Darbo tikslas: įvertinti maisto tvarkymo subjektuose naudojamo vandens kokybę, jos kitimo priežastis bei gerinimo priemones rajone. Darbo uždaviniai: 1.Įvertinti rajonui tiekiamo vandens indikatorinius ir toksinius rodiklius ir palyginti su vandens vartotojų gaunamais vandens kokybės rodikliais vandens vartojimo vietose. 2.Nustatyti vartotojų požiūrį į vandens kokybę bei jos gerinimo būdus. 3.Išanalizuoti tiekėjų ir vartotojų informuotumą, tarpinstitucinį bendradarbiavimą, siekiant užtikrinti geriamojo vandens kokybę. Tyrimo metodika: Analizuoti 2006-2007 m. duomenys apie geriamojo vandens kokybės rodiklius iš vandens tiekėjo (UAB „Raseinių vandenys“) ir vandens vartotojų (286 maisto tvarkymo įmonių) tyrimo protokolų. Anketinis tyrimas atliktas 2007 metų vasario-balandžio mėnesiais. Tiriamąją grupę sudarė visų Raseinių rajone esančių maisto tvarkymo subjektų atstovai. Išdalintos 286 anketos, atsako dažnis 100 proc. Tyrime dalyvavo 182 prekybos, 93 viešojo maitinimo ir 11 gamybos įmonių atstovų. Anketiniai duomenys buvo apdoroti ir analizuojami naudojant statistinį duomenų analizės paketą SPSS 12.0. Rezultatai: 2006-2007 m.m. vandens, tiekiamo UAB „Raseinių vandenys“, kokybės ir saugos rodikliai neviršijo leistinų normų. Rodiklių neatitikimai pasitaikė įmonėse, kurias aptarnauja smulkūs tiekėjai. 94,1 proc. subjektų naudojasi stambių, o 5.9 proc. naudojasi smulkių tiekėjų paslaugomis. Tyrimo rezultatus analizuoja 43,4 proc. respondentų. 56,3 % subjektų rezultatais pasidomi tik... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the thesis: evaluate the quality of water used in food treatment objects, reasons its variation and means of water quality improvement in the district. Tasks of the thesis: 1. Evaluate indicative and toxic indexes of water supplied to the district and compare them with the quality indexes of water received by consumers at places of water consumption. 2. Identify the attitude of consumers towards water quality and ways of improvement. 3. Analyse the awareness of suppliers and consumers, interinstitutional cooperation ensuring high quality of potable water. Methods: analysis was based on data of 2006-2007 on the potable water quality indexes derived from the research protocols of the supplier – private Limited Liability Company “Raseinių vandenys” and water consumers - 286 food treatment companies. A questionnaire survey was done in February-April, 2007. Target group consisted of all food treatment objects’ representatives in Raseiniai district. 286 questionnaires were distributed; response rate was 100%. Representatives from 182 trade companies, 93 public catering companies and 11 production companies participated. Questionnaire data of food treatment objects were processed and analysed applying the statistic data analysis pack SPSS 12.0. Results: in 2006-2007 quality and safety indexes of potable water supplied by UAB „Raseinių vandenys“ did not exceed permissible standards. Non-conformity of indexes occurred in companies serviced by small suppliers. 94.1% food... [to full text]

A comprehensive survey of the presence of trihalomethane (THM) compounds, as chlorination by-products, in drinking water in Kuwait have been performed. The survey covers the whole drinking water treatment cycle, starting with sea water and ending with the consumer tap. The data generated by the survey was all derived from actual water treatment plants, operating under normal conditions. All four trihalomethane compounds, namely; chloroform (CHCI3), bromodichloromethane (CHBrCI2), dibromochloromethane (CHBr2CI) and bromoform (CHBr3) were covered. The study clearly showed that, although considerable amounts of THM compounds did form as a result of chlorination of sea water entering the multi-stage flash (MSF) distillation plants, these plants were highly efficient in removing these compounds. The average removal efficiency, based on THM compounds mass load in the sea water feed, was around 95%. Factors which were found to have an influence on the degree of formation of these compounds, include, chlorination practice (continuous vs. shock), sea water temperature, level of organic precursors and contact time. Of much more important consequence, as far as the presence of these compounds in drinking water is concerned, was the degree of THM compounds formation as a result of the chlorination of drinking water before it is pumped to the consumer. Here, not only all the compounds formed remain in the water but there is a definite tendency for continuous formation well after the actual chlorination process has taken place. Factors which were found affecting this formation include water temperature, contact time and chlorination dosage. Although, all samples collected showed that the presence of THM compounds was always below the United States Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level of 100 ~g/L, a need exists for the optimization of all chlorination processes with particular emphasis on the chlorination of drinking water. In almost all kinds of water encountered in this study, bromoform was found to be by far the most dominant compound.

