Recentemente, por conta do dinamismo existente no ambiente de negócio no qual as organizações devem adequar-se mais rapidamente às mudanças, os Sistemas de Informação (SIs) precisam também adequar-se para continuar agregando valor. Diante desse cenário e do uso de serviços eletrônicos distribuídos na rede para o desenvolvimento de sistemas, faz-se necessário o surgimento de novas abordagens em engenharia de sistemas. Sendo assim, surge a disciplina de Engenharia de Requisitos Orientada a Serviços (EROS) que trata da definição de processos e metodologias para captar os requisitos de serviços tanto do ponto de vista de consumidores de serviço quanto de fornecedores de serviço. No contexto de EROS, este trabalho explora alternativas às descrições sugeridas para os metamodelos RGPS (do inglês: Role, Goal, Process and Service) uma abordagem em EROS propondo uma nova definição que visa, principalmente, incorporar à RGPS as vantagens de outros modelos já estabelecidos na literatura. Sendo assim, a nova abordagem aqui proposta, chamada de WS&i*-RGPS, para a descrição das camadas Papel e Meta, propõe o uso do framework i*. E, para a descrição das camadas Processo e Serviço, a nova abordagem propõe o uso de WS-BPEL/WSDL. Esse trabalho apresenta também uma comparação sistemática entre a abordagem WS&i*-RGPS e outras abordagens semelhantes identificadas na literatura EROS. A comparação sistemática entre as abordagens em EROS, incluindo a nova abordagem aqui proposta, considera três parâmetros comparativos e identifica que a abordagem WS&i*-RGPS cobre mais parâmetros que as abordagens em EROS que se baseiam nos metamodelos RGPS, indicando que WS&i*-RGPS é uma alternativa melhor às soluções inicialmente propostas pelos autores dos metamodelos RGPS. / Due to the recent business environment dynamism in which organizations must quickly adapt to the changes, Information Systems also need to adapt to these changes in order to keep adding value. Taking into account this scenario and the use of electronic services distributed on the network to develop systems, the advent of new approaches in Systems Engineering is necessary. Therefore, a new discipline, Service-Oriented Requirements Engineering (SORE), was proposed, which deals with the definition of processes and methodologies in order to capture services requirements beneath two different perspectives: service consumers and service providers. In SORE context, this work aims at exploring some alternatives for those descriptions proposed by the Role, Goal, Process and Service (RGPS) meta-models, proposing a new approach called WS&i*-RGPS in order to incorporate to RGPS the advantages of other models well established in the literature. Accordingly, in order to describe the Role and Goal layers, this new approach proposes the use of the i* framework. Additionally, in order to describe the Process and Service layers, this new approach proposes the use of WS-BPEL/WSDL languages. This work also presents a systematic comparison among SORE approaches, including WS&i*-RGPS. This comparison considers three comparative parameters and identifies that WS&i*-RGPS covers more parameters than other approaches in SORE that uses RGPS metamodels. These results indicates WS&i*-RGPS as a better alternative comparing it to other RGPS approaches.

Recentemente, por conta do dinamismo existente no ambiente de negócio no qual as organizações devem adequar-se mais rapidamente às mudanças, os Sistemas de Informação (SIs) precisam também adequar-se para continuar agregando valor. Diante desse cenário e do uso de serviços eletrônicos distribuídos na rede para o desenvolvimento de sistemas, faz-se necessário o surgimento de novas abordagens em engenharia de sistemas. Sendo assim, surge a disciplina de Engenharia de Requisitos Orientada a Serviços (EROS) que trata da definição de processos e metodologias para captar os requisitos de serviços tanto do ponto de vista de consumidores de serviço quanto de fornecedores de serviço. No contexto de EROS, este trabalho explora alternativas às descrições sugeridas para os metamodelos RGPS (do inglês: Role, Goal, Process and Service) uma abordagem em EROS propondo uma nova definição que visa, principalmente, incorporar à RGPS as vantagens de outros modelos já estabelecidos na literatura. Sendo assim, a nova abordagem aqui proposta, chamada de WS&i*-RGPS, para a descrição das camadas Papel e Meta, propõe o uso do framework i*. E, para a descrição das camadas Processo e Serviço, a nova abordagem propõe o uso de WS-BPEL/WSDL. Esse trabalho apresenta também uma comparação sistemática entre a abordagem WS&i*-RGPS e outras abordagens semelhantes identificadas na literatura EROS. A comparação sistemática entre as abordagens em EROS, incluindo a nova abordagem aqui proposta, considera três parâmetros comparativos e identifica que a abordagem WS&i*-RGPS cobre mais parâmetros que as abordagens em EROS que se baseiam nos metamodelos RGPS, indicando que WS&i*-RGPS é uma alternativa melhor às soluções inicialmente propostas pelos autores dos metamodelos RGPS. / Due to the recent business environment dynamism in which organizations must quickly adapt to the changes, Information Systems also need to adapt to these changes in order to keep adding value. Taking into account this scenario and the use of electronic services distributed on the network to develop systems, the advent of new approaches in Systems Engineering is necessary. Therefore, a new discipline, Service-Oriented Requirements Engineering (SORE), was proposed, which deals with the definition of processes and methodologies in order to capture services requirements beneath two different perspectives: service consumers and service providers. In SORE context, this work aims at exploring some alternatives for those descriptions proposed by the Role, Goal, Process and Service (RGPS) meta-models, proposing a new approach called WS&i*-RGPS in order to incorporate to RGPS the advantages of other models well established in the literature. Accordingly, in order to describe the Role and Goal layers, this new approach proposes the use of the i* framework. Additionally, in order to describe the Process and Service layers, this new approach proposes the use of WS-BPEL/WSDL languages. This work also presents a systematic comparison among SORE approaches, including WS&i*-RGPS. This comparison considers three comparative parameters and identifies that WS&i*-RGPS covers more parameters than other approaches in SORE that uses RGPS metamodels. These results indicates WS&i*-RGPS as a better alternative comparing it to other RGPS approaches.

