A single case narrative approach is utilized to investigate the life-time experience of voice. This study arises out of research in psychology, where the concept of voice has emerged as a metaphor by which women view and experience themselves, the world, and their place in it; a metaphor central to intellectual, ethical, identity development and self-worth. This research focuses on identifying in the metaphor of voice, the constituent components of that experience throughout a life-time. It examines voice within contexts, roles, relationships and socialization processes in which it occurs in order to document complex and interrelated components of that experience including social and psychic elements, problem areas, coping responses, strategies and attributes of voice. The choice of a co-researcher in this study, a singer/songwriter -- for whom an awareness of voice is heightened -- allows this study to serve as a revelatory case. Data included taped and transcribed accounts of interviews as well as songs written by the co-researcher. The co-researcher's story revealed danger areas for voice, in a loss of voice from age 12-24, including adolescence, marriage, motherhood, mother/daughter and father/daughter relationships. It illuminated adaptive and self-empowering strategies and highlighted elements of the metaphor including interaction/release, support, recognition, experimenting/stretching beyond confining ideals, being taken seriously, something to offer, and appreciation/being heard. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a course in counsel 1ing-women. The evaluation considered increased awareness, attitudinal and behaviour changes in female counsellors-in-training. Sex bias and sex role stereotyping have been reported in studies of psychotherapeutic practice but the extent and effects of sex role stereotyping by counsellors is an unresolved issue. The need for more awareness and knowledge of women's special issues has been widely stated. A quasi-experimental design was used with female counsellors-in-training as the experimental group and female counsellors-in-training who have not yet taken the course as the control subjects. Both groups were tested at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the thirteen week course. Two objective written measures (Salient Issues Measure by Jean, Lafromboise & Plake, 1981; Therapists' Attitude toward Women Scale by Sherman, Koufacos & Kenworthy, 1978) and questions about videotaped vignettes depicting female clients (Videotape Questionnaire by Kahn & Theurer, 1981) were used as instruments to detect changes in the subjects' awareness of, and attitudes toward, women's issues. Statistically significant differences were found on some of the measures indicating that the course was effective in changing the subjects' attitude toward women, their understanding of socio-cultural issues, and strategy and goal planning. Other measures revealed no statistically significant differences; indicating either measurement problems or lack of course related effects. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Mythe predominant de la poesie surrealiste, la femme-Deesse offre les complexite's et difficulties d'interpretation caracteristiques des produits de l'"automatisme psychique pur." Le recours a la psychanalyse freudienne et surtout jun-gienne paraxt logiquement s'imposer pour la comprehension et 1'etude litteraire du reseau d'images psychiques rattachees a ce mythe central. II s'agit done, tout d'abord, une fois la predominance du mythe de la femme-Deesse etablie dans l'imaginaire surrealiste et ses aspects generaux etudies, de degager les decouvertes maxtresses de la psychanalyse jungienne concernant l'archetype de la Grande Deesse dite "Magna Mater" et de voir dans quelle mesure elles peuvent etre utiles a l'interpretation litteraire de ce mythe surrealiste. L'etape suivante consiste en l'emploi de certaines notions jungiennes comme grandes lignes directrices. Ces notions, no-tamment celles concernant l'aspect mythique de l'archetype et son dynamisme, servent d'hypothese de travail a l'etude du mythe de la femme-Deesse. Cette methode d'investigation se prouve fructueuse. Elle nous permet de degager et d'etudier les motifs mythiques divers associes a la femme-Deesse. Elle rend possible l'exploration interne de son dynamisme dans ses phases et ses modalites diverses d'action destructrice et regeneratrice. En d'autres termes, elle permet de constater que la femme-Deesse agit sans cesse sur le moi du poete en le detruisant presque toujours et en le regenerant parfois. Ce processus poetique ressemble aux processus de l'Al-chimie et des rites d'initiation matriarcaux et primitifs et a ce que Jung a appele, dans sa psychologie des profondeurs, "processus d'individuation" ou realisation du "Soi" par le "moi". II semblerait indiquer que la poesie surrealiste est archetypi-que: elle reflete en effet, comme les reves et les fantaisies psychiques, les metamorphoses vibrantes et prenantes, trans-mutatrices du conscient et des profondeurs, de l'Anima - Grande Deesse, qui est, selon les jungiens, la personnification feminine de la psyche. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