Literature survey shows that with, a few exceptions, the consumer behaviour of domestic water consumers has not been a common area of research. This explains the scarcity of information in this specific field. This scarcity was noted in the region and very much so in the context of Mauritius. And yet, such information is very much relevant for the management of the water sector, for the improvement of the service, for policy makers, for personal and social development and for achieving consumer satisfaction. This research brings about information that would contribute in its own way to these areas. The object of this thesis is to study the consumer behaviour in respect of domestic water consumers in Mauritius, to develop new theories and to build a consumer behaviour model. The thesis, at its outset, gives the background of the research. It contains the description of the water supply situation in Mauritius, its production, its distribution and its management. The brief on the people of Mauritius helps to put in the right context the pluricultural nature of the Mauritian society which is important for the understanding of the consumer behaviour of Mauritians. The literature survey, inter-alia, gives the historical development of consumer behaviour, its relevance to marketing, and its study as a discipline in its own right. The very scarcity of theories and models of consumer behaviour of domestic water consumers cannot be overlooked. The literature survey, therefore, covers some of the theories and models specifically on commodities. These models along with the literature review serve as theoretical foundation for the present research The models of consumer behaviour which have been literature reviewed have further enabled to construct an integrated model of consumer behaviour which serves as a framework for the discussion and analysis of the new model which is developed during the course of this research. The research is one mainly of general interest and can be classified as an exploratory research with a substantial contribution of descriptive research. The research has necessitated the collection of primary data. For this purpose, the objective approach was adopted and a consumer survey was carried out with the use of a direct structured questionnaire. The survey has been supplemented by discussions of focus groups. The analysis of the consumer survey is followed by the testing of the hypotheses, the development of theories and discussions on results obtained. The building of a new model of consumer behaviour based on the findings of the research is then undertaken and discussed. The thesis covers a wide spectrum from the need of a domestic water connection, consumption of domestic water, post-consumption behaviour to the illegal use of water in Mauritius. The thesis winds up with conclusions and recommendations. The specific topic of this thesis is a rare one. This research is but a step in the furtherance of knowledge. It stands as an original regional contribution to the science of management and to its development. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / DBL

Para que campanhas de conscientização e sensibilização da população encarcerada para a adoção de novos hábitos em prol do consumo consciente de água e a eliminação de vícios de desperdício resultem na redução dos volumes de água consumidos, é fundamental que elas sejam delineadas a partir da realidade do público-alvo. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho objetivou diagnosticar o consumo de água por pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade em um Presídio do interior do Estado de Minas Gerais, por meio da análise da sua percepção e comportamento em relação ao uso racional da água. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de levantamento por meio da aplicação de um questionário a uma amostra de 56 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, a fim de identificar o seu perfil de consumo, assim como recorreu à pesquisa documental com o propósito de determinar o Indicador de Consumo (ID) da população investigada, medida que serviu de parâmetro para comparações. Os resultados obtidos permitiram observar que apesar do consumo de água exagerado em comparação à população em geral, as pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade apresentam percepção positiva (favorável) em relação à temática do uso racional da água. Quanto aos seus hábitos de consumo, simples ações realizadas diariamente, como fechar o registro da torneira enquanto lava as mãos e escova os dentes, assim como reduzir o tempo de banho, concretizam a boa intenção em práticas eficientes. A partir desta análise, conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de campanhas educativas de conscientização e sensibilização para a prática de bons hábitos em prol do consumo consciente de água e a eliminação de vícios de desperdício não resulta na redução do volume de água consumido. Para tanto sugere-se a implementação de tecnologias economizadoras que dependem da eficiência do componente em si para reduzir e controlar o consumo de água entre as pessoas em situação de privação de liberdade. / For that awareness campaigns and awareness among the people incarcerated for the adoption of new habits in favor of the conscious consumption of water and the elimination of the vices of waste resulting in the reduction of the volumes of water consumed, it is crucial that they are drawn from the reality of the target public. In this perspective, this study aimed to diagnose the water consumption by persons in a situation of deprivation of liberty in a prison in the interior of Minas Gerais State, through the analysis of their perception and behavior in relation to the rational use of water. To this end, we carried out a survey of survey through the application of a questionnaire to a sample of 56 individuals of both sexes, in order to identify your consumption profile, as well as turned to documentary research with the purpose of determining the Indicator of Consumption (ID) in the population investigated, since it served as a parameter for comparison. The results allowed to observe that although the water consumption exaggerated compared to the general population, people in a situation of deprivation of liberty have positive perception (favorable) in relation to the theme of rational use of water. As for their consumption habits, simple actions performed daily, how close the record of the cock while washing their hands and brush your teeth, as well as reduce the time, clarify the good intention into practice efficient. From this analysis, it is concluded that the development of educational campaigns of awareness and awareness of the practice of good habits in favor of the conscious consumption of water and the elimination of the vices of waste may not result in a reduction in the amount of water consumed. For both it is suggested that the implementation of technological measures would reduce and monitor water consumption among people in a situation of deprivation of liberty.

Literature survey shows that with, a few exceptions, the consumer behaviour of domestic water consumers has not been a common area of research. This explains the scarcity of information in this specific field. This scarcity was noted in the region and very much so in the context of Mauritius. And yet, such information is very much relevant for the management of the water sector, for the improvement of the service, for policy makers, for personal and social development and for achieving consumer satisfaction. This research brings about information that would contribute in its own way to these areas. The object of this thesis is to study the consumer behaviour in respect of domestic water consumers in Mauritius, to develop new theories and to build a consumer behaviour model. The thesis, at its outset, gives the background of the research. It contains the description of the water supply situation in Mauritius, its production, its distribution and its management. The brief on the people of Mauritius helps to put in the right context the pluricultural nature of the Mauritian society which is important for the understanding of the consumer behaviour of Mauritians. The literature survey, inter-alia, gives the historical development of consumer behaviour, its relevance to marketing, and its study as a discipline in its own right. The very scarcity of theories and models of consumer behaviour of domestic water consumers cannot be overlooked. The literature survey, therefore, covers some of the theories and models specifically on commodities. These models along with the literature review serve as theoretical foundation for the present research The models of consumer behaviour which have been literature reviewed have further enabled to construct an integrated model of consumer behaviour which serves as a framework for the discussion and analysis of the new model which is developed during the course of this research. The research is one mainly of general interest and can be classified as an exploratory research with a substantial contribution of descriptive research. The research has necessitated the collection of primary data. For this purpose, the objective approach was adopted and a consumer survey was carried out with the use of a direct structured questionnaire. The survey has been supplemented by discussions of focus groups. The analysis of the consumer survey is followed by the testing of the hypotheses, the development of theories and discussions on results obtained. The building of a new model of consumer behaviour based on the findings of the research is then undertaken and discussed. The thesis covers a wide spectrum from the need of a domestic water connection, consumption of domestic water, post-consumption behaviour to the illegal use of water in Mauritius. The thesis winds up with conclusions and recommendations. The specific topic of this thesis is a rare one. This research is but a step in the furtherance of knowledge. It stands as an original regional contribution to the science of management and to its development. / Graduate School of Business Leadership / DBL