Aerosols are either emitted directly into the atmosphere or are generated in the atmosphere; the latter process forms secondary organic aerosol (SOA). One of the important sources for SOA is the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by OH radicals, NOx, and O3. Aerosol can be visualized as suspended solid or liquid particle which is in equilibrium with surrounding gases. The products of SOA formation is a mixture of semi volatile organic compounds and a fraction of the products are condensable under atmospheric conditions. The condensable portion of aerosol is called particulate matter (PM) and these suspended particles can range in diameter from a few nanometers to microns. PM can impact climate through direct and indirect radiative forcing and can degrade air quality by reducing visibility and causing detrimental health effects. SOA can also form indoors, which also contributes to the health risk of PM. The severe impact of PM on human health and climate drives the scientific community to investigate the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their potential to form SOA, as well as the factors that alter the efficiency of SOA generation and the type of products. In a similar pursuit, the focus of this dissertation is the investigation of the SOA precursors that are emitted from trees and how they vary as a function of insect infestation. Also, the role of mixtures of VOCs as SOA precursors are investigated; commercial and lab made VOC mixtures are studied for SOA generation, product analysis, and absorption characteristics of aged SOA. Chapter 1 introduces PM, VOCs present in atmosphere, SOA generation, and speciation of products generated from the ozonolysis of VOCs. The impact of PM on human health and climate are summarized. A literature survey on the VOCs that are precursors to SOA and present in the outdoor and indoor environment is presented along with factors that may lead to variability in amount of VOCs. SOA generation from direct plant emissions and consumer products is surveyed. These studies show that VOC oxidation generate SOA which is important in the atmosphere due to climate and health effects and indoors due to health effects. A summary of SOA phase partitioning theories, the reaction mechanism for the formation of products from ozonolysis of the dominant biogenic SOA precursors (monoterpenes), and the factors that affect SOA generation is presented. Chapter 2 summarizes the results obtained from a field study assessing the impact of bark beetle infestation on SOA precursor emissions from forests in the Western United States. Samples of VOCs were collected by our collaborators from healthy and bark beetle infested trees using scent traps. We solvent extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) nearly four hundred scent traps. An increase in the total and the individual VOCs emitted by infested trees was measured. A statistical analysis shows significant differences between the emissions from infested and healthy trees. A perspective is provided on potential impact of bark beetle infestation on regional SOA. The majority of the laboratory experiments for SOA generation have focused on individual VOCs as the single SOA precursor. However, as demonstrated in Chapter 2 for example, in a real environment multiple VOCs co-exist. Multiple SOA precursors undergo concurrent oxidation reactions, and it is not known if the products from concurrent oxidation of multiple precursors are the same as the sum of the products from individual SOA precursors. Mass closure analysis of field samples show that a significant fraction of the chemical identity of organic PM is unknown, but the chemistry impacts the toxicity of PM. Hence, it is important to understand SOA formation from realistic SOA mixtures. Chapter 3 describes the results of the SOA generation by ozonolysis of limonene and VOC mixtures containing limonene. We use an additive approach for building a surrogate VOC mixture close in composition to a commercially-available mixture. The yield of PM as a function of VOC precursor mixture was measured with respect to VOC composition using smog chamber SOA generation and scanning mobility particle sizing. PM in the chamber was collected onto filters and extracted, and the individual products of SOA were identified and quantified by GC/MS. The condensed-phase SOA products generated during these experiments for different VOC mixtures are compared. In Chapter 4, condensed-phase products sampled from SOA generated by the ozonolysis of α pinene and VOC mixtures containing α pinene, including two fir needle essential oils, are studied by extracting filter samples and analyzing the extracts by GC/MS. The products generated from VOC mixtures are characteristic of the most dominant VOC present in the mixture i.e. either limonene or α pinene. Some mixtures show the generation of new products which are not observed for corresponding individual VOC ozonolysis and hence can be used as marker for the corresponding VOC mixture. The distribution of α-pinene SOA products changes as the composition of the SOA precursor mixture changes. In Chapter 5, the UV visible absorption characteristics of ammonium ion aged SOA are discussed. Ammonium ion aging of aerosol leads impacts the radiative properties of aerosol and has the potential to impact aerosol's role in climate change. Filter samples containing SOA generated from two mixtures with different dominant monoterpenes (α-pinene-based Siberian fir needle oil and a limonene-based air freshener) were extracted. The absorption coefficients of the extracts were measured as a function of ammonium ion aging time using UV-visible absorption spectrometry. The conclusions from all above chapters are summarized in Chapter 6.

