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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2003. / Advisor: John P. Lunstrum, Florida State University, College of Education, Dept. of Middle and Secondary Education. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Mar. 9, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-48).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 132 p. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Richard H. Steckel, Dept. of Economics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 126-132).

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This thesis seeks to add to the understanding of wage determination in Canada. Data from the Labour Market Activity Survey and the Survey of Displaced Workers are analysed to indicate the degree to which wages for workers of given observable characteristics vary across industries. Possible explanations for such differentials are considered, with market-clearing models argued to be unconvincing compared to the main alternative, efficiency-wage theory, which allows for a persistent distribution of labour rents across industries. In particular, the key mechanisms in versions of the efficiency-wage hypothesis appealing to workers' concern for fairness are found to be relatively free of persuasive objections, and to be supported by a substantial body of theoretical and empirical work in social psychology and sociology, as well as in economics. The extent to which the observed inter-industry wage differentials can be explained in terms of posited mechanisms for the operation of workers' concern for fairness is then examined. Some indications of the influence of the concern for equity on inter-industry wage differentials are found, although limitations in the data and multicollinearity among regressors restrict the ability to isolate different industry-specific effects. It is concluded that while there is both a theoretical and an empirical basis for the proposition that workers' concern for fairness plays a role in the determination of wages in Canada, more work on this question, ideally combined with the availability of comprehensive firm-level data, is needed to get a more precise idea of the extent of this influence.

In this thesis the regional effects of immigration onto native wages and employment in the United Kingdom and in Germany were examined. Using the regional survey data of the British QLFS from 1993-2009, the estimation results confirmed that foreign workers and British are imperfect substitutes. Natives and immigrants with middle education are found to have the highest elasticity of substitution. Unsurprisingly, the largest percentage of foreign population has been found to be in England. In the analysed time of 1993 until 2009, only middle educated British experienced negative earnings and employment effects caused by immigration. Taking the wage and employment impacts for natives of all three skill groups in the four British countries and the UK itself into account, it can be seen that the positive wage effects were numerically larger than the negative employment changes. Applying the individual data of the German SOEP from 1984-2007 (from 1994 including data about East Germany), imperfect substitution between regional Germans and foreigners were determined. Examining several regions of West Germany (North- West and Middle-South-West) in the time frame of 1994-2007, it could be seen that natives with low and middle education gained in their wages but lost in their employment to immigrants of similar education. However, highly skilled German P a g e | 2 citizens were confronted with a wage loss but higher employment. The analysis of the effect of immigration on native wages and employment in East Germany led to interesting results. Low, middle and highly educated East German natives experienced either a minimal wage increase or no wage change. Considering the employment in East Germany, low educated natives saw a small rise in their employment. However, no change could be found in the employment of middle and highly skilled workers in East Germany.

This thesis is an empirical investigation into the behaviour of regional unemployment, wages and prices for the UK economy over the period 1974-1996. It develops a measure for regional retail prices and regional retail price expectations with which to examine regional price behaviour and to develop a further understanding of the labour market adjustment processes that occur at the regional level. Using regional prices and regional price expectations this thesis produces results which demonstrates a greater consistency with the predictions of regional wage determination models than either aggregate real wage modelling or the use of aggregate prices. The analysis of regional labour markets is developed alongside the dramatic change in regional unemployment relativities that occurred in the UK over the early 1990s and finds support for a clear north-south differential in regional real wage-adjustment processes consistent with contemporary models of wage determination. It is argued that the change in regional unemployment differentials was due to a combination of region-specific price expectational errors and the asymmetric impact of the economic shock. The narrowing of regional unemployment differentials occurred because real wage adjustment was slower in the south than in the north. This thesis suggests that regional price expectations can be modelled as a function of the perceived regional economic climate. Due to the incidence of region-specific shocks and regional asymmetries in the response to such economic shocks, it is argued that aggregate modelling of the UK labour market leads to spurious results on estimated labour market relationships unless regional differences are explicitly modelled. It is argued that regional labour market modelling needs to incorporate a measure of regional prices with which to model the underlying processes.