Since 1990, the percentage of women in STEM in the United States has not increased (Landivar, 2013). Women make up only 24% of the STEM workforce whereas they make up around 50% of the workforce across all occupations (Beede et al., 2011). Thus, there is a deficit of women in STEM. Much of the research available addressing this concern is focused on what interests women in STEM. Very little research is available with women truly working in STEM fields or addressing the retention of women in STEM. In the current study, I investigated factors that may play a role in the retention of women in STEM. I hypothesized that there would be differences in communal goal endorsement, career adaptability, stereotype threat, sexual harassment, and work satisfaction between women who remain in STEM and those who departed from STEM. Data was collected via self-report survey from 212 women currently or previously in STEM. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the hypotheses. Overall, the MANCOVA was not significant, indicating that women who remained in STEM were not different than women who departed from STEM in terms of the hypothesized variables of communal goals, career adaptability, stereotype threat, sexual harassment, or job satisfaction. However, rich information regarding women’s experiences of sexual harassment in STEM was gained. Practical and research implications are discussed.

No description available.

No description available.

M.A. Florida State College for Women 1914 / Includes bibliographical references

Vhavenga vhanzhi vha mbeu ya tshifumakadzini vha vhonala vha tshi gifara nga ngila i fanaho kana nga ngila nthihi yo khetheaho, zwi no sumba u nga vha khou aluswa nga ngila i fanaho. A zwi na vhutanzi uri maitele ayo othe vha tou funzwa kana zwi bva mbeboni kana kha mvelele yavho naa. Tho isiso iyi i go togisisa uri ndi ngani vha tshi ita zwithu zwa u fana. l<ana vha zwi wana nga u humbulela kana nga ngila ya kutshilele. Ndima ya u thoma ndi ine ya go vha i tshi khou sumbedza siangane ya thogisiso, !ikumedzwa !a thaidzo, ndivho ya thogisiso, ndavhalelo ya thogisiso, ndeme ya thogisiso, mbudziso dzi fhindulwaho nga thogisiso iyi, ngona dzo shumiswaho hu tshi itwa thogisiso iyi. Musi riwana wa musidzana a tshi aluwa mutani wa Muvenga, vhabebi vha mu Qetshedza mipopi i itwaho nga mikope yo kuvhuliwaho thoro kana mavhele khayo. Vhathu vha tshifumakadzini vha ambadza hei mipopi zwiambaro. Mita i gikonaho i rengela vhana vhayo vha vhasidzana mipopi hu u itela uri vha tambe ngayo. U tamba honoho hu angaredza u bika vhuswa hu tshi shumiswa magi na mavu kana matope. Musi matope ala o no dzia vhana vha a vhidza uri ndi vhuswa.Vha leona u vhonala vha tshi khou kapudza mipopi ya mikope vhuswa ho itwaho nga mavu kana matope. Mitambo hei i thusedza vhana vha tshifumakadzini mishumo ya matshelo kha vhutshilo havho musi vho no malwa vha tshi vho go vha vhabebi vha na mita yavho. Ndi nga nthani ha siangane hei 1hogisiso iyi i tshi toga u sengulusa kualusele kwa vhana vha mbeu ya tshisadzini u ya nga mvelele ya Tshivenga u bva vhutukuni havho u v swikela vhuhulwaneni. Kha phendelo mutogisisi u go nweledza zwothe zwe a amba kha ndima iyi. Ndima ya vhuvhili ndi ine vhaliwe vhaliwali vha go talusa maipfi o faraho !hogisiso iyi sa haya: kutshilele, phatho ya kutshilele, mbeu, mbeu ya tshifumakadzini na mme. Ndima ya vhuraru ndi ine ya vha i tshi khou amba nga kudzudzanyelwe kwa !hogisiso na ngila dzo shumiswaho hune ha go ambiwa nga ngila ya khwalithethivi, ngila ya khwanthithethivi, tshigwada tsha !hogisiso, u wana sambula, tshikalo tsha sambula, ngila ya u !ogulusa. Mbudziso dzo dzudzanywaho uri vhathu vha mbeu ya tshifumakadzini vha re na vhana vha vhasidzana vha go humbelwa u dzi fhindula. Ndima ya vhuQa mutogisisi u go togisisa uri ndi zwifhio zwi vha itisaho uri vha ite zwithu zwi fanaho kana vh.a tshile kutshilele kuthihi u bva vhe vha.tuku u swika vha tshi vha vhahulwane.Henefha hu go sumbedzwa mishumo ine liwana wa musidzana u tea u gudiswa a tshi lavhelelwa u i kana hu si na thidza. Kha yeneyi ndima hu go sumbedzwa u laiwa na u kaidziwa ha musidzana musi o no vha muhulwane uri u tea u tshila nga ngilage. Ndima ya vhutanu mu!ogisisi u go sengulusa mishumo ya mazhendedzi a shumaho kha kualusele kwa liwana wa musidzana wa Muvenga mutani, zwikoloni zwa ngomani, zwik{)loni zwa musalauno, kerekeni na mishumo i itwaho nga zwiimiswa zwa nyangadzamafhungo dzi ngaho radio, thelevishini, na gurannga. Ndima ya vhurathi ndi ine ya go sumbedza mawanwa a mbudzisavhathu na phindulo dzi bvaho l<ha zwo waniwaho kha vhafumal<adzi vhe vha fhindula. vi Ndima ya vhusumbs ndi mvalatswinga ya zwoths zws zwa vha zwi tshi khou ambiwa kana u toguluswa nga hazwo. Mutogisisi u go !)Sa nyangarsdzo ya zwo wanwaho musi hu tshi itwa iyi !hogisisb, a konou QSa thsmsndslo dzins dza nga thusa uri Jushaka Ju vhons uri Ju nga itan.i uri liwana wa musidzana ano mad-uvha a nga thuswa hani zwins zwa go vhusdza sns muQs na Jushaka nga u angarsdza.

