The purpose of this study was to identify a potentiation effect on 30 meter (m) fly sprint performance in collegiate sprinters and jumpers (M=21, W=5) following an acute bout of whole-body vibration. The WBV protocol consisted of one 30 second bout at 50 Hz, ~3 mm amplitude, and 60 seconds rest before a 30m fly sprint. Sprint times were measured using timing gates, and characteristics of strength and power were measured using a force plate. Analysis included measures of jump height, peak power, peak force, and rate of force development. Each subject participated in 3 separate trials using randomized treatment sessions over 3 months of preparation training. The control condition consisted of no vibration and WBV treatment 1 and 2 incorporated vibration. Statistics comparing the average sprint times showed no treatment effects. The results of this study indicate that WBV at 50 Hz and ~3 mm amplitude has no effect on sprint times.

Functional adaptations in human skeletal muscle following a period of resistance exercise are the result of regular activation of cellular signaling pathways that elevate muscle protein synthesis. It has been reported that the addition of whole body vibration (WBV) to a resistance exercise program enhances performance. Such improvements in muscle function may be the result of increased activation of cellular signaling pathways associated with muscle growth. Purpose: We have investigated whether an acute bout of resistance exercise in combination with WBV results in a greater activation of the mTOR signaling pathway compared to resistance exercise alone. Methods: Eight untrained college-age males (23 ± 2 yrs, 179 ± 1 cm, 75.0 ± 2.5 kg, and 12.6 ± 1.8% body fat) performed unilateral leg press exercises with (Vbx) and without (RT) vibration. Muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle pre-exercise (baseline) and one-hour following the bout of resistance exercise. Muscle tissue samples were analyzed for phosphorylated levels of mTOR, p70S6K, and 4E-BP1 proteins. Results: One-hour following the resistance exercise bout there were no differences between phosphorylated levels of mTOR or 4E-BP1 in Vbx or RT (p > 0.05). Levels of phosphorylated p70S6K were increased at the one-hour post-exercise time-point in both Vbx (baseline: 504 ± 286 OD; post: 5039 ± 2351 OD, p < 0.05) and RT (baseline: 356 ± 131 OD; post: 5430 ± 1218 OD, p < 0.05); however, there was no difference in protein phosphorylation levels between conditions (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Vibration does not augment acute activation of the mTOR signaling pathway in human skeletal muscle suggesting that performance benefits resulting from combining resistance exercise and vibration may not be the result of an enhanced cellular growth response.

Background: Vascular dysfunction due to hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes is a factor contributing to distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduce the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), a powerful vasodilator, resulting in reduced circulation and nerve ischemia. Increases in blood NO concentrations and circulation have been attributed to whole body vibration (WBV). The purpose of this study was to the determine the effects of low frequency, low amplitude WBV on whole blood NO concentration and skin blood flow (SBF) in individuals with symptoms of DSP. Research Design and Methods: Ten subjects with diabetes and impaired sensory perception in the lower limbs participated in this cross-over study. Each submitted to two treatment conditions, WBV and sham, with a one week washout period between. Blood draws for NO analysis and Doppler laser image scans of SBF were performed before, immediately after and following a 5 minute recovery of each the treatments. Results: Low frequency, low amplitude WBV vibration significantly increased skin blood flow compared to the sham condition (p=0.0115). Whole blood nitric oxide concentrations did not differ between the WBV and sham condition immediately or 5 minutes post-treatment ( p=0.1813) Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that subjects with diabetes respond to whole body vibration with increased skin blood flow compared to sham condition. The implication is that WBV is a potential non-pharmacological therapy for neurovascular complications of diabetes.