Business processes are increasingly used by organizations to automate their activities. Written in languages like WS-BPEL, they allow an institution to describe precisely its internal operations. As the pace of change increases, however, both organizations and their internal processes are required to be more flexible; they have to account for an increasing amount of externally-driven environment state, or context, and modify their behavior accordingly. This puts a significant burden on business-process programmers, who now have to source, track, and update context from multiple entities, in addition to implementing and maintaining core business logic. Implementing this state-maintenance logic in a WS-BPEL business process is involved. This is because WS-BPEL business processes are modeled as if they were the only thing operating in, and making changes to, the business environment. This mental model does not reflect the real world, where organizations and entities depend on state that is outside their control – state that is modified independent of, and concurrent with, the organization’s activities. This makes it hard for business-process programmers to write context-dependent processes in a concise manner. This thesis presents a solution to this problem based on the notion of a context variable for WS-BPEL business processes. It describes how context variables are designed using the WS-BPEL language-extension mechanism, and how these variables can be used in business processes. It also outlines an architecture for offering context in the web services environment that uses constructs from the WS-Resource Framework specification. It shows how changes in context can be propagated from these context sources to WS-BPEL context variables using WS-Notification-based publish/subscribe. The design also includes a standards-compliant method for extending web-service responses with references to context sources. Finally, a prototype validating the overall system is described, and enhancements for increasing the utility of context variables proposed. This solution offers significant advantages: it builds on established practices and well-understood message-exchange patterns, leverages widely used languages, frameworks and specifications, is standards compliant, and has a low barrier-to-entry for business-process programmers. Moreover, when compared to existing alternatives, this solution requires significantly less process logic and fewer interface changes to maintain constantly changing environment state.

Business processes are increasingly used by organizations to automate their activities. Written in languages like WS-BPEL, they allow an institution to describe precisely its internal operations. As the pace of change increases, however, both organizations and their internal processes are required to be more flexible; they have to account for an increasing amount of externally-driven environment state, or context, and modify their behavior accordingly. This puts a significant burden on business-process programmers, who now have to source, track, and update context from multiple entities, in addition to implementing and maintaining core business logic. Implementing this state-maintenance logic in a WS-BPEL business process is involved. This is because WS-BPEL business processes are modeled as if they were the only thing operating in, and making changes to, the business environment. This mental model does not reflect the real world, where organizations and entities depend on state that is outside their control – state that is modified independent of, and concurrent with, the organization’s activities. This makes it hard for business-process programmers to write context-dependent processes in a concise manner. This thesis presents a solution to this problem based on the notion of a context variable for WS-BPEL business processes. It describes how context variables are designed using the WS-BPEL language-extension mechanism, and how these variables can be used in business processes. It also outlines an architecture for offering context in the web services environment that uses constructs from the WS-Resource Framework specification. It shows how changes in context can be propagated from these context sources to WS-BPEL context variables using WS-Notification-based publish/subscribe. The design also includes a standards-compliant method for extending web-service responses with references to context sources. Finally, a prototype validating the overall system is described, and enhancements for increasing the utility of context variables proposed. This solution offers significant advantages: it builds on established practices and well-understood message-exchange patterns, leverages widely used languages, frameworks and specifications, is standards compliant, and has a low barrier-to-entry for business-process programmers. Moreover, when compared to existing alternatives, this solution requires significantly less process logic and fewer interface changes to maintain constantly changing environment state.