This study was carried out as part of efforts to analyse the maternal mental health interventions that are done by midwives on women and then develop mental health guidelines to be followed throughout the perinatal period in Zimbabwe. The objectives were to: analyse the effectiveness of the mental health interventions offered by midwives; measure and analyse the extent to which the levels of the psychosocial markers reflect effectiveness of the mental health interventions; explore and describe the experiences of women, midwives and key informants on the effectiveness of the mental health interventions and to develop mental health guidelines that will direct mental health interventions throughout the perinatal period in Zimbabwe. The sequential explanatory mixed method design comprising both quantitative and qualitative methods was employed. The study was divided into three phases; the quantitative then qualitative and finally the development of guidelines phase. In the quantitative phase, a Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Short form (Q-LES-SF) scale was used to measure the psychosocial scores on a purposive sample of 300 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, who had attended at least three antenatal reviews. In the same phase, a document analysis checklist was also used for retrospective analysis of the recordings of the mental health interventions on women’s maternity records from the antenatal period till discharge after childbirth. The population for the document analysis comprised 499 maternity records of women who had attended antenatal reviews and had delivered normally. Interview guides were used to conduct in-depth interviews with women, midwives and key informants. Sixteen (16) women within the age range of 22 to 38 years participated in the study. These were women who had a normal vaginal delivery and were within two months post childbirth. In-depth interviews were also conducted on 17 midwives and nine (9) key informants who participated in the study. Quantitative data for the two instruments were analysed using descriptive statistics on SPSS Version 23 package. Qualitative data were analysed through data reduction, data display and generation of categories and themes. The Q-LES-Q-SF psychosocial scale and the document analysis revealed that women have psychosocial challenges but there was lack of mental health interventions to ameliorate these challenges. The psychosocial scores were generally poor indicating that perinatal interventions are lacking or are not making much impact on the mental and social wellbeing of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. All the demographic variables were not necessarily linked to the quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction of the expectant women. It became apparent that the need for scaling up psychosocial assessments and interventions cannot be overemphasized. Document analysis clearly revealed deficient recording of the mental health attributes of midwifery care which indicates a serious gap in implementation of mental health interventions by midwives. Midwives and key informants concurred with women on several aspects; lack of knowledge and incompetency by midwives, varied attitudes with heavier inclination towards negative attitudes, disempowered midwives with resultant inability to empower women. Poor coverage of mental health in midwifery curricula, lack of standardized mental assessment procedures, heavy workloads were the other findings. Suggested ways of improving mental health were educating midwives, mentorship and preceptor ship, curriculum review, utilization of mental health protocols and validated screening tools. The findings of the study led to the development of mental health guidelines to be followed throughout the perinatal period. It is recommended that the Ministry of Health and Child Care, Zimbabwe adopt the guidelines and provide an enabling environment for their effective implementation. Further research efforts could be directed towards conducting targeted research to support implementation of the mental health guidelines. / Health Studies

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts (Community Work) at the University of Zululand in the Department of Social Work in South Africa, 2009. / This study concerns the empowerment of women in National School Nutrition Program co-operatives, with special reference to Umhabuyalingana School. As a descriptive research semi was drawn. Related literature that focuses on National School Nutrition has been consulted and discussed. Various recommendations have subsequently been made based on the findings of the study. The findings reveal that there is a need of retraining and skill development of ail stakeholders to be done intensively. It is also important that the financial background for women that are in co-operatives be considered to see whether they would have the financial capital for starting business and sustenance of the project