The shopping trolley have been frequently used in our daily life. However, the hygiene condition of cart makes people worry a lot, especially the handle brothers. Nowadays, several methods have been proposed to clean the shopping carts but considered uneconomic and inflexible. In this study, we aim to design an integrated cart washing system based on a trailer applied to medium or small supermarket. This system should be more efficient, economic, easily to operate, safer and les water consummation. The integrated cart washing system has three basic functions of washing, disinfection and drying. The system is controlled by PLC program, all steps in the cleaning process are fully automatic insider the trailer and each component are adjustable according to various shopping carts. The system only requires one person to operate and it costs 30 seconds to wash a single cart, able to wash up to 120 cart/hour. Disinfection and drying steps provide high washing quality. Moreover, water-recycling design can save part of wasted water. The modelling and assembly was designed in Autodesk Inventor 2016, the hardware design circuit-writing diagram was performed in AutoCAD, the software design of Programmable logic controller (PLC) was made in STEP 7-Micro/Win. Theoretical calculation and simulation prove the safety and possibility of our system. We concluded that this system might have commercial interests in the market.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 romaojunior_ra_me_ilha.pdf: 1695973 bytes, checksum: 6992b12bda00db43f59a137a888f15ab (MD5) / Com o aumento da mecanização da colheita de cana de açúcar e a diminuição da prática de queima prévia da palha nos canaviais em função de protocolos ambientais estabelecidos entre os usineiros e o governo, cresce significativamente a quantidade de palha disponível no campo. Neste trabalho é analisada a utilização de palha como combustível suplementar para caldeiras convencionais de alta pressão (para bagaço), possibilitando assim um aumento de geração de energia excedente com a possibilidade de ser exportada para comercialização. Para tanto, são realizados estudos de perdas, ganhos e investimentos com a introdução da palha na indústria através de análises termodinâmicas de geração de energia, produção de álcool e açúcar, eficiências de equipamentos como colhedoras de cana, sistema de lavagem de cana a seco, picador de palha, caldeira de alta pressão, moagem da cana, entre outros. Como o poder calorífico inferior da palha é quase o dobro do poder calorífico do bagaço a geração de energia excedente para comercialização apresenta uma grande vantagem para o setor, sendo as perdas em produção de açúcar e álcool poucos significantes devido ao alto valor da venda de eletricidade / With the increasing mechanization of the sugar cane harvest and the decline in the prior practice of burning of sugar cane straw, due to ambient protocols established by government and sugar and alcohol industries factories, there is a significant increase of the amount of straw available in the field. This paper considers the use of straw as additional fuel in conventional high-pressure boilers (of bagasse), thus enabling an increase in generation of energy surplus with the possibility to be exported for commercialization. For this, studies of losses, gains and investments are carried out with the introduction of straw in the industry through thermodynamics analysis to generate energy, production of alcohol and sugar, efficiencies of equipment like as mechanical cane harvest, washing system of cane to be dried, mincer of straw, high-pressure boiler, milling of sugar cane, among others. As the lower power heating of the straw is nearly twice of lower power heating the bagasse the generation of energy for commercialization presents a great advantage for the factories, and the losses in production of sugar and alcohol are not much significant due to the high value of electric energy sale

Orientador: Ricardo Alan Verdu Ramos / Banca: João Batista Campos Silva / Banca: Alcides Padilha / Resumo: Com o aumento da mecanização da colheita de cana de açúcar e a diminuição da prática de queima prévia da palha nos canaviais em função de protocolos ambientais estabelecidos entre os usineiros e o governo, cresce significativamente a quantidade de palha disponível no campo. Neste trabalho é analisada a utilização de palha como combustível suplementar para caldeiras convencionais de alta pressão (para bagaço), possibilitando assim um aumento de geração de energia excedente com a possibilidade de ser exportada para comercialização. Para tanto, são realizados estudos de perdas, ganhos e investimentos com a introdução da palha na indústria através de análises termodinâmicas de geração de energia, produção de álcool e açúcar, eficiências de equipamentos como colhedoras de cana, sistema de lavagem de cana a seco, picador de palha, caldeira de alta pressão, moagem da cana, entre outros. Como o poder calorífico inferior da palha é quase o dobro do poder calorífico do bagaço a geração de energia excedente para comercialização apresenta uma grande vantagem para o setor, sendo as perdas em produção de açúcar e álcool poucos significantes devido ao alto valor da venda de eletricidade / Abstract: With the increasing mechanization of the