Este trabalho objetiva contribuir ao estudo da automação portuária e sua influência na evolução dos acidentes do trabalho. A automação - sobrepondo-se à mecanização - desloca o homem no trabalho e do trabalho. Na contextualização fundamentam-se em retrospectiva e perspectiva aspectos do trabalho humano, da automação e fatores que configuram a atual complexidade do meio ambiente do trabalho portuário. A análise relaciona ocorrências aos processos de movimentação em porto das principais modalidades de cargas: granéis sólidos, granéis líquidos, contêineres e carga geral, apresentados na proposta METARAP - Metodologia de uso da Automação para a Redução de Acidentes Portuários. Para quantificar e permitir uma discussão sustentada utilizou-se dados de atividades dos TPAs -Trabalhadores Portuários Avulsos no Porto de Santos, no período 2009-2014, no qual foram aplicados mais de 30 milhões de homens hora de trabalho. Pelo conhecimento dos acidentes ocorridos, constatou-se redução de 53,97% na taxa de frequência e de 39,45% na taxa de gravidade, calculados por milhão de horas de exposição ao risco. São fatores referenciais da efetividade das ações desenvolvidas nesse sítio. Discute-se a importância da Segurança do Trabalho; o Meio Ambiente do Trabalho num contexto de progressiva automação de processos de produção; a importância de novas tecnologias e potencial para alcançar e consolidar sistemas ultra seguros em terminais e portos; e a ação efetiva da gestão e equipes de segurança do trabalho e da conscientização do trabalhador. Adicionalmente indicamse possibilidades de continuidade dos estudos. / This study aims to contribute to the improvement of port automation and its influence in the evolution of the labor accidents. Automation - overlapping with mechanization - moves the man at work and from work, both by increasing production and reducing port jobs. The contextualization is based on the aspects of human labor in retrospective and perspective, automation and factors that configure the current complexity of the environment of the port labor. The analysis relates the events to handling processes at port of main types of cargo: dry bulk, liquid bulk, containers and general cargo, presented in METARAP proposal - Methodology to the use of Automation for Port Accident Reduction. To quantify and allow a sustained discussion, it was used data from TPAs activities - Port Temporary Workers at the Port of Santos, in the period 2009-2014, in which was applied over 30 million men working hours. By knowing the accidents, there was a reduction of 53.97% in the frequency rate and 39.45% in the severity rate, calculated per million hours of exposure to risk. They are reference factors of the effectiveness of actions taken at that site. It is discussed the importance of Occupational Safety; Environment Labor in a context of progressive automation of production processes; the importance of new technologies and potential to achieve and consolidate ultra-safe systems in ports and terminals; and the effective action of management of Workplace Safety Team and worker awareness. Additionally, the possibility of further studies is indicated. .