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is intended for the integration of heterogeneous applications. Complex business processes are composed by a group of specific Web services using WS-BPEL (Business Process Execution Language), and these Web services may be designed by the enterprise itself or third-party services providers. Today there are many WS-BPEL engines that support the deployment and execution of WS-BPEL files. However, the WS-BPEL activities have to be pre-defined, and if at runtime a Web service call fails, the entire business process is pronounced to be failed, thereby jeopardizing the reliability of SOA. Although the WS- BPEL supports compensation mechanism, it is complex and not flexible. In this work, we propose a process design model to support dynamic Web services selection that eases the designer¡¦s job. This model has been implemented, and the prototype is evaluated to demonstrate that it indeed improves the overall business process reliability.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SidneySM_DISSERT.pdf: 1456214 bytes, checksum: c5c3a8fc051effaff1597d26ba83ee87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Web services are computational solutions designed according to the principles of Service Oriented Computing. Web services can be built upon pre-existing services available on the Internet by using composition languages. We propose a method to generate WS-BPEL processes from abstract specifications provided with high-level control-flow information. The proposed method allows the composition designer to concentrate on high-level specifi- cations, in order to increase productivity and generate specifications that are independent of specific web services. We consider service orchestrations, that is compositions where a central process coordinates all the operations of the application. The process of generating compositions is based on a rule rewriting algorithm, which has been extended to support basic control-flow information.We created a prototype of the extended refinement method and performed experiments over simple case studies / Os servi?os web s?o solu??es computacionais criadas de acordo com os princ?pios da Com- puta??o Orientada a Servi?os e disponibilizadas via Internet. Novos servi?os web podem surgir a partir outros pr?-existentes, utilizando linguagens de composi??o. Considerando orquestra??es de servi?os, onde existe um processo central que coordena todas as opera- ??es da aplica??o, propomos um m?todo para gera??o de processos WS-BPEL, a partir de especifica??es abstratas dotadas de informa??es de controle. O m?todo proposto permite ao projetista da composi??o se concentrar em especifica??es de alto n?vel, aumentando sua produtividade e gerando especifica??es independentes de servi?os web espec?ficos. O processo de gera??o de composi??es se baseia em um algoritmo de reescrita de regras, que foi estendido para dar suporte a informa??es de controle b?sicas. Criamos um prot?tipo do m?todo de refinamento estendido e realizamos experimentos sobre estudos de caso simples

A distributed business process is executed in a distributed computing environment. The service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm is a popular option for the integration of software services and execution of distributed business processes. Entailment constraints, such as mutual exclusion and binding constraints, are important means to control process execution. Mutually exclusive tasks result from the division of powerful rights and responsibilities to prevent fraud and abuse. In contrast, binding constraints define that a subject who performed one task must also perform the corresponding bound task(s). (authors' abstract)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:56:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2988_1.pdf: 2842413 bytes, checksum: d963a6e447928b61911d961e05157164 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Associação para Promoção da Excelência do Software Brasileiro / A composição de serviços é uma das áreas de maior interesse de pesquisa da atualidade. A motivação geral para composição de serviços está relacionada a dois pontos principais: possibilidade de criação de serviços mais elaborados a partir de serviços já existentes e a possibilidade de integração de negócios. Na prática, a composição permite que serviços de diferentes provedores sejam colocados juntos para criar serviços mais sofisticados. A importância da composição de serviços tem sido reconhecida na comunidade de pesquisa da Internet devido a sua flexibilidade na construção de aplicações a partir de serviços primitivos e de uma forma plug-and-play. A composição expressa em WS-BPEL ou qualquer outra linguagem para a execução de processo de negócio requer um ambiente específico para executar. Este ambiente é fornecido pelas engines de execução de processo de negócio. A engine é responsável pelo controle dos web services que formam uma composição e pela coordenação das diversas transações entre eles. Devido à crescente necessidade de incorporar requisitos não funcionais na composição de serviços, em especial requisitos de segurança, foi demandado uma nova necessidade de suporte à estes requisitos nas engines de orquestração. O suporte fornecido pelas engines existentes pode variar, sendo que para cada requisito de segurança em especial (e.g. Criptografia) a engine pode fornecer suporte completo, parcial ou até nenhum suporte para realizar este requisito. Este trabalho propõe uma engine para prover requisitos de segurança para composição de serviços em tempo de execução. A engine proposta, chamada SecMosc-Engine, é responsável por fornecer mecanismos de segurança que não sejam disponibilizados pelos módulos de segurança integrados nas engines de orquestração, sendo que este suporte pode ser total ou parcial. O grande diferencial desta proposta é o fato dela ser baseada numa abordagem não intrusiva visando manter o código fonte das engines de orquestração inalterado o máximo possível. Por fim, e não menos importante, a SecMosc- Engine também é responsável por gerar, a partir de artefatos independentes de plataforma, o código executável (WS-BPEL) de um processo de negócio originalmente expresso em BPMN com anotações de segurança

