As estruturas lamelares de madeira foram introduzidas na Europa em 1908, no Brasil em 1922 e nos Estados Unidos em 1925. Foram muito empregadas entre as décadas de 20 e 60 para cobrirem ambientes que abrangessem grandes áreas como galpões industriais, ginásios, auditórios, pavilhões de exposição, garagens, depósitos, igrejas, salões de clube e outros. Estas estruturas são constituídas por elementos de barras denominados lamelas, que compõem uma malha losangular tridimensional em formato de abóbada. Este trabalho tem por finalidade a apresentação das recomendações de dimensionamento destas estruturas a partir da determinação dos esforços atuantes nas barras e deslocamentos dos nós, com base na atual norma brasileira NBR 7190:1997 - Projeto de estruturas de madeira. Para esta finalidade foi desenvolvido um abrangente estudo teórico e experimental a respeito do sistema estrutural e construtivo destas estruturas. Os resultados obtidos mostram a viabilidade técnica e econômica (racionalização do uso de materiais) na utilização destas estruturas para coberturas de médios a grandes vãos. / The wood segmental-lattice vaults were introduced in Europe in 1908, in Brazil in 1922 and in the United States in 1925. They were very used between the twenties and sixties for covering big areas as industrial sheds, gymnasiums, auditoriums, exposition pavilions, garages, storaged structures, churches, club salons and others. These structures are constituted by bar elements that are parts of a three dimensional quadrangular net, forming a vault. The purpose of this work is to present the design recommendations of these structures from the determination of the active efforts on the bars and nodal displacements, with basis on the Brazilian standard NBR 7190:1997 - Timber structures project and, for this purpose, was developed a broad theoretical and an experimental studies about the structural and constructive systems of these structures. The results show the technical and economic viabilities (rationalization in the use of materials) in using these structures for covering medium and long roof spans.

O Estado de Sergipe, apesar de ser o menor entre os estados da confederação, apresenta uma grande diversidade de ambientes. Sob o regime climático litorâneo, florestas tropicais prosperam contanto com grande disponibilidade hídrica, enquanto no interior, formações florestais rústicas crescem em um dos ambientes mais secos do Brasil. A dendrocronologia trata-se de uma ciência fundamentada em uma série de princípios, que devem ser atendidos em sua totalidade, e assim o foram nos diversos ambientes de Mata Atlântica/Caatinga sergipanos. Esta ciência, capaz de proporcionar estimativas acuradas da idade das árvores, sua dinâmica na comunidade, e relação com o clima, foi utilizada neste trabalho em busca de seu objetivo, tido como o estudo da espécie Cedrela odorata, e a influência de diversos fatores ambientais sob seu crescimento diamétrico, periodicidade de formação dos anéis de crescimento e para o desenvolvimento de cronologias a partir dos mesmos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em três diferentes sítios, localizados nos extremos geográficos do Estado de Sergipe, sob o domínio de atuantes climáticas díspares. Amostras de lenhos foram retiradas no DAP do tronco para as avaliações dendrocronológicas, de densitometria de raios X e isotópicas. Verificou-se a presença de grande sazonalidade climática e fenológica em todos os ambientes. Observou-se que a formação dos anéis de crescimento destas árvores foi regulada principalmente pela precipitação da estação corrente de crescimento e pela temperatura da estação anterior à esta, indicando que possuem potencial para estudos paleoclimáticos. A análise isotópica exibiu a tendência de diminuição dos valores de ?13C ao longo dos anos e o aumento dos valores da Eficiência do uso da água (iWUE). Houve diferença significativa no ritmo de crescimento do tronco das árvores entre os diferentes sítios, porém em todos eles a formação anual dos anéis de crescimento e sua relação com o clima foi confirmada, principalmente para o inédito ambiente de Caatinga, que agora pode ser inserido no cenário internacional de estudos dendrocronológicos. / The State of Sergipe, despite being among the smallest states of the confederation, has a wide range of environments. Under the regime coastal climate, rainforests thrive provided with great water availability, while inside, rustic forest formations grow in one of the driest environments in Brazil. Dendrochronology it is a science based on a series of principles that must be attended in its totality, and so they were in the different Tropical Rainforest/Caatinga environments in Sergipe. This science, capable of providing accurate estimates of trees age, their community dynamics, and relation to climate, was used in this work in pursuit of his goal, considered to be the study of the species Cedrela odorata, and the influence of several environmental factors on its diameter growth, timing of formation of the growth rings and for developing chronologies out of the same. The research was conducted at three different sites, located in the geographical extremes of the State of Sergipe, in the grip of disparate operating climate. Sample logs were removed from the trunk\'s DBA to the dendrocrhonological assessments, X-ray densitometry and isotopic. There was the presence of large climatic and phenological seasonality in all environments. It was observed that these trees growth rings formation is governed mainly by the current station precipitation and the prior station temperature, indicating that they have potential for palaeoclimatic studies. Isotopic analysis showed a trend of decreasing ?13C values over the years and the values increased efficiency of water use (IWUE). There was significant difference in the rate of growth of the tree trunk between the sites, but in all of them the formation of annual growth rings and their relationship with climate was confirmed, especially to the unprecedented Caatinga environment, which now can be inserted into the international scenario of dendrochronological studies.