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of whole body vibration training (WBVT) as a modality for inducing changes in body composition and muscular strength in sedentary, overweight/obese post-menopausal women. The WBVT program was compared to other training regimens commonly used as weight loss strategies or to increase muscular strength. These training regimens were aerobic training (AT) and circuit resistance training (CT). The postmenopausal women (48 to 60 years of age) were randomly assigned to one of the following exercise training regimens: WBVT, CT or AT. Participants performed their training regimens three times per week for 8 weeks. The training regimens were progressive in nature with increases in training intensity and duration occurring throughout the 8-week period. Body composition and bone mineral density data were obtained by DEXA analyses. Upper and lower body strengths were determined by one repetition maximum (1-RM) chest press and leg press, respectively. A treadmill VO2peak test was performed to assess aerobic capacity. The following statistical analyses were performed: a 3 x 2 repeated measures ANOVA, with three levels of exercise modalities (WBVT, AT, and CT) and two levels of time (pre and post); one-way ANOVA on change scores; and, because sample size was small, non-parametric analyses. There were no significant effects of any of the training modalities for percent body fat, lean body mass, bone mineral density, or VO2peak. The 1-RM for lower body strength increased for all three training modalities. The 1-RM for upper body strength increased for the CT modality. The results indicate that 8 weeks of WBVT is as effective as CT and AT training regimens for increasing lower body strength in post-menopausal women. None of the 8-week training modalities influenced changes in body composition, bone mineral density, or VO2peak. / Kinesiology

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Osteoporose ist eine Krankheit, die weltweit Millionen Menschen betrifft und in Anbetracht der überalternden Gesellschaft in Zukunft weiter an Relevanz gewinnen wird. Dass sich eine Ganzkörpervibration vorteilhaft auf Osteoporose auswirken kann, wurde schon in vorausgegangenen Studien belegt (Rubin et al. 2001b; Flieger et al. 1998; Oxlund et al. 2003; Sehmisch et al. 2009; Stuermer et al. 2010a; Stuermer et al. 2010b). Jedoch konnte bisher keine Klarheit über die optimale Anwendung (Dauer, Häufigkeit, Frequenz, Ausrichtung, Amplitude) gewonnen werden. Die bisherigen Versuche unterschieden sich lediglich in den verwendeten Frequenzen und der Therapiedauer.  Um die unterschiedlichen Einflüsse von vertikaler und horizontaler Vibration auf die osteoporotische Frakturheilung zu untersuchen, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit ein Tierversuch mit 90 weiblichen Ratten durchgeführt. 15 wurden scheinoperiert und 75 wurden ovarektomiert. Innerhalb einer Latenzzeit von 8 Wochen entwickelten die ovarektomierten Versuchstiere eine Osteoporose. Im Folgenden wurden alle Tiere an der Tibiametaphyse standardisiert osteotomiert und mittels Plattenosteosynthese versorgt. Es wurden sechs Versuchsgruppen gebildet: Vier Gruppen wurden einer horizontalen bzw. vertikalen Ganzkörpervibration mit 35 Hz oder 70 Hz ausgesetzt (35Hz vert, 70Hz vert, 35Hz horiz und 70Hz horiz). Die übrigen zwei Gruppen erhielten keine Ganzkörpervibration, wobei eine Gruppe aus nicht ovarektomierten (SHAM) und die andere Gruppe aus Tieren nach Ovarektomie bestand (OVX). Die Ganzkörpervibration wurde zweimal täglich über einen Zeitraum von vier Wochen mit einer Amplitude von 0,5 mm durchgeführt. Nach Beendigung dieses Zeitraumes wurden die Tiere per Dekapitation getötet und die Tibiae entnommen. Anschließend wurden ein biomechanischer Test, eine μCT-Untersuchung, eine mikroradiographische Untersuchung sowie eine polychrome Sequenzmarkierung durchgeführt. Die ersten beiden Untersuchungen konnten am präparierten Knochen vorgenommen werden. Die letzteren erfolgten nach Einbettung der Knochen in Methylmetacrylat und der Anfertigung von ca. 120 µm dicken histologischen Schnitten. Der biomechanische Test zeigte keine signifikante Veränderung der Elastizität oder der Streckgrenze in allen Gruppen zueinander. Die biomechanischen Eigenschaften des Kallus konnten nur tendenziell bei den hohen Frequenzen von 70 Hz vertikal und 70 Hz horizontal verbessert werden. In der μCT-Untersuchung konnte weder durch horizontale noch durch vertikale Ganzkörpervibration ein signifikanter positiver Einfluss auf die Frakturheilung im Vergleich zur osteoporotischen Kontrollgruppe nachgewiesen werden. Es zeigten sich jedoch positive Tendenzen durch die horizontale Vibration bei 70 Hz. Die mikroradiographische Untersuchung ergab einen positiven Einfluss der vertikalen und der horizontalen WBV bei 70 Hz. Die horizontale Vibration bei 70 Hz konnte im Vergleich zur osteoporotischen Kontrollgruppe die Kortikalisdicke distal ventral, den Knochendurchmesser proximal, die Kallusdicke ventral, die Knochendichte des ventralen und die des endostalen Kallus verbessern.  