Orientador: Maria Beatriz Felgar de Toledo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T08:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lechuga_ThiagoAlvarenga_M.pdf: 1783434 bytes, checksum: c19e879d7401bcc97b40a2a822df8bf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A utilização de sistemas distribuídos heterogêneos, tais como os Multi-Clusters, também chamados de Clusters de Clusters (CoC), e as grades computacionais, permite o desenvolvimento de sistemas computacionais mais complexos. No entanto, alguns desses sistemas requerem que os serviços sejam facilmente compostos e executados, mantendo as dependências entre eles; ambos, serviços e dependências, podem ser representados como workflows. Ainda, os serviços Web foram adotados na estrutura desses sistemas distribuídos, e WS-BPEL é o padrão para a sua composição. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é permitir a execução de workflows escritos em WS-BPEL em Multi-Clusters. Para alcançar esse objetivo, uma extensão da linguagem WS-BPEL é apresentada incluindo a especificação de qualidade de serviço (QoS), juntamente com os recursos necessários para execução dos serviços no CoC. Além disso, este trabalho apresenta uma infraestrutura que permite a execução de workflows em CoC, e um estudo de caso utilizando a SHARCNET, afim de avaliar a abordagem proposta. Finalmente, um workflow científico real para gerar mosaicos personalizados do céu é implementado usando o ambiente criado / Abstract: The use of heterogeneous distributed systems, such as Multi-Clusters, as known as Cluster of Clusters (CoC), and computational grids, enables the development of complex computational systems. However some of these systems require services to be easily composed and executed while maintaining the dependencies among them; both the services and the dependencies can be represented as workflows. Moreover, Web Services have been adopted in distributed systems, and WS-BPEL is the standard for Web Services composition. Accordingly, the objective of this work is to enable the execution of WS-BPEL workflows in a CoC. In order to achieve this execution, an extension to the WS-BPEL language is presented that includes the speciçation of Quality of Services (QoS), along with the required computational resources for service execution in CoCs. Additionally, this paper presents an infrastructure that enables the execution of such workflows in CoCs, and a case study using SHARCNET is discussed in order to evaluate the proposed approach. Finally, a real scientiç workflow to generate custom mosaics of the sky is implemented using the criated environment / Mestrado / Sistemas de Informação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação

L’acceptation et l’utilisation des services Web en industrie se développent de par leursupport au développement d’application distribuées comme compositions d’entitéslogicielles plus simples appelées services. En complément à la vérification, le testpermet de vérifier la correction d’une implémentation binaire (code source nondisponible) par rapport à une spécification. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons uneapproche boîte-noire du test de conformité de compositions de services centralisées(orchestrations). Par rapport à l’état de l’art, nous développons une approchesymbolique de façon à éviter des problèmes d’explosion d’espace d’état dus à la largeutilisation de données XML dans les services Web. Cette approche est basée sur desmodèles symboliques (STS), l’exécution symbolique de ces modèles et l’utilisationd’un solveur SMT. De plus, nous proposons une approche de bout en bout, quiva de la spécification à l’aide d’un langage normalisé d’orchestration (ABPEL) etde la possible description d’objectifs de tests à la concrétisation et l’exécution enligne de cas de tests symboliques. Un point important est notre transformation demodèle entre ABPEL et les STS qui prend en compte les spécifications sémantiquesd’ABPEL. L’automatisation de notre approche est supportée par un ensemble d’outilsque nous avons développés. / Web services are gaining industry-wide acceptance and usage by fostering the developmentof distributed applications out of the composition of simpler entities calledservices. In complement to verification, testing allows one to check for the correctnessof a binary (no source code) service implementation with reference to a specification.In this thesis, we propose black box conformance testing approach for centralizedservice compositions (orchestrations). With reference to the state of the art, wedevelop a symbolic approach in order to avoid state space explosion issues due to theXML data being largely used in Web services. This approach is based on symbolicmodels (STS), symbolic execution, and the use of a satisfiability modulo theory(SMT) solver. Further, we propose a comprehensive end-to-end approach that goesfrom specification using a standard orchestration language (ABPEL), and the possibledescription of test purposes, to the online realization and execution of symbolic testcases against an implementation. A crucial point is a model transformation fromABPEL to STS that we have defined and that takes into account the peculiarities ofABPEL semantics. The automation of our approach is supported by a tool-chainthat we have developed.