Les composés organiques carbonylés et les BTEX (Benzène, Toluène, Éthylbenzène et Xylènes) représentent une classe importante de composés organiques volatils dans l’atmosphère. Ils sont émis par des sources anthropogénique et biogéniques. Leur dégradation atmosphérique conduit à la formation d’ozone, de phooxidants et d’aérosols organiques affectant ainsi la qualité de l’air aux échelles locales et régionales ainsi que la santé humaine. Il est donc important de mesurer leurs concentrations et évaluer leur devenir atmosphérique. Dans la présente thèse, nous avons conduit une étude systématique qui a permis de mesurer les concentrations de ces composés et identifier leurs sources à Pékin (Juillet 2008-Août 2010) et évaluer l’importance des caractéristiques météo. Nous avons aussi mené des études sur la dégradation atmosphérique de trois formates (isoproyle, isobutyle et n-propyle) en utilisant la chambre de simulation atmosphérique d’ICARE (CNRS, Orléans). / Carbonyls and BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes) represent an important class of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in the atmosphere. They are emitted into the atmosphere through anthropogenic and biogenic sources. Their atmospheric degradation leads to the formation of ozone, photooxidants and organic aerosols affecting the air quality at the local and regional scales and human health. It is, hence, of importance to measure their atmospheric concentrations and investigate their fate. In the present thesis, we have conducted a systematic measurement study of carbonyls and BTEX in Beijing during the period of Jul 2008-Aug 2010 in order to evaluate their ambient levels, possible sources and the influence of characteristic weather conditions. In a separate work, we performed a series of experimental studies on the OH-initiated oxidation of isopropyl formate, isobutyl formate, and n-propyl isobutyrate using the ICARE-CNRS (Orleans) simulation chamber from which we derived the product yields. The data obtained are presented and discussed.

A indústria alimentícia utiliza variados materiais para embalagens, sendo o polietileno de baixa densidade linear (PELBD) um dos materiais de maior importância, por possuir características únicas e adequadas à produção de embalagens. A geração de espécies químicas em embalagens de alimentos vem sendo foco de estudos no mundo. Este controle de compostos é denominado como estudo de Substâncias Não Intencionalmente Adicionadas (NIAS) e tem sua importância justificada pela preocupação com a saúde humana devido à capacidade de contaminação do alimento embalado. Para este estudo foram escolhidas duas resinas PELBD amplamente aplicadas na produção de embalagens alimentícias, analisadas na forma de pellets. As amostras foram nomeadas como PELBD1 e PELBD2 e analisadas antes e após exposição natural e acelerada (estufa a 50°C) de um, dois e três meses. Ambas apresentaram grande aumento no número de NIAS detectadas por Cromatografia Gasosa com detecção de Massas (GC-MS) após envelhecimentos, quando comparadas à resina virgem, chegando a 1100% em PELBD1 e 100% em PELBD2, com surgimento de substâncias oxigenadas e tóxicas. O aditivo antioxidante ativo foi sendo consumido e analisado via Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC) ao longo das exposições, confirmando os efeitos do envelhecimento. Através do Infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) foi verificada degradação inicial em PELBD1 exposto por três meses à estufa. Porém, até mesmo em períodos menores de exposição natural, a formação de grupos cromóforos foi comprovada pela análise de cor, onde houve pequeno e gradual aumento do amarelecimento e diminuição da brancura principalmente em PELBD1. Por Cromatografia de Permeação à Gel (GPC), as amostras apresentaram pequena tendência para diminuição de M̅z. Já nas análises de Reometria Rotacional com variação de Frequência (DSR), Índice de Fluidez (IF) e Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), foram observadas mínimas tendências de degradação. Pode-se concluir a partir destes resultados que a maior degradação e produção de NIAS ocorreram em ambiente acelerado. Esta pesquisa trouxe grandes contribuições para futuros trabalhos que envolvam o estudo de NIAS e suas condições de formação. / The food industry uses various packaging materials being linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) one of the most important materials, have unique features suitable for the production and packaging. The generation of chemical species in food packages has been the focus of research in the world. This control compounds is referred to as study Non-Intentionally Added Substances (NIAS) and has its importance justified by concern human health because of capacity contamination the food packaging. For this study it was chosen two LLDPE resins widely applied in the production of food packaging, analyzed in the form of pellets. The samples were named as PELBD1 and PELBD2 and analyzed before and after natural and accelerated exposure (oven at 50°C) of a two and three months. Both showed huge increase in the number of NIAS detected by Gas Chromatography with Mass detection (GC-MS) after ageing, when compared to virgin resin, reaching of 1100% in PELBD1 and 100% in PELBD2 with the appearance of oxygen substances and toxic substances. The active antioxidant additive was being consumed and analyzed via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), during the exposures, confirming the effects of ageing. For Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) was observed in initial degradation PELBD1 exposed for three months in an oven. However, even at under natural exposure periods, the formation of chromophoric groups were confirmed by analysis of color where there was a slight and gradual increase in yellowing and brightness decreased mainly PELBD1. For the Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), the samples showed a slight tendency to decrease M̅z. Already in the analysis of Rheometry Rotational Varying Frequency (DSR), Melt Flow Index (MFI) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), were observed minimum trends of degradation. It can concluded from these results that the greatest degradation and NIAS production occurred in an accelerated environment. This research has brought great contributions to future work involving the study of NIAS and their conditions of training.

O principal objetivo deste estudo é estimar o alcance dos poluentes emitidos pelo Aterro Controlado do Morro do Céu (ACMC), localizado em Niterói e as possíveis áreas afetadas. Utilizou-se um modelo matemático para o estudo do transporte e difusão dos poluentes que fornece a concentração nas vizinhanças, a partir dos dados de emissões, meteorológicos e topográficos. Foram analisados e tratados os dados meteorológicos e a topografia da região de alcance da pluma. As amostras foram coletadas por uma bomba de ar a uma vazão de 500 mL min-1 por um período de 10 min, em dois dias e horários diferentes. A câmara de fluxo empregada foi de 30 L e de PVC, no formato cilíndrico, cuja boca foi emborcada no solo por 5 cm e a amostragem realizada por uma válvula posicionada no fundo. Foram empregados como meios de amostragem cartuchos de carvão ativo de leito duplo e as análises químicas foram realizadas por cromatografia de fase gasosa com detecção por ionização na chama. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o ACMC pode conter quantidade significativa de vários compostos químicos, principalmente compostos orgânicos voláteis, impactando a vegetação, prejudicando a saúde e a qualidade de vida da população do seu entorno. Foram obtidos valores de compostos orgânicos voláteis acima de 400 g m-3 a menos que 500 m do ACMC. Considerando que o ACMC não será desativado em um tempo próximo, creches, escolas e postos de saúde devem ser deslocados para uma área onde o impacto dos poluentes atmosféricos seja menor, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população / The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the impacted areas of the pollutants emitted by Aterro Controlado do Morro do Céu (ACMC), located at Niterói. It was used the ISCSC3 mathematical model to calculate the diffusion and the transport of the pollutants, in order to estimate the concentrations at the neighborhood, using the emissions, meteorological, and topographical data. The samples were collected at 500 mL min-1 using a battery-operated air pump during 10 minutes, at two days at different hours. It was used a cylindrical PVC flux chamber of 30 liters, whose open top side was inserted inside soil by 5 cm, and the samples were collected using a valve at the opposite closed side. It were used double bed activated charcoal cartridges and the chemical analyses were done by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The results indicated that ACMC may contain several chemical compounds, mainly volatile organic compounds, causing injures to vegetation and human health at the vicinities. Values above 400 g m-3 for VOCs were found near 500 m from the landfill. As ACMC will be used for a long time it is necessary to evaluate the possibility to change the location of several schools, crèches, and hospitals to avoid the impacts of a contaminated plume arise from ACMC

abstract: One out of ten women has a difficult time getting or staying pregnant in the United States. Recent studies have identified aging as one of the key factors attributed to a decline in female reproductive health. Existing fertility diagnostic methods do not allow for the non-invasive monitoring of hormone levels across time. In recent years, olfactory sensing has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for its potential for real-time, non-invasive monitoring. This technology has been proven promising in the areas of oncology, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Little work, however, has addressed the use of olfactory sensing with respect to female fertility. In this work, we perform a study on ten healthy female subjects to determine the volatile signature in biological samples across 28 days, correlating to fertility hormones. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the air above the biological sample, or headspace, were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME), using a 50/30 µm divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) coated fiber. Samples were analyzed, using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). A regression model was used to identify key analytes, corresponding to the fertility hormones estrogen and progesterone. Results indicate shifts in volatile signatures in biological samples across the 28 days, relevant to hormonal changes. Further work includes evaluating metabolic changes in volatile hormone expression as an early indicator of declining fertility, so women may one day be able to monitor their reproductive health in real-time as they age. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Biomedical Engineering 2018

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente estudo teve como objetivo quantificar as emissões de Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis do Aterro Controlado Morro do Céu localizado na cidade de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para tanto, vinte amostras foram coletadas, usando uma bomba de ar operada a bateria durante dois dias de dezembro de 2009. Uma câmara de fluxo cilíndrica de PVC de 30L foi inserida 5 cm no solo do aterro, e as amostras foram coletadas através de uma válvula na parte superior da câmera. Os resultados indicaram um valor de 1.980 Kg Km-2 h-1. O modelo Gaussiano de dispersão atmosférica ISCST3 foi utilizado para calcular a difusão e transporte dos poluentes a fim de estimar as concentrações de COV no bairro, usando dados topográficos, meteorológicos e de emissões. Valores de 525 μg m-3 de COV foram encontrados a 500 metros do aterro. As emissões do aterro foram usadas em conjunto com dados meteorológicos, utilizando o modelo de trajetória OZIPR e o mecanismo químico SAPRC para demonstrar o impacto na formação do ozônio troposférico na região. É conhecido que o ozônio é formado pela reação entre COV, NOx e luz solar. A contribuição de valores elevados de COV provenientes das emissões do aterro conduzirá a uma nova situação com valores mais elevados de ozônio na região. Os resultados da modelagem indicaram um aumento maior que 1000% nos níveis de ozônio na região do aterro, se comparado com a modelagem do ozônio para a região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados mostram ser necessário que maior atenção seja dada à política de gerenciamento de RSU no Brasil, incluindo a escolha adequada para o local de instalação, o monitoramento da área durante e após o período de operação e técnicas mais adequadas de disposição dos resíduos sólidos urbanos / The purpose of this work was to quantify the Volatile Organic Compounds emissions by a landfill (Morro do Céu), located in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Twenty 10-minute samples were collected using a battery-operated air pump operated at 500 mL min-1, over a period of four days in May and December, 2009. A cylindrical 30 L PVC flux chamber was used, the open, bottom side of which was inserted into the landfill soil to a depth of 5 cm. The samples were collected using a valve at the upper, closed side of the chamber. The results indicated an elevated value of 1,980 kg km-2 h-1. A Gaussian plume dispersion model, implemented by Aermod software, was used to calculate the diffusion and transport of pollutants, and the pollutant concentrations in the surroundings were estimated using the emission, meteorological, and topographical data. Maximum values of 525 μg m-3 for VOC were found at approximately 500 m from the landfill. The landfill emissions were also compiled with meteorological data, using the OZIPR trajectory model coupled with SAPRC chemical mechanism, to demonstrate their impact on the formation of tropospheric ozone. It is well known that ozone is formed by the reactions of VOC, NOx and sunlight. The contribution of high VOC levels from the landfill emissions was expected to lead to higher ozone values. The results indicated a 1000% increase in ozone in the region of the landfill, compared to the ozone values for the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The results show that it is both necessary and desirable that greater attention be given to the political management of municipal solid waste in the Brazil, including the location choice, the monitoring of landfill areas during and after their period of operation and techniques more appropriate of disposition of municipal solid waste