sugar cane harvest and the decline in the prior practice of burning of sugar cane straw, due to ambient protocols established by government and sugar and alcohol industries factories, there is a significant increase of the amount of straw available in the field. This paper considers the use of straw as additional fuel in conventional high-pressure boilers (of bagasse), thus enabling an increase in generation of energy surplus with the possibility to be exported for commercialization. For this, studies of losses, gains and investments are carried out with the introduction of straw in the industry through thermodynamics analysis to generate energy, production of alcohol and sugar, efficiencies of equipment like as mechanical cane harvest, washing system of cane to be dried, mincer of straw, high-pressure boiler, milling of sugar cane, among others. As the lower power heating of the straw is nearly twice of lower power heating the bagasse the generation of energy for commercialization presents a great advantage for the factories, and the losses in production of sugar and alcohol are not much significant due to the high value of electric energy sale / Mestre

Clean and safe water is important for the well being of all organisms on earth. Therefore, it is important to reduce harmful emissions from industrial processes that use water in different ways. In vehicle washing processes, water is used in high-pressure processes, as a medium for detergents, and for rinsing of vehicles. The wastewater produced by these functions passes through a water reclamation system. A water reclamation system has two main functions, to produce reusable water to be used in future washing cycles, and to separate contaminants and purify the wastewater so it can be released back into the commercial grid. The reclamation system achieves this by using a combination of different water handling processes, these include: sludge tanks, an oil-water separator, a water reclamation unit, buffer tanks, and a water purification unit. The two components that stand for the more advanced cleaning processes are the water reclamation unit and the water purification unit. In this thesis, in collaboration with the company Westmatic, the water reclamation unit consists of cyclone separators that use centrifugal forces to separate heavy particles and ozone treatment to break up organic substances and combat bad odors. The Purification unit of choice is an electrocoagulation unit that, by a direct current, creates flocculants of impurities that rises to the surface and can be mechanically removed in a water volume inside the unit. This purification process is completely chemical-free thus making the process more environmentally friendly than other purification processes used in other circumstances. This master thesis aimed to develop a dynamic design tool for a modular solution of the different parts in the water reclamation system. This design tool uses specific user input to produce construction information for each instance. As an additional sub-aim, this design tool was linked with a computer-aided design program to produce parametric 3D models with underlying blueprints. This to produce a light solution, that has a short manufacturing time and that are highly customer adjusted. The first course of action was to mathematically define the complete water reclamation system and its components. These sections were described in a flowchart that shows how the different parts interact and operate. From the wash station, wastewater runs trough a course- and fine-sludge tank. From the fine sludge tank, the wastewater is directed in two different directions. Firstly, the water is pumped to the water reclamation unit and to one or multiple buffer tanks to finally be used in the wash station as reclaimed water. Secondly, the water travels to an oil separator, pump chamber, and water purification unit. In the purification unit, 99% of the inlet mass is directed out of the system as purified water. The remaining 1% is directed to a depot that acts like the end stage of the whole system. After all equations were defined and the design was related to the user-defined input flow the design tool was structured. The program of choice to house the design tool is Microsoft Excel. In this Excel document, a user interface with navigation was constructed and the intended user is directed through a series of input pages where input data is defined. This data is used in a normally hidden page where constructional dimensions are calculated. The constructional dimensions are displayed to the user on the second last page. At this stage the Excel document can be connected to a CAD program and 3D models with blueprints can be opened that depend on the output from the Excel file. Additionally, a pipe calculator is provided on the last page of the Excel document where pipe dimensions for different cases can be found. With this solution, glass fiber tanks are molded according to the resulting blueprints that are customer specific. In this way the solution is more adaptive and easier to handle. Additionally, the provided design tool enables an easier and more well-defined methodology when deriving the different needed volume and accompanied constructional dimensions for an arbitrary water reclamation system.