assez facilement aux différents profils agrégés. Au troisième chapitre, je présenterai un outil de validation de formats génomiques nommé Genomic Format Validator (GFV) permettant d'identifier simplement et rapidement les erreurs de structure et de logique dans un fichier de données génomiques. Finalement, au dernier chapitre, je présenterai trois outils complémentaires à VAP.

Depuis environ cinq ans, les systèmes hybrides neurosymboliques (SHNS) combinent réseaux de neurones artificiels et systèmes symboliques (systèmes à base de connaissances), dans le but de profiter de leurs points forts respectifs. Nous présentons une taxonomie des nombreux SHNS existants, selon deux points de vue, le degré de couplage (faible, étroit, fort) et le type d'interactions (pré/post-traitement, sous-traitance, coopération, méta-traitement). La taxonomie comprend aussi deux approches moins hybrides de l'intégration des caractéristiques des réseaux de neurones et des systèmes symboliques, l'approche purement neuronale et celle fondée sur des traductions. Nous étudions ensuite un SHNS existant, SYNHESYS, et examinons ses possibilités d'application en micro-électronique et en géographie alpine. Puis nous proposons une nouvelle architecture hybride, NESSY3L, et son application au pilotage réactif d'un robot mobile. L'architecture comporte trois niveaux coopérants, neuronal pur, neurosymbolique, symbolique pur, et a été intégrée dans le simulateur de robot MOLUSC. Cette architecture offre des perspectives intéressantes pour les SHNS, dont la prise en compte du temps, le développement de mécanismes inter-niveaux et l'évolution vers un couplage fort, l'utilisation d'idées provenant des autres approches de l'intégration neurosymbolique.

Two main approaches to achieve reliable data transfer over error-prone networks are retransmission and Forward Error Correction (FEC). Retransmission techniques retransmit packets when they are lost or despaired, causing significant delays, especially on multihop connections. On the contrary, to reduce latency FEC sends redundant data together with the original one. In particular, FEC through Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) reduces the number of distinct packet transmissions in a network and minimizes packet transmissions due to poor network conditions. Consequently, RLNC has the potential to both improve energy efficiency and reduce the overall latency in a network. Fulcrum network coding (FNC), proposed as an RLNC's variation, has partly solved the challenge of heterogeneous communication networks by providing two-layer coding, enabling the destinations to decode packets based on their computing capabilities. However, coding parameters are statically chosen before data transmission, while using feedback or retransmission is impractical in rapidly changing network conditions. FNC is unadaptable to the available capabilities of nodes in a network and thus negatively impacts the coding performance. The main objective of this thesis is to design a versatile network coding scheme supporting heterogeneous communication networks that allow a node to adjust and adapt the coding process depending on the network condition and computing capabilities of the node. The research also focuses on reducing computational complexity in nodes while maintaining a high successful decoding probability and employing as simple operations as possible in intermediate nodes. Particularly, three main approaches are investigated in a source, intermediate, and destination node to achieve the objectives. First, the research examines both static and dynamic combinations of original packets in the encoding process by proposing dynamic sparsity and expansion packets (DSEP). This scheme significantly increases the coding throughput at both source and destination. Second, a new recoding scheme is proposed to manage the number of packets stored and recoded. Thus, this recoding scheme reduces memory usage and computing complexity at intermediate nodes, processing huge traffic. Finally, the research proposes adaptive decoding algorithms, which allow the destinations to choose the proper decoder depending on the network conditions. These algorithms improve the decoding probability in an unreliable network while reducing the computational complexity in a reliable network. For each proposed approach, both mathematical analysis and practical implementation were performed. Especially, the implementation leverages Kodo, a well-known network coding library for simulation and real-time implementation using during the last decade.:Abstract Acknowledgements List of Tables List of Figures Abbreviations and Symbols 1 Introduction 1.1 Fundamentals 1.2 Research motivation 1.3 Objectives 1.4 Methodology 1.5 Main contributions 1.5.1 Summary 1.5.2 List of publications 1.6 Thesis organization 2 Background and Related Work 2.1 RLNC and its variations 2.2 FNC: General principles and coding specification 2.2.1 General principles 2.2.2 Encoding specification 2.2.3 Decoding specification 2.3 Related work 2.4 Analysis of FNC performance 2.4.1 Preliminaries: MDS outer code property for theoretical analysis 2.4.2 Delay modelling: Number of required packet receptions for decoding 2.4.3 Decoding probability 2.4.4 Decoding probability for broadcast to heterogeneous destinations 2.4.5 Overhead 2.4.6 Throughput 2.5 Summary and discussion 3 Sparse Fulcrum Network Coding 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Encoding and decoding implementations 3.2.1 Encoding implementation 3.2.2 Decoding implementation 3.3 Integrating sparsity into FNC 3.3.1 Sparse inner and outer encoding 3.3.2 Sparse recoding and decoding 3.3.3 Evaluation setup 3.3.4 Throughput results 3.3.5 Decoding probability results 3.4 Summary 4 DSEP Fulcrum: Dynamic Expansion Packets and Sparsity 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Probability of linearly independent coded packets 4.3 Dynamic sparsity and expansion packets 4.3.1 Dynamic sparsity 4.3.2 Dynamic expansion packets 4.3.3 Sparsity level as a function of number of expansion packets and decoder rank 4.4 DSEP schemes 4.4.1 Example scheme: Dynamic sparsity with expansion packets region-based 4.4.2 Example scheme: Dynamic sparsity with expansion packets stepping up 4.5 Evaluation of DSEP schemes 4.5.1 Throughput results 4.5.2 Decoding probability results 4.5.3 Impact of feedback and packet losses 4.5.4 Energy consumption in IoT devices 4.6 Summary 5 Exploring Benefits of Recoding 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Recoding principle 5.3 Recoding scheme 5.3.1 General idea 5.3.2 An unlimited buffer recoding 5.3.3 A limited buffer recoding 5.4 Evaluation 5.4.1 Coding overhead 5.4.2 Recoding and decodinEvaluation.5 Summary 6 Adaptive Decoding for Fulcrum Codes 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Adaptive Fulcrum decoder 6.2.1 Motivating example 6.2.2 Adaptive Fulcrum decoding algorithm 6.3. Advanced adaptive Fulcrum decoder 6.3.1 Principles 6.3.2 Advanced adaptive Fulcrum decoding algorithm 6.4 Analysis 6.4.1 Decoding delay 6.4.2 Decoding probability 6.4.3 Overhead 6.5 Evaluation of adaptive Fulcrum decoding algorithms 6.5.1 Performance metrics 6.5.2 Evaluation results 6.6 Summary 7 Conclusion and Future Work 7.1 Summary and main contributions 7.2 Future work A Reed-Solomon Outer Code: Proof of Full Rank Property of Remapped Packets Bibliography

Nowadays, we witness a crisis in the suburbs of Czech cities. Block of flats have expanded uncontrollably on the outskirts of cities and greedily bite off pieces of land. Hence this project represents a call for more proficient urban planning, rather than an architectural appeal. My main goal was to build as little as possible on the land in Kohoutovice. I believe that using free area around and above the existing supermarket can provide enough comfortable working space for everyone.

Title: Analysis of selected moving skills of girls in Prague volleyball preparation Objectives: The aim of this work is based on repeated testing to analyze the level of selected moving skills of girls in Prague volleyball preparation. Methods: There was carried out two outdoor measurements of six moving skills of girls in Prague volleyball preparation. The results were summarized in tables and graphs and compared with each other using the average method. Results: It was found, that the optimal composition of volleyball preparation are girls aged 6- 9 years. This age range is identical to the sensitive period, that is most suitable for the development of moving skills and abilities. Key words: volleyball, moving ability, moving skills, children of younger school age, sports training, trainer, versatile physical training, motor tests