O principal objetivo deste estudo é estimar o alcance dos poluentes emitidos pelo Aterro Controlado do Morro do Céu (ACMC), localizado em Niterói e as possíveis áreas afetadas. Utilizou-se um modelo matemático para o estudo do transporte e difusão dos poluentes que fornece a concentração nas vizinhanças, a partir dos dados de emissões, meteorológicos e topográficos. Foram analisados e tratados os dados meteorológicos e a topografia da região de alcance da pluma. As amostras foram coletadas por uma bomba de ar a uma vazão de 500 mL min-1 por um período de 10 min, em dois dias e horários diferentes. A câmara de fluxo empregada foi de 30 L e de PVC, no formato cilíndrico, cuja boca foi emborcada no solo por 5 cm e a amostragem realizada por uma válvula posicionada no fundo. Foram empregados como meios de amostragem cartuchos de carvão ativo de leito duplo e as análises químicas foram realizadas por cromatografia de fase gasosa com detecção por ionização na chama. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o ACMC pode conter quantidade significativa de vários compostos químicos, principalmente compostos orgânicos voláteis, impactando a vegetação, prejudicando a saúde e a qualidade de vida da população do seu entorno. Foram obtidos valores de compostos orgânicos voláteis acima de 400 g m-3 a menos que 500 m do ACMC. Considerando que o ACMC não será desativado em um tempo próximo, creches, escolas e postos de saúde devem ser deslocados para uma área onde o impacto dos poluentes atmosféricos seja menor, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população / The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the impacted areas of the pollutants emitted by Aterro Controlado do Morro do Céu (ACMC), located at Niterói. It was used the ISCSC3 mathematical model to calculate the diffusion and the transport of the pollutants, in order to estimate the concentrations at the neighborhood, using the emissions, meteorological, and topographical data. The samples were collected at 500 mL min-1 using a battery-operated air pump during 10 minutes, at two days at different hours. It was used a cylindrical PVC flux chamber of 30 liters, whose open top side was inserted inside soil by 5 cm, and the samples were collected using a valve at the opposite closed side. It were used double bed activated charcoal cartridges and the chemical analyses were done by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The results indicated that ACMC may contain several chemical compounds, mainly volatile organic compounds, causing injures to vegetation and human health at the vicinities. Values above 400 g m-3 for VOCs were found near 500 m from the landfill. As ACMC will be used for a long time it is necessary to evaluate the possibility to change the location of several schools, crèches, and hospitals to avoid the impacts of a contaminated plume arise from ACMC

A indústria alimentícia utiliza variados materiais para embalagens, sendo o polietileno de baixa densidade linear (PELBD) um dos materiais de maior importância, por possuir características únicas e adequadas à produção de embalagens. A geração de espécies químicas em embalagens de alimentos vem sendo foco de estudos no mundo. Este controle de compostos é denominado como estudo de Substâncias Não Intencionalmente Adicionadas (NIAS) e tem sua importância justificada pela preocupação com a saúde humana devido à capacidade de contaminação do alimento embalado. Para este estudo foram escolhidas duas resinas PELBD amplamente aplicadas na produção de embalagens alimentícias, analisadas na forma de pellets. As amostras foram nomeadas como PELBD1 e PELBD2 e analisadas antes e após exposição natural e acelerada (estufa a 50°C) de um, dois e três meses. Ambas apresentaram grande aumento no número de NIAS detectadas por Cromatografia Gasosa com detecção de Massas (GC-MS) após envelhecimentos, quando comparadas à resina virgem, chegando a 1100% em PELBD1 e 100% em PELBD2, com surgimento de substâncias oxigenadas e tóxicas. O aditivo antioxidante ativo foi sendo consumido e analisado via Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (HPLC) ao longo das exposições, confirmando os efeitos do envelhecimento. Através do Infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) foi verificada degradação inicial em PELBD1 exposto por três meses à estufa. Porém, até mesmo em períodos menores de exposição natural, a formação de grupos cromóforos foi comprovada pela análise de cor, onde houve pequeno e gradual aumento do amarelecimento e diminuição da brancura principalmente em PELBD1. Por Cromatografia de Permeação à Gel (GPC), as amostras apresentaram pequena tendência para diminuição de M̅z. Já nas análises de Reometria Rotacional com variação de Frequência (DSR), Índice de Fluidez (IF) e Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC), foram observadas mínimas tendências de degradação. Pode-se concluir a partir destes resultados que a maior degradação e produção de NIAS ocorreram em ambiente acelerado. Esta pesquisa trouxe grandes contribuições para futuros trabalhos que envolvam o estudo de NIAS e suas condições de formação. / The food industry uses various packaging materials being linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) one of the most important materials, have unique features suitable for the production and packaging. The generation of chemical species in food packages has been the focus of research in the world. This control compounds is referred to as study Non-Intentionally Added Substances (NIAS) and has its importance justified by concern human health because of capacity contamination the food packaging. For this study it was chosen two LLDPE resins widely applied in the production of food packaging, analyzed in the form of pellets. The samples were named as PELBD1 and PELBD2 and analyzed before and after natural and accelerated exposure (oven at 50°C) of a two and three months. Both showed huge increase in the number of NIAS detected by Gas Chromatography with Mass detection (GC-MS) after ageing, when compared to virgin resin, reaching of 1100% in PELBD1 and 100% in PELBD2 with the appearance of oxygen substances and toxic substances. The active antioxidant additive was being consumed and analyzed via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), during the exposures, confirming the effects of ageing. For Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) was observed in initial degradation PELBD1 exposed for three months in an oven. However, even at under natural exposure periods, the formation of chromophoric groups were confirmed by analysis of color where there was a slight and gradual increase in yellowing and brightness decreased mainly PELBD1. For the Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), the samples showed a slight tendency to decrease M̅z. Already in the analysis of Rheometry Rotational Varying Frequency (DSR), Melt Flow Index (MFI) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), were observed minimum trends of degradation. It can concluded from these results that the greatest degradation and NIAS production occurred in an accelerated environment. This research has brought great contributions to future work involving the study of NIAS and their conditions of training.

abstract: Monitoring of air pollutants is critical for many applications and studies. In order to access air pollutants with high spatial and temporal resolutions, it is necessary to develop an affordable, small size and weight, low power, high sensitivity and selectivity, and wireless enable device that can provide real time monitoring of air pollutants. Three different kind of such devices are presented, they are targeting environmental pollutants such as volatile organic components (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone. These devices employ innovative detection methods, such as quartz crystal tuning fork coated with molecularly imprinted polymer and chemical reaction induced color change colorimetric sensing. These portable devices are validated using the gold standards in the laboratory, and their functionality and capability are proved during the field tests, make them great tools for various air quality monitoring applications. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2014

A atmosfera terrestre contém nitrogênio e oxigênio, sendo este último, um composto altamente reativo e fundamental ao desenvolvimento e manutenção da vida. Além desses gases, diversos outros compostos em pequenas concentrações, os quais podem atuar como reagentes e/ou catalisadores também a compõe. Os compostos gasosos variados e material particulado (orgânico e inorgânico) de diferentes dimensões lançados constantemente à atmosfera são provenientes de fontes diversas. Tais fontes podem ser de origem natural ou antrópica e ainda, podem ser pontuais, difusas, primárias, secundárias, móveis e/ou estacionárias. Os processos envolvendo transformações químicas na atmosfera são extremamente importantes porque tendem a manter a sua composição em estado estacionário. A vegetação, que constitui uma fonte natural, é responsável pela emissão de grandes quantidades de compostos carbonados para a atmosfera. Dentre os vários compostos orgânicos emitidos da superfície do planeta, destacam-se em particular, alguns gases traços, denominados compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs). A emissão dos compostos orgânicos voláteis pela vegetação ocorre, em escala global, predominantemente nos trópicos ou nos meses de verão em outras regiões. As reações fotoquímicas dos compostos orgânicos voláteis desempenham um papel diferenciado e importante na química da troposfera, podendo alterar de forma significativa a concentração de ozônio em áreas tanto urbanas quanto rurais. O presente projeto contempla o estudo de alguns dos inúmeros compostos orgânicos voláteis de origem biogênica (COVBs) emitidos pela vegetação constituinte, das regiões da Floresta Amazônica, da Mata Atlântica e da floresta Tropical da Guiana Francesa, comparando-se os dados de saída gerados pelos Modelos MOZART-4 e CAM-Chem. A escolha dos sítios experimentais para realização deste estudo se deu em parte em função da importância dos locais em termos de biodiversidade, extensão territorial, influência na climatologia (local e/ou regional), bem como também em função da acessibilidade, proximidade a centros urbanos e alterações devido à influência humana. O procedimento metodológico adotado para coleta das amostras de COVBs se deu por meio da técnica conhecida como acumulação de vórtices turbulentos (Relaxed Eddy Accumulation - REA), a qual faz uso de um dispositivo coletor denominado acumulador compacto de vórtices turbulentos (Compact Relaxed Eddy Accumulator - CREA). As amostras gasosas de COVBs foram coletadas por meio de cartuchos comerciais apropriados, compostos por diferentes materiais adsorvedores que apresentavam afinidade química também diferenciada para os variados compostos aos quais foram expostos. Estudos primários para determinação da natureza dos cartuchos que foram utilizados neste projeto foram realizados, a fim de se obter dispositivos adequados a este propósito. Os resultados evidenciam, como esperado, que a presença de isopreno é predominante em todos os sítios experimentais, sendo sua concentração média diária máxima de 5,0 ± 0,3 μg/cm3 registrada na Amazônia e de 8,0 ± 0,4 μg/cm3 (concentração diária) na floresta da Guiana Francesa, seguido pelo alfa-pineno cuja concentração máxima obtida foi de aproximadamente 1,6 ± 0,08 μg/cm3 no último sítio experimental, ambos detectados na estação seca. A emissão de isopreno e dos monoterpenos ocorreu de forma mais acentuada na época seca em comparação ao período úmido. Contudo, observou-se em algumas situações uma pequena discrepância. De maneira geral os resultados gerados pelos modelos estão subestimados, como exceção do parâmetro de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (PAR), o que indica que a defasagem entre os resultados observados e os simulados pode estar relacionada parâmetros de OH-, NOx e em algumas reações químicas fotoquímicas envolvendo o ozônio. / The Earth\'s atmosphere contains nitrogen and oxygen, the last one being a highly reactive compound and fundamental to the development and maintenance of life. Besides these gases, many other compounds in small concentrations, which can act as reactants and /or catalysts can be found in the atmosphere. Various gaseous compounds and particulate matter (organic and inorganic) of different dimensions constantly released into the atmosphere come from various sources. Such sources can be natural or anthropogenic and still be punctual, diffuse, primary, secondary, mobile and or stationary. Processes involving chemical transformations in the atmosphere are extremely important because they tend to maintain their steady-state composition. The vegetation, which is a natural source, is responsible for producing large amounts of carbon compounds in the atmosphere. Among the various organic compounds emitted from the planet\'s surface, stand out in particular, some trace gases, called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The emission of volatile organic compounds by vegetation occurs on a global scale, predominantly in the tropics or in the summer months in other regions. The photochemical reactions of volatile organic compounds play an important and unique role in the chemistry of the troposphere, which can significantly change the concentration of ozone in both urban and rural areas. This project involves the study of some of the numerous biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) emitted by vegetation from the Amazon Forest, the Mata Atlântica forest and the Tropical forest of French Guiana, comparing the output data generated by MOZART -4 and CAM-Chem models. The choice of experimental sites for this study was in part due to the importance of local biodiversity , territorial extent , influence the weather (local and/or regional), and also because of accessibility, proximity to urban centers and changes due to human influence . The methodological procedures for collecting samples of VOCs was through the technique known as eddy accumulation (Relaxed Eddy Accumulation - REA), which uses an equipment known as compact relaxed eddy accumulator (CREA). The gas samples were collected from BVOCs through appropriate commercial cartridges, composed of different materials showed that chemical affinity adsorbents also differentiated for the various compounds which were exposed. Primary studies to determine the nature of cartridges that were used in the field campaigns were conducted in order to obtain devices suitable for this purpose. The results show, as expected, the presence of isoprene as a prevalent compound in all experimental sites, with maximum daily average concentration of 5,0 ± 0,3 μg/cm3 registered on the Amazon basin and 8,0 ± 0,4 μg/cm3 (daily concentration) in the forest of French Guiana, followed by alpha-pinene, whose maximum concentration obtained was approximately 1,6 ± 0,08 μg/cm3 in the last experimental site, both detected in the dry season. The emission of isoprene and monoterpenes occurred sharply in the dry season compared to the wet season. However, it was observed in some situations a small discrepancy. In general, the results generated by the models are underestimated, as an exception of photosynthetically active radiation parameter (PAR), indicating that the gap between the observed and simulated results can be related to OH- and NOx parameters and some chemical reactions involving photochemical ozone.