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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Deepwater ventures : organizing for Gulf of Mexico well construction operations

Hernandez, Carlos Alberto, 1983- 15 February 2011 (has links)
Deepwater Gulf of Mexico well construction operations are some of the most challenging and expensive operations in the E&P industry; not only does the outer continental shelf of the Gulf of Mexico present the distinct environmental challenges of hurricanes and loop currents, its geologic profiles can include such challenges as salt, tar or pressurized zones. To overcome these challenges technology is being pushed to its operational and mechanical limits but technology advances can only accomplish so much without the presence of capable personnel. In the E&P industry, human resources are becoming more limited due to the “Big Crew Change”; a disproportionate relief of the retiring Baby Boomers by Generation X workforce that now requires Generation Y assistance. Regardless of the aforementioned, operators venture out into deepwater with hopes to capitalize on the recently discovered attractive development and exploratory opportunities, but to do so they must organize and properly develop their internal well construction organization in a manner that all members are capable to address the challenges as they come. Therefore, team organization is an operator’s priority, a challenge that should be addressed through common project management practices. This paper parallels the project management practices to establish the appropriate organizational structure for an operator’s deepwater well construction group, manage the human resources to properly delineate responsibilities and to structure their staff management processes to acquire, develop and manage personnel in a manner scalable with the operator’s expansion agenda. / text
2

[pt] ANÁLISE DE INCERTEZAS E REDUÇÃO DE CENÁRIOS EM ALOCAÇÃO DE RECURSOS DE TAREFAS DE SONDAS MARÍTIMAS: UMA ABORDAGEM DE MACHINE LEARNING / [en] UNCERTAINTY AND SCENARIO REDUCTION IN MATERIAL RESOURCES ALLOCATION OF OFFSHORE RIGS: A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH

RACHEL MARTINS VENTRIGLIA 18 April 2024 (has links)
[pt] O planejamento de recursos materiais é uma parte importante do gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. As tarefas na cadeia de suprimentos precisam de materiais e recursos para serem executadas e, portanto, alocar os recursos corretamente é uma parte importante do planejamento de tarefas. Especificamente, as tarefas de construção de poços submarinos requerem a utilização de recursos, como sondas, e o planejamento do cronograma dessas operações envolve o dimensionamento de diversos materiais e serviços necessários para sua execução. Este estudo é motivado pelo planejamento de programação real de uma grande empresa de Óleo e Gás que estima estocasticamente a demanda por materiais e serviços devido às incertezas associadas às tarefas em suas datas de início e durações. O cálculo da demanda varia de acordo com o cronograma atual que a empresa possui e a um conjunto de regras que indicam condições de alocação, parâmetros logísticos, condições de desembarque e dependências para alocar as ferramentas e serviços necessários para cada tarefa e estimar sua quantidade e quantos dias em que serão usados. Este conjunto de ferramentas e regras pode mudar dependendo do usuário e de seu conhecimento operacional. Além disso, a empresa utiliza um grande número de cenários, o que resulta em tempos computacionais extremamente altos e impacta a tomada de decisões operacionais. Nesse contexto, a redução de cenários poderia auxiliar a empresa no seu processo de tomada de decisão. A metodologia proposta neste trabalho avalia e identifica cenários representativos de incerteza nos cronogramas de planejamento estratégico de sondas offshore, a fim de reduzir o número de cenários utilizados no cálculo da demanda por ferramentas e serviços. Com a utilização de técnicas não supervisionadas, como k-means e agrupamento hierárquico, foi identificado um subconjunto com os cenários mais representativos para a redução de cenários. A Distância de Wasserstein e a visualizações gráficas foram utilizadas para calcular a representatividade dos cenários selecionados e encontrar o melhor subconjunto. Além disso, o subconjunto de cenários proveniente da redução também foi utilizado para analisar o impacto da redução no cálculo da demanda. O Clustering Aglomerativo com Ward Linkage obteve os melhores resultados de clusterização e representatividade, resultando em um subconjunto de redução de 782 cenários. Para encontrar um conjunto mínimo representativo de cenários, foi utilizado o melhor método de agrupamento, junto com a Distância de Wasserstein, e por fim obtido um número de 343 cenários. Isto apresenta uma redução de 84 por cento no tempo de execução do cálculo da demanda, com o erro maior de 11 por cento no cálculo da demanda. / [en] Material resource planning is an integral part of supply chain management. The tasks in the supply chain need materials and resources to be executed, thus, allocating resources correctly is an important part of task scheduling. Specifically, construction tasks for subsea wells require the use of resources, such as rigs, and planning the schedule of these operations involves the sizing of various materials and services necessary for their execution. This study is motivated by real-life scheduling planning from a large Oil and Gas company that estimates the demand for materials and services stochastically due to the uncertainties associated with the tasks in their start dates and durations. The calculation of the demand is subject to the current schedule that the company has and a set of rules that indicate allocation conditions, logistics parameters, disembarking conditions, and dependencies to allocate the tools and services needed for each task and estimate their quantity and how many days they will be used. These sets of tools and rules can change depending on the user and their operation knowledge. Additionally, the company uses a large number of scenarios, which results in extremely high computational times and impacts operational decision-making. In this context, scenario reduction could assist the company in its decision-making process. The methodology proposed in this work evaluates and identifies representative scenarios of uncertainty in strategic planning schedules of offshore rigs in order to reduce the number of scenarios used in the calculation of the demand for tools and services. With the use of unsupervised techniques, such as k-means and hierarchical clustering, we identified a subset with the most representative scenarios for the scenario reduction. The Wasserstein Distance and graphical visualization were used to measure the representativeness of the selected scenarios and find the best subset. Moreover, the scenario reduction subset was also used to analyze the impact of the reduction in the demand calculation. The Agglomerative Clustering with Ward Linkage (hierarchical clustering) obtained the best clustering evaluation and representativeness metrics, resulting in a selected subset of 782 scenarios. To find a minimal representative set of scenarios, the best clustering method and the Wasserstein Distance were used, resulting in a number of 343 scenarios. This presents a reduction of 84 percent in the execution time of the demand calculation, with the highest error of 11 percent in the demand calculation.
3

Metodologia para avalia??o de cinem?tica de part?culas gasosas em fluidos de viscosidade vari?vel com o tempo e sua aplica??o na constru??o de po?os de petr?leo

Pinto, Gustavo Henrique Vieira Pereira 17 December 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoHVPP_TESE.pdf: 1614621 bytes, checksum: 41665985b97dd379d0430f1b97b534b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-17 / Many challenges have been presented in petroleum industry. One of them is the preventing of fluids influx during drilling and cementing. Gas migration can occur as result of pressure imbalance inside the well when well pressure becomes lower than gas zone pressure and in cementing operation this occurs during cement slurry transition period (solid to fluid). In this work it was developed a methodology to evaluate gas migration during drilling and cementing operations. It was considered gel strength concept and through experimental tests determined gas migration initial time. A mechanistic model was developed to obtain equation that evaluates bubble displacement through the fluid while it gels. Being a time-dependant behavior, dynamic rheological measurements were made to evaluate viscosity along the time. For drilling fluids analyzed it was verified that it is desirable fast and non-progressive gelation in order to reduce gas migration without affect operational window (difference between pore and fracture pressure). For cement slurries analyzed, the most appropriate is that remains fluid for more time below critical gel strength, maintaining hydrostatic pressure above gas zone pressure, and after that gels quickly, reducing gas migration. The model developed simulates previously operational conditions and allow changes in operational and fluids design to obtain a safer condition for well construction / Muitos desafios t?m sido apresentados na constru??o de po?os, dentre eles o de evitar o influxo de fluidos durante a perfura??o e cimenta??o. A migra??o de g?s ? resultante do desequil?brio de press?es dentro do po?o, quando a press?o do po?o se torna menor que a da zona contendo o g?s, e na cimenta??o isso ocorre durante o per?odo de transi??o da pasta (de fluido para s?lido). Nesse trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para avaliar a criticidade da migra??o de g?s durante a perfura??o e opera??es de cimenta??o de po?os. Foi considerado o conceito de for?a gel e atrav?s de ensaios experimentais, determinado o tempo inicial da migra??o de g?s. Foi desenvolvido um modelo mecanicista para obter a equa??o que avalia o deslocamento da bolha atrav?s dos fluidos enquanto eles gelificam. Por ser um comportamento dependente do tempo, foram feitos ensaios reol?gicos din?micos de viscosidade em fun??o do tempo. Para os fluidos de perfura??o analisados verificou-se que ? desej?vel que possuam uma gelifica??o r?pida e n?o progressiva de forma a reduzir a migra??o de g?s sem comprometer a janela operacional (diferen?a entre press?o de poros e fratura). Para as pastas analisadas verificou-se que a mais adequada ? a que se mant?m fluida por mais tempo abaixo do valor do gel cr?tico, mantendo a press?o hidrost?tica acima da press?o da zona de g?s, e ao atingir esse valor, gelifique rapidamente, reduzindo a migra??o de g?s. O modelo permite simular previamente as condi??es operacionais e propor mudan?as no projeto da opera??o e dos fluidos de forma a obter a condi??o mais segura para a constru??o do po?o

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