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<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left">The aim of this study is to evaluate the management of severe malnutrition in the two selected hospitals in North West Province.</p> </font></p>

Four Merensky reef underground exposures of different reef thickness, representative of the lithological variations exposed in mining, have been drilled and mapped. The relationship of the Merensky reef to the underlying rocks is paraconformable, and a broad-based definition of the highly variable Merensky reef, on the basis of detailed mine-wide mapping, is presented. Fifty two whole-rock samples from one drill intersection were analysed for major and trace elements by X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry, and for platinum-group elements (PGE) by Neutron Activation analysis. The remaining three drill intersections were analysed for trace elements, and for PGE in one instance. Orthopyroxene and plagioclase mineral separates from one intersection were analysed for major elements by XRF, and the mineral compositions determined. The results of the whole-rock and silicate mineral chemistry are presented and discussed. Whole-rock geochemistry is controlled by modal composition, as are most trace elements. Incompatible elements such as Nb, Zr, Ba, Y and Rb occur in elevated abundances in the feldspathic pyroxenites and show systematic low-correlation relationships with Cu, Ni, Sand the PGE. These patterns are ascribed to the pore space competition between incompatible element enriched silicate melt and sulphide melt. The PGE are systematically associated with the base metal sulphide elements, with some localised decoupling, with Pd and Au showing the greatest chalcophile nature. The other PGE are highly correlated. Deviations in the geochemistry relative to the mode are analysed and discussed. Orthopyroxene and plagioclase mineral compositions consistently define three-way lithological associations, demonstrating limited geochemical relationship between the lithologies. These lithologies represent the footwall and hangingwall norites/anorthosites and the Merensky reef/Merensky pyroxenite sequence. The Merensky reef pegmatoid and the overlying Merensky pyroxenite have more evolved Mg# and Ca# than the norite or anorthosite. Ni in orthopyroxene correlates with whole-rock Ni, providing evidence of re-equilibration. A systematic relationship exists between plagioclase and orthopyroxene mineral compositions, with Ti in both phases defining primary and re-equilibrated trends. Apart from the elevated PGE abundances in the Merensky reef, the Merensky reef and overlying Merensky pyroxenite are geochemically indistinguishable. Certain evolved element distribution patterns coincide with the zone of elevated PGE, Cu and Ni abundances. Abundant geochemical evidence is consistent with late-stage in situ hydromagmatic alteration and modification to the Merensky reef, and in part, the Merensky pyroxenite. In contrast, the texturally similar footwall and hangingwall norites show very little evidence of hydromagmatic effects, where magmatic and submagmatic processes are well preserved. The whole-rock and mineral geochemistry defines and characterises the Merensky succession and provides certain constraints for petrogenetic modelling. A multi-stage process is envisaged for the petrogenesis and evolution of the Merensky succession, involving, 1) a magmatic stage, 2) a submagmatic stage, and 3) a hydromagmatic stage. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1994.

Traditional understanding of the Canadian federation includes a belief that leadership from the federal government is necessary for effective intergovernmental relations and collective policy. The ability of the federal government to set a national vision has waned in the years since the constitutional negotiations. In its place has been a rise in interprovincial collaboration and leadership. A 30 year review of policy regarding the economic union and internal trade reveals that provincial asymmetry and incremental bilateral or regional action has shown an ability to contribute to a renewed pan-Canadian consensus. From this we can see how the system of interprovincial relations that has developed can serve to advance innovative policy and critical intergovernmental collaboration needed in the Canadian federation. / Graduate

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Mining towns, like cities, are experiencing similar outcomes of rapid-urbanisation where the opportunities that are presented by mass urbanisation and migration (economic growth, jobs and increased social engagement) are increasingly overshadowed by the consequences of over-urbanisation (housing shortages, slums and failing infrastructure). These consequences, coupled with the growing gap between the rich and the poor result in undesirable outcomes and lead to conflict, protest and violence. As such, the majority of the South African population, while striving for a better life, live in poorly serviced settlements on the outskirts of the city where crime, oppression and exploitation, contribute to a growing fragmentation of the society as a whole. These underdeveloped settlements and their working population contribute largely to supporting the wealth of the city and generating profits for a small minority. This is evident in the county’s mining operations where the disparity between the mineral wealth below ground and the social condition and poverty above ground is manifested in the failure of the social structure of the community and is responsible for the psychological and physical condition of ‘in-betweenness’. Halbwachs argues that culture and social framework, is presupposed by memory. As such, the research aims to explore collective memory and its influence on social cohesion as well as how it is manifested and mediated in the built environment. The research is concerned with establishing a consciousness in design that values humanity in the process and outcomes (i.e. From inception, through design development, construction and realisation). Consciousness in the built environment suggests a sensitive approach to social context while regenerating and revitalising new and existing communities and simultaneously providing facilities that will contribute to a socially and economically sustainable future in the wake of conflict and trauma. As such it is argued that human-nature, self-interest and competition for survival, if managed by conscience, promotes positive social advancement (Sumner, 1883).

This thesis identifies the managerial challenges facing Catholic school leaders in East Jerusalem and the West Bank and isolates those that have a relation to and influence on school Catholicity. Data were collected from 14 schools using a non-experimental, descriptive design that involved interviews with school leaders as well as conversations with staff members or teachers. To nuance all discussions and to provide concrete examples, observations of school operations and evaluation of institutional documents occurred. Analysis of the data revealed 10 functions, tasks, and behaviours (collectively called managerial challenges) that Catholic school leaders regularly carry out. Once these were identified, they were compared to the elements of school Catholicity described by Thomas Groome. A discussion about the managerial challenges facing administrators revealed that Catholic schools of East Jerusalem and the West Bank reflect one area of excellence, four areas of growth, and three areas of concern. This seven-chapter thesis was undertaken to show the collective challenges facing Catholic school leaders in East Jerusalem and the West Bank and to provide insight into how these might affect local Catholic education in the future.

Newspapers have increased their emphasis on page design and presentation due to modern design styles, competition, and changes in technology. While newspaper designers have taken on increasingly important roles in newsrooms, professional and academic literature points to a divide between "word" journalists and "visual" journalists. This researcher examined current attitudes toward this divide using Q methodology.Forty-one journalists at four Midwestern newspapers comprised the sample. The journalists sorted 50 Q statements concerning attitudes about the responsibilities of designers and the value of design to the newspaper and its readers.Upon analysis of results, respondents were divided into three factor groups: the Collaborators, the Progressives, and the Traditionalists. Respondents in all three factors agreed that design elements serve readers and cooperation between designers and other journalists benefits readers. Collaborators had the most advanced point of view on the ability of designers and other journalists to effectively work together. Progressives were highly correlated with Collaborators, but placed a heavier emphasis on the product rather than the process, expressing positive attitudes toward the ability of design elements to aid readers and add to the quality of the newspaper. Traditionalists represented a less-advanced point of view, expressing negative feelings toward collaboration and the ability of designers to contribute as journalists. Newspaper policies and philosophies appeared to dictate attitudes toward the role of design, rather than demographic characteristics or job responsibilities. / Department of Journalism

This study systematically examines contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and practices among United States Midwestern college students. The goal is to provide data on the distribution and correlates of common or "folk" knowledge that can be used to promote positive attitudes, and safer practice of contraceptive use. Many factors may influence the distribution of contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. These include innate characteristics, culture, and gender stereotypes. Hence, this study concentrates on sex/gender differences in contraceptive knowledge, attitudes, and practices. It was found that higher knowledge levels positively correlate with positive attitudes concerning contraceptive use. The ultimate goal is to ascertain what the differences are to provide a foundation to develop better education strategies for young adults. / Department of Anthropology