A história educacional brasileira constitui-se de muita discussão e de uma ampla legislação educacional, que em sua maioria tem se tornando letra morta nas escolas. Assim a construção de uma escola pública democrática, inclusiva, crítica, reflexiva e de qualidade para todos, é ainda hoje, um enorme desafio. Desafio no qual o professor polivalente dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental representa um elemento imprescindível, mas não o único. É ele o profissional que trabalha diária e diretamente na formação da base da escolaridade das crianças da escola pública. Tendo o professor polivalente como objeto deste estudo, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujo objetivo é ressignificar a importância do papel do professor polivalente dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental da escola pública na atual conjuntura da sociedade brasileira, destacando seus saberes e os problemas na sua formação. Para alcançar esse objetivo, a pesquisa envolveu estudo bibliográfico, análise documental e entrevista reflexiva com vinte professores polivalentes dos anos iniciais das escolas públicas municipais de Dracena, Junqueirópolis e Tupi Paulista, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os referenciais teóricos principais foram: Saviani, Pimenta, Libâneo, Szymanski, Tardif. Concluímos que os maiores desafios da escola pública são a qualidade do ensino, a realidade social das crianças, a ausência da família na vida escolar dos filhos e a ampliação do papel da escola na questão social. Na atuação do professor polivalente, as alegrias consistem na interação com a criança, no constatar seus avanços e desenvolvimento no processo ensino-aprendizagem. As dificuldades concentram-se, prioritariamente, na ausência da família na escolaridade do filho, na diversidade dos alunos em virtude da democratização do ensino e, em menor intensidade, nas críticas aos cursos de formação de professores e na desvalorização da escola pública e do professor. Quanto aos saberes docentes mais relevantes atualmente, os professores destacaram o saber do conhecimento, saber pedagógico, saber atitudinal e saber organizacional. Na construção desses saberes inúmeros espaços e atividades de formação foram priorizados, como a escola, os cursos de formação inicial e contínua, a interação com outros profissionais que vivenciaram experiências como professores polivalentes. A pesquisa evidenciou a importância do professor polivalente, a urgente necessidade de uma política pública de valorização para esse profissional, principalmente, quanto ao curso de formação inicial, para que forme o professor intelectual crítico reflexivo. / Our history is constituted of a lot of discussion and wide educational legislation, which in its majority has been turning uncommon in schools. The construction of a democratic, critic, reflexive and inclusive public school, with quality for all, is until today, an enormous challenge. The challenges which the versatile initial years of elementary school teachers represent a very important part, but not the only one. It is the teacher the professional who works daily and directly on the basic children formation in public school education. This papers study object is the versatile teacher; it was developed a qualitative research, which aims to re-evaluate the importance of the versatile teacher\'s work in initial years of elementary public school in the conjuncture of Brazilian society nowadays, emphasizing the teachers knowledge and their formation problems. To reach this aim, the research involved bibliographical studies, documental analysis and reflexive interview with twenty versatile teachers of initial years from municipal public schools of Dracena, Junqueirópolis and Tupi Paulista São Paulo States interior cities. The main theoretical references were: Saviani, Pimenta, Libâneo, Szymanski, and Tardif. It was concluded that the public schools biggest challenges are the education quality, the children\'s social reality, the family absence in the children\'s school life and the enlargement of the school responsibilities in the social subject. In the versatile teacher\'s performance the success consists of the interaction with the child and of verifying their progresses and development in the teaching-learning process. The difficulties concentrate mainly on the family absence in the children\'s education, in the students\' diversity as a result of teaching democratization and, with less intensity, in the critics to the teachers\' formation courses along with public school and teacher depreciation. With reference to the more relevant teachers knowledge nowadays, they emphasized the knowledge of knowing, pedagogic knowledge, attitudinal and organizational knowledge. In the construction of this knowledge, many places and formation activities were prioritized, such as the school, the initial and continuous formation courses, and the interaction with other professionals that lived experiences as versatile teachers. The research evidenced the versatile teacher\'s importance; the urgent need of public politic of valorization for this professional, mainly for the initial formation course, so that it forms the intellectual critical reflexive teacher.