Vinyl records have re-emerged as the preferred format for music fans and artists alike. The problem is that producing vinyl records is slow and expensive; this makes it difficult for up-and-coming artists to release their music on vinyl. What if you could make your own records at home?

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2009. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-91). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Chemistry, March 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

The study deals with the formulation development and thermorheological properties of crumb rubber/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) modified bitumen with the aim of optimizing the amount of crumb rubber and EVA loadings in bitumen based on thermorheological parameters complex shear modulus, phase angle and rutting parameter. In the modified binders EVA offers plastomer properties whereas the crumb rubber confers elasticity to the bitumen. 13.75% crumb rubber and 2.5% EVA loadings based on aging indices gave the best optimized mixture. The thermorheological behaviour of the best optimized mixture was compared to industrial grade EVA (AP-1) and crumb rubber (AR-1) modified bitumen. Improving aging behaviour of the bitumen was evaluated using four antioxidants: carbon black, hydrated lime, Irganox 1010 and Irgafos 168. The least aging indices at 58˚C and 64˚C were obtained from a 1:1:1 Irganox 1010/hydrated lime/carbon black mixture. SARA (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltene) analysis gave the chemical background for application of antioxidants to reduce the propensity of short term aging. To further improve the EVA/crumb rubber optimized mixture for workability FT wax (Sasobit®) was assayed at loadings from 0-2.5%. This was done to match the EVA content and maintain the original maximum loading of 2.5% in the optimized mixture. The phase change abilities of FT wax owing to the high latent heat enabled co-crystallization with the EVA with the elastomeric backbone of crumb rubber acting as support material. The energy-sustainability nexus was found to have worked at less than 1% loading of FT wax in the EVA/crumb rubber modified bitumen. Response surface methodology approach to all the sections of work was used to come up with the optimized mixtures based on rheological parameters complex shear modulus, phase angle and rutting parameter at test temperature 64˚C. The interaction chemistry of bitumen, crumb rubber, EVA and FT wax was found to be first and second order in all cases involving individual contributions and co-interaction amongst the factors. Project costing for each section of work (optimizing section, antioxidant section and FT wax section) was conducted involving the raw materials used, equipment used, labour involved and other costs incurred for all the project work.

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This thesis describes the preparation and thermal rearrangement, via homo-[l,5]-hydrogen migration, of a series of unsymmetrically substituted bicyclic and tricyclic vinylcyclo-propanes (65a)-(67a), (68b), (69), (70), (71a), (72a), (74)-(76) and (77a). In each of these compounds two hydrogen atoms one (H[sub=C]) adjacent to the substituent and the other (H[sub=J]) more distant from it - are suitably disposed to undergo homo-[1,5]-hydrogen migration. It was found that an oxygen substituent retarded the rate of homo-[l,5]-migration of the hydrogen atom (H[sub=C]) adjacent to it relative to that of the other more remote hydrogen atom (H[sub=J]) The retarding effect appeared to be dependent on the structure of the oxy-substituted vinylcyclopropane as well as on the nature of the oxygen substituent. A methyl substituent exerted a negligible, retarding effect on the rate of migration of while phenyl and trimethylsilyl groups accelerated the rate of migration of H[sub=C] relative to that of H[sub=J]. The results are consistent with the proposal that in the transition state for the homo-[1,5]-hydrogen migration the carbon centre bearing the migrating hydrogen atom develops a partial negative charge. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

The first section of this thesis describes three model studies involving the synthesis of the divinylcyclopropanes (135), (136), and (137) and the subsequent thermal rearrangement of these compounds to provide the interesting tricyclic compounds (139), (140), and (141). [Formula Omitted] The second section of this thesis describes a formal total synthesis of the antitumor sesquiterpenoid (±)-quadrone (34). The synthesis is based on the chemistry developed in the model studies and involves the thermal rearrangement of the divinylcyclopropane (304) as the key step. The resulting product, compound (305), is- subsequently elaborated into the keto aldehyde (230), and since compound (230) has previously been converted into (t)-quadrone (34) by Burke and coworkers,¹⁰¹ the isolation of (230) comprises a formal total synthesis of the sesquiterpenoid. [Formula Omitted] The third section of this thesis describes a study involving the facile vinylmethylenecyclopropane rearrangement of enolates derived from various 7-exo-vinylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-2-ones. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate

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