Este trabalho objetiva contribuir ao estudo da automação portuária e sua influência na evolução dos acidentes do trabalho. A automação - sobrepondo-se à mecanização - desloca o homem no trabalho e do trabalho. Na contextualização fundamentam-se em retrospectiva e perspectiva aspectos do trabalho humano, da automação e fatores que configuram a atual complexidade do meio ambiente do trabalho portuário. A análise relaciona ocorrências aos processos de movimentação em porto das principais modalidades de cargas: granéis sólidos, granéis líquidos, contêineres e carga geral, apresentados na proposta METARAP - Metodologia de uso da Automação para a Redução de Acidentes Portuários. Para quantificar e permitir uma discussão sustentada utilizou-se dados de atividades dos TPAs -Trabalhadores Portuários Avulsos no Porto de Santos, no período 2009-2014, no qual foram aplicados mais de 30 milhões de homens hora de trabalho. Pelo conhecimento dos acidentes ocorridos, constatou-se redução de 53,97% na taxa de frequência e de 39,45% na taxa de gravidade, calculados por milhão de horas de exposição ao risco. São fatores referenciais da efetividade das ações desenvolvidas nesse sítio. Discute-se a importância da Segurança do Trabalho; o Meio Ambiente do Trabalho num contexto de progressiva automação de processos de produção; a importância de novas tecnologias e potencial para alcançar e consolidar sistemas ultra seguros em terminais e portos; e a ação efetiva da gestão e equipes de segurança do trabalho e da conscientização do trabalhador. Adicionalmente indicamse possibilidades de continuidade dos estudos. / This study aims to contribute to the improvement of port automation and its influence in the evolution of the labor accidents. Automation - overlapping with mechanization - moves the man at work and from work, both by increasing production and reducing port jobs. The contextualization is based on the aspects of human labor in retrospective and perspective, automation and factors that configure the current complexity of the environment of the port labor. The analysis relates the events to handling processes at port of main types of cargo: dry bulk, liquid bulk, containers and general cargo, presented in METARAP proposal - Methodology to the use of Automation for Port Accident Reduction. To quantify and allow a sustained discussion, it was used data from TPAs activities - Port Temporary Workers at the Port of Santos, in the period 2009-2014, in which was applied over 30 million men working hours. By knowing the accidents, there was a reduction of 53.97% in the frequency rate and 39.45% in the severity rate, calculated per million hours of exposure to risk. They are reference factors of the effectiveness of actions taken at that site. It is discussed the importance of Occupational Safety; Environment Labor in a context of progressive automation of production processes; the importance of new technologies and potential to achieve and consolidate ultra-safe systems in ports and terminals; and the effective action of management of Workplace Safety Team and worker awareness. Additionally, the possibility of further studies is indicated. .

Home care nurses (HCNs) have reported a high rate of exposure to work-related injuries (WRIs). Nurses are challenged by the multidimensional problems associated with home care safety. These contextual risk factors increase the physical and social health problems of health care workers and of community suffering as a whole. This quantitative, cross-sectional study was designed to examine the relationship between the organization-related factors (ORFs) and the environment-related factors (ERFs) and their influences on safety behaviors (SBs) and the WRIs of HCNs. The PRECEDE framework was used to guide the study. Self-reported data were obtained from 74 home health care (HHC) nurses using the Safety Home Care Nursing questionnaire. A linear regression model was applied to determine the nature of the association between the independent variables and dependents variables. Findings showed the ORFs demonstrate a stronger effect on the SBs than the impact of the ERFs. The management commitment and the home-based care significantly affected the SBs. The supervisory support and safety access to a client's home were decreasing the WRIs. Therefore, the integration of efforts: The management and leadership of the health organization, the health care providers, and the clients' family would improve safety of HHC. This study is expected to help develop safety strategies for home care and thus attempt to minimize WRIs among HCNs. Nurses free of injuries are able to provide a quality of care and improve patients' health outcomes that in turn have an effect on reducing community suffering and financial costs.

Obey the Law and Do a Little Bit Extra? The paper provides evidence on how firms’ stakeholder orientation is associated with standard measures of corporate governance using a panel of 1778 US companies during the period of 1995-2006. We construct two binary indicators, one measuring stakeholder hostility and the other stakeholder friendliness using data from KLD ratings agency. Based on these indicators, we classify firms into four groups representing stakeholder hostile, neutral, friendly and ”friendly and hostile” firms. Our results show that both stakeholder friendly and hostile firms tend to have significantly lower insider ownership, smaller option grants, lower pay-performance sensitivities, larger boards, older executive officers and directors, lower institutional ownership and larger number of anti-takeover defenses than the firms in the neutral group. We also find that the probability of stakeholder hostile activity is positively related to the strength of corporate governance, but the effect is insignificant except in local and global community areas. A possible explanation is that in these areas stakeholders are protected mainly by ethics and social norms rather than by various regulations that is commonplace in labour, environment and customer related areas. These findings lend support for the idea that stakeholders are best protected by various regulations. Corporate Governance and Workplace Safety. This paper examines how the weakening in corporate governance affects workplace safety. We use anti-takeover laws in the US in the 1980s as a source of variation in corporate governance. Our measures of workplace safety are the number of violations of OSHA workplace safety regulation, penalties paid for these violations, the number of accidents and employees’ complaints about their workplace safety. We find that firms affected by the regulation presented significantly more workplace safety violations and penalties than otherwise similar firms that were not affected by the regulation. Accidents and complaints tend to decrease as a result of the anti-takeover regulation, but the results are not entirely robust. We also document that the increase in workplace safety violations was significantly smaller in unionized firms. This suggests that unions can play an important role in curbing managerial discretion. How Responsible is Private Equity? The financial success of leveraged buyout targets (LBOs) is frequently associated with deteriorating conditions for other stakeholders, such as workers, customers, suppliers, tax-payers and society as a whole. We obtain a comprehensive set of stakeholder ratings for a sample of 373 LBOs and examine the pre-and post-LBO performance of these ratings. LBO targets are characterized by weak stakeholder relations across a number of measures compared to their peers, in terms of corporate governance, transparency, employee relations and community relations. Controlling for this selection, we do not find systematic evidence in favor of the idea that private equity funds gain at the expense of other stakeholders. Private equity ownership alters targets in the direction of higher pay, improved work-life benefits, increased charitable giving, and decreased concerns related to retirement benefits, adverse economic impact, tax disputes, unfair marketing practices and antitrust problems. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2010; Sammanfattning jämte 3 uppsatser.

O trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar e propor a utilização de soluções tecnológicas que permitam a redução dos riscos causados por arcos elétricos nas instalações de uma unidade industrial com sistema isolado de geração elétrica. Por ser extremamente danosa à segurança das pessoas que interagem com uma instalação elétrica e por causar danos significativos aos equipamentos e instalações, a energia incidente, proveniente de um arco elétrico, deve ser mensurada em conformidade com as normas existentes e os riscos devem ser controlados e mitigados, de maneira a não comprometer a integridade física das pessoas e das instalações. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho propõe alterações no sistema de proteção e a inserção de dispositivos dedicados à identificação de arcos elétricos no interior de painéis da unidade em questão, contribuindo significativamente para a redução da energia incidente liberada na ocorrência de um arco elétrico. Essa redução da energia incidente é conseguida devido à redução do tempo para eliminação da falta, necessitando, dessa forma, de dispositivos e relés de proteção voltados exclusivamente para a proteção contra arco elétrico. / This dissertation aims to evaluate and propose the use of technological solutions that enable the reduction of risks caused by arc flash on the premises of an industrial unit with insulated system of electricity generation. It may be extremely damaging to the safety of people who interact with electrical installations and could cause significant damage to the equipment and facilities, the incident energy from an arc flash should be measured in accordance with existing standards, their risks must be controlled and attenuated, in order not to compromise the physical integrity of people and facilities. That way, this paper proposes changes into the system of protection and the insertion of devices dedicated to the identification of arc flashes inside panels of the unit concerned, contributing significantly to the reduction of incident energy released in the event of an arc flash. This reduction is obtained by lowering the time for the elimination of absence, requiring, therefore, devices and protective relays devoted exclusively to protect against electric arc.

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Brian P. Niehoff / This thesis is the tool for moving companies to the next level in safety. I believe through this plan we can keep people safe in the agribusiness industry. This is very important, so that we can keep cost down and be able to stay in business; or avoid costly litigation / arbitration hearings because someone was injured on the job. When I was hired my job was to develop procedures that meet Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards, reduced injuries, and would be a continuous improvement type of program. The thesis will be introductory information in regards to safety followed by a sample safety manual that I have created by working with different safety professional in the safety industry.

This diploma thesis is about integration process of assembly line automation on rail assembly. In the beginning is introduced Bosch Company, then follows up theoretical part about automation and assembly lines. After theoretical introduction continues description of current state of rail assembly and choice the best line for automation and its detailed description. After that, the work deals with finding of the best solution for line automation. Found solutions are evaluated using the decision matrix. After the best one of them is chosen. There is also calculation of investments, because the one of important conditions is, that payback period has to be less than two years. Next step is choice of the most suitable supplier and integrator, which can cope with all requirements. At the end of thesis is analysis of risks done and thanks to this, are potentials for improvement of workplace safety found.