In der polychromen Sequenzmarkierung konnte insgesamt durch die WBV eine Verschlechterung der frühen und eine Verbesserung der mittleren und späten osteoporotischen Frakturheilung gezeigt werden. In der frühen Phase wirkten sich ventral sowie endostal alle Frequenzen nachteilig aus. In der mittleren Phase war die horizontale Vibration bei 70 Hz in Bezug auf die dorsale Kallusfläche signifikant vorteilhaft gegenüber der osteoporotischen Kontrollgruppe. In der späten Phase erreichte die Gruppe mit horizontaler 35 Hz-Therapie in Bezug auf die ventrale Kallusfläche gegenüber der osteoporotischen Gruppe und der Gruppe mit vertikaler 35 Hz-Therapie signifikante Steigerungen. Dorsal zeigten beide horizontalen Frequenzen signifikant größere Kallusflächen als die Gruppe mit vertikaler 35 Hz-Therapie.  In der Zusammenschau aller durchgeführten Untersuchungen dieser Arbeit kristallisierte sich die horizontale Ganzkörpervibration bei 70 Hz als die vorteilhafteste Frequenz heraus, um die osteoporotische Frakturheilung an der Tibiametaphyse positiv zu beeinflussen.

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Orientador: Ivan Felismino Charas dos Santos / Abstract: The "TheraPlate" triplanar vibrating platform is an equipment that generates sinusoidal mechanical vibrations that spread throughout the body, increasing regional blood flow and bone mineral density; and neuromuscular stimulation. Since there is no study on the acute affects of this platform on cardiorespiratory parameters in healthy dogs of different age groups, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the triplanar vibrating platform "TheraPlate" in the cardiovascular and respiratory parameters. Seven young and seven elderly dogs, of medium size, breed and varied sex, and similar body structure were used. The dogs were submitted to the single session of the TheraPlate triplanar vibrating platform at the frequency of 30 Hz for 5 minutes, followed by increasing the frequency to 50 Hz for 5 minutes and ending at the 30 Hz frequency for 5 minutes without rest. The electrocardiogram was evaluated at different times; Doppler echocardiography; carotid artery doppler; systolic blood pressure; hemogasometry; heart and respiratory rate; rectal body temperature; blood count; biochemistry, cardiac marker, and glycemia were evaluated in diffetent moments. Statistical analyses were performed using the Shapiro-Wilks test, the fit of the mixed model and the Mann-Whitney test. For all analyses, a significant difference was considered when the p-value was less than 0.05. The morphometric data of young and elderly dogs were similar and classified with a body proportion below 1. Para... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumo: A plataforma vibratória triplanar é um equipamento que gera vibrações mecânicas sinusoidais que se propagaram por todo corpo, aumentando o fluxo sanguíneo regional e densidade mineral óssea; e estimulação neuromuscular. Visto que não existe nenhum estudo sobre os efeitos agudos da plataforma vibratória triplanar nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios em cães hígidos de difrentes faixas etárias, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da mesma nos parâmetros cardiovasculares e respiratórios. Foram utilizados sete cães jovens e sete cães idosos, de porte médio, de raça e sexo variado, e estrutura corpórea similar. Os cães foram submetidos à sessão única da plataforma vibratória triplanar (TheraPlate), na frequência de 30 Hz por 5 minutos, seguidos de aumento da frequência para 50 Hz por 5 minutos e terminando na frequência de 30 Hz por 5 minutos, sem descanso. Foi avaliado, em diferentes momentos, o eletrocardiograma; ecodopplercardiograma; dopplerfluxometria; pressão arterial sistólica; hemogasometria; frequência cardíaca e respiratória; temperatura corporal retal; hemograma; bioquímica sérica, marcador cardíaco e glicemia. As análises estatísticas foram utilizadas o teste Shapiro-Wilks, o ajuste do modelo misto e o teste Mann- Whitney. Para todas as análises foi considerada diferença significativa quando o p-valor foi menor que 0,05. Os dados morfométricos dos cães jovens e idosos foram similares e classificados com a proporção corporal abaixo de 1. Os parâmetros... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre