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No description available.

The judicial response to family violence in Montreal during the period 1825 to 1850 was marked by paradox. The criminal justice system, driven by private prosecutors, limited the ability of some victims to seek the law's protection, but it allowed others to exercise considerable discretion and influence over the pursuit of justice. The legal response to the crimes of infanticide, child abuse, domestic violence, and spousal murder was equally contradictory. Infanticide may have been depicted as a horrific crime, but the call for justice was never strong. Society became increasingly sensitive to the notion that parents should be held accountable for causing injury to children, but a belief in the sanctity of the family was still paramount. When child abuse cases did come before courts, children were often accorded the same legal remedies by courts as were adult victims. Similarly, while the issue of family violence was not then a widespread societal concern, and while the notion that a wife was subordinate to her husband remained a prominent part of early-Victorian life, hundreds of abused wives prosecuted their husbands for assault. Those cases reflect not only that abused wives were contesting their partner's use of violence, but also that courts were willing to intervene. Spousal murder cases were further evidence of contradiction: women were subject to heightened legal penalties for killing their partners, but their gender also insulated them from the full severity of the law. / In a period before the sweeping public movements that developed in the last several decades of the nineteenth century, courts were forced to grapple with family violence because private prosecutors brought those issues before them. In their willingness to hear cases involving infanticide, child abuse, domestic violence, and spousal murder, courts made public some of Victorian Montreal's darkest secrets. While the privately-driven system of justice was slowly to erode over the intervening decades, that erosion was to coincide with the rise of public crusades against child-cruelty, domestic violence, and other social issues. The visibility of family violence likely fueled, and in turn was fueled by, those social movements.

Despite increasing interest on the topic of violence in intimate relationships, research exploring the experiences of same sex domestic violence among lesbians from "ethno-racial" communities remains considerably rare. In this qualitative study, semi structured interviews were conducted with four (4) lesbians (one experiencer, one aggressor and two community workers) and one heterosexual shelter worker. The aim was to explore the intersections of gender, "race"/ethnic group, and sexual orientation and their impact upon the experience of violence. The accounts of the participants demonstrated that converging identities and experiences of oppression, such as homophobia, heterosexism, sexism and racism, affect the nature of same sex domestic violence and negatively impact upon the conceptualization of the experience of violence. The attitudes of social workers and other professionals are also identified as being a significant barrier to the help seeking strategies of both experiencers and aggressors.

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L'étude cherche à préciser les corrélats psychosociaux de la violence des hommes envers leur conjointe. La population se compose de 60 couples de langue française du Québec répartis dans le groupe clinique où l'homme est diagnostiqué avoir des comportements violents envers sa conjointe et le groupe contrôle où l'homme ne fait pas l'objet de ce diagnostic. Les agresseurs affichent une attitude très peu stéréotypées envers les rôles des hommes et des femmes, ils s'attribuent beaucoup moins de comportements violents qu'en rapporte sa conjointe et ils affichent plus qu'elle des problèmes psychopathologiques. Ils adoptent un style d'attachement sécurisant et sa conjointe possède généralement un style d'attachement différent du sien. Les couples aux prises avec un problème de violence souffrent de détresse conjugale. La dépression majeure, les antécédents judiciaires et la dépendance à l'alcool sont de bons prédicteurs de violence chez les hommes alors que l'ajustement dyadique et les antécédents judiciaires du conjoint sont de bons prédicteurs.

The purpose of this study is to describe and provide a critical review of a program called peer mediation currently adapted by a Montreal Area Anglophone School Board or MAASB. This program was implemented to address the growing incidence of violence and conflict within MAASB high schools. This study focuses on the objectives that the MAASB established in addressing the problem of violence in their high schools and the peer mediation programs' ability to meet these objectives based on the claims it purports to. Described and examined in this study is the setting in which peer mediation becomes a suitable "response" to conflict and violence in high schools and including: the role and responsibilities of schools; some of the sources and causes of violence; some of the challenges facing adolescents; and the links between violence as the problem, peer mediation as a possible solution, and the role schools play to make this happen. Of specific interest and addressed in this study is whether or not the peer mediation program is resolving violence and conflict at the source, or if the program serves primarily as problem management. Following a qualitative approach to research, observation and interviews were conducted using semi-structured and open-ended methods. This study also includes some recommendations for further research.

No description available.

Différents services d'aide et de soutien sont à la portée des femmes victimes de violence conjugale au Québec. La plupart d'entre eux sont vus comme légitimes, alors que d'autres semblent susciter une polémique. C'est le cas des pratiques réparatrices effectuées en contexte de violence entre partenaires intimes. La difficulté de concevoir qu'une victime de violence conjugale puisse s'engager dans une rencontre dialogue avec son agresseur provient des vifs débats sur l'applicabilité de la justice réparatrice à la complexité des violences faites aux femmes. Cette recherche vise à explorer et documenter les points de vue des intervenantes travaillant en maison d'hébergement pour femmes victimes de violence conjugale en ce qui concerne les programmes de dialogue appartenant au paradigme réparateur. Cette étude qualitative et exploratoire a permis de recueillir des données par l'entremise d'entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées auprès de neuf professionnelles travaillant dans le domaine des violences conjugales et familiales. L'analyse des résultats de notre étude illustre i) la représentation que ces professionnelles se font des dangers et des bénéfices pour les femmes qui s'engagent dans une démarche réparatrice avec leur agresseur, ii) la singularité perçue du phénomène de la violence conjugale, et les conditions qu'elles estiment nécessaires pour rendre plus adéquats les programmes, ainsi que iii) les différentes attentes des intervenantes au regard de l'adaptabilité et de l'adéquation de ces services destinées à leur clientèle. Les résultats permettent enfin de rendre visible les différents contextes dans lesquels œuvrent ces féministes. Ces contextes ont une influence non négligeable dans les perceptions qu'elles arborent vis-à-vis de la justice réparatrice. Afin d'être en mesure de faire reconnaître les démarches réparatrices en contexte de violence conjugale au Québec, les promoteurs de la justice réparatrice doivent ouvrir le dialogue avec les centres d'hébergement pour gagner leur confiance. Ce lieu d'échange permettrait de mieux comprendre l'origine des résistances des intervenantes et d'inclure leur expertise, et ce, en ouvrant à la collaboration et au partenariat avec les milieux féministes.