Η τακτική ανασκόπηση και αξιολόγηση της επίδοσης ενός οργανισμού σε θέματα εργασιακής ασφάλειας και υγείας αποτελεί απαραίτητη διεργασία για την αποτελεσματική διαχείριση των θεμάτων αυτών. Η αξιολόγηση της επίδοσης είναι στενά συνδεδεμένη με την παρακολούθηση, που στην περίπτωση της εργασιακής ασφάλειας και υγείας γίνεται μέσω δεικτών, αποτελεσμάτων και προληπτικών. Και οι δύο διεργασίες έχουν ως στόχο την παροχή πληροφοριών για την τρέχουσα επίδοση και την υποστήριξη αποφάσεων για τη βελτίωσή της. Ωστόσο, η βασική διαφορά τους έγκειται στο ότι η παρακολούθηση αποτελεί μία «περιγραφική» διεργασία, που κυρίως επικεντρώνεται σε διαδικασίες και αποτελέσματα, ενώ η αξιολόγηση αποτελεί μία «ερμηνευτική» διεργασία, που εξετάζει σε βάθος τις αλληλεπιδράσεις παραγόντων και προσπαθεί να ανακαλύψει τα αίτια που οδηγούν σε συγκεκριμένες ενέργειες ή αποτελέσματα. Η παρούσα διατριβή αφορά τη συστημική προσέγγιση που απαιτείται για την ανάπτυξη και εφαρμογή μιας διεργασίας αξιολόγησης της επίδοσης σε θέματα εργασιακής ασφάλειας και υγείας. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, η διατριβή εξετάζει αρχικά τις θεωρητικές προσεγγίσεις πάνω στο αντικείμενο της αξιολόγησης της επίδοσης σε θέματα ασφάλειας, και τις επαναπροσδιορίζει μέσα από το πρίσμα της ολιστικής προσέγγισης στα θέματα διαχείρισης της ασφάλειας. Η διατριβή στοχεύει κυρίως στη διαμόρφωση ενός θεωρητικού πλαισίου με βασικές θέσεις για τη συστημική προσέγγιση επιμέρους θεμάτων που σχετίζονται με την αξιολόγηση, όπως είναι το επίπεδο της ανάλυσης, οι αλληλεπιδράσεις παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν ή σχετίζονται με τη διαχείριση της ασφάλειας, η καθιέρωση κριτηρίων αξιολόγησης που να προκύπτουν μέσα από μια συμμετοχική διεργασία και να αντανακλούν τον συμβιβασμό μεταξύ διαφορετικών απόψεων και αντιλήψεων. Για την επικύρωση του θεωρητικού πλαισίου, προτείνεται η εφαρμογή της Μεθόδου Μαλακών Συστημάτων (Soft Systems Methodology), η οποία χρησιμοποιείται για την ανάπτυξη και την εφαρμογή μίας διεργασίας αξιολόγησης της επίδοσης σε θέματα εργασιακής ασφάλειας και υγείας σε έναν συγκεκριμένο δημόσιο οργανισμό. / Regular review and evaluation of an organisation’s occupational health and safety performance are essential processes for the effective safety management. Performance evaluation is closely related to monitoring, which, in the case of occupational health and safety is done through reactive and proactive indicators. Both processes, monitoring and evaluation, aim at providing information on the current performance, and at supporting decisions on safety improvement actions. However, their basic difference is based on the fact that monitoring is a “descriptive” process, which is mainly focused on procedures and results, while evaluation is an “interpretivistic” process, which explores the inter-relations of safety related factors and seeks to identify the causes of particular actions or results. The present thesis discusses the systemic approach required for the development and implementation of an occupational health and safety evaluation process. Towards this purpose, the various theoretical positions on the subject of safety performance evaluation are initially examined and redefined through the lens of a holistic safety management approach. This thesis aims mainly at formulating a theoretical framework consisted of basic positions on the systemic approach of specific issues related with safety performance evaluation, such as: level of analysis, inter-relations of safety related factors, evaluation criteria selected through a participatory process, thus reflecting the compromise between different views and beliefs. For the validation of this theoretical framework, Soft Systems Methodology is proposed and implemented for the development and implementation of an occupational health and safety performance evaluation process in a particular organization of the public sector.

For a multi-national company like Adidas, supply chain management is one