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be viewed as a mathematical model to simulate natural and biological systems on the basis of mimicking the information processing methods in the human brain. The capability of current ANNs only focuses on approximating arbitrary deterministic input-output mappings. However, these ANNs do not adequately represent the variability which is observed in the systems’ natural settings as well as capture the complexity of the whole system behaviour. This thesis addresses the development of a new class of neural networks called Stochastic Neural Networks (SNNs) in order to simulate internal stochastic properties of systems. Developing a suitable mathematical model for SNNs is based on canonical representation of stochastic processes or systems by means of Karhunen-Loève Theorem. Some successful real examples, such as analysis of full displacement field of wood in compression, confirm the validity of the proposed neural networks. Furthermore, analysis of internal workings of SNNs provides an in-depth view on the operation of SNNs that help to gain a better understanding of the simulation of stochastic processes by SNNs.

The work deals with the design of a load-bearing wooden structure of a mountain hotel in the foothills of the Jeseníky Mountains. It is a building without cellar, two floors and a attic room. The floor plan of the building is 17 x 30 m with a porch of 3 x 10 m. Height of the building up to the ridge is 13.2 m. The design of the roof structure has been chosen from 2 different variants. Material usage consist of grown wood of class C24, glued laminated wood of class GL32h and steel S355. Static analysis was calculated by Dlubal RFEM software.

Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be viewed as a mathematical model to simulate natural and biological systems on the basis of mimicking the information processing methods in the human brain. The capability of current ANNs only focuses on approximating arbitrary deterministic input-output mappings. However, these ANNs do not adequately represent the variability which is observed in the systems' natural settings as well as capture the complexity of the whole system behaviour. This thesis addresses the development of a new class of neural networks called Stochastic Neural Networks (SNNs) in order to simulate internal stochastic properties of systems. Developing a suitable mathematical model for SNNs is based on canonical representation of stochastic processes or systems by means of Karhunen-Loéve Theorem. Some successful real examples, such as analysis of full displacement field of wood in compression, confirm the validity of the proposed neural networks. Furthermore, analysis of internal workings of SNNs provides an in-depth view on the operation of SNNs that help to gain a better understanding of the simulation of stochastic processes by SNNs.

The main aim of the thesis is to gain an overview of diagnostic methods used in surveys of wooden structures, comparing the results of experimental evaluation of state timber using diagnostic methods that are based on measurements of the mechanical resistance of the wood. Detailed constructional - technical survey of the truss of the historic building in Šardice is also the part of this thesis.

Prior to this thesis, there was a specialist course “Sport centre Za Lužánkami Brno”. This project was focused on planning of urbanism-architectural area with a mixture of renovated and new facilities with different functions for sport and leisure, together with professional sport opportunities. The emphasis was on collision-free paths for pedestrians and cyclists, clear transport links around the centre and terrain configuration of the area. The thesis follows on from this project, focusing on development between the hotel Bobycentrum in the South and the Lužánky swimming pool in the North. The idea of the proposal stems from the need to connect the development area to the existing network of pedestrian and cycle paths and the public transport system to minimise the use for individual car travel to the sport centre; and to connect existing and new facilities for leisure and sports. The Sport relax centre was designed with existing buildings in mind and partially follows their ground floor dimensions. The centre creates a barrier from the noisy and busy street and provides a calmer area for outdoor recreation. It fills a gap between the existing buildings and is encircled by a footpath at second level joining to the footbridges over Sportovní Street and the existing terrain in the north-western part. The footpath is ended by passageway between swimming pool and wellness centre. More and more people are looking for sport opportunities in cities however; there are still not enough quality grounds and facilities on offer. The facilities in this development are meant for regular trainings and recreation for the public, including parents with children, groups of friends as well as individual and team sports players, offering a range of day, evening and night activities both indoors and outdoors. Other facilities include outdoor changing rooms and sports equipment rental as well as spaces for meeting friends such as a restaurant, wellness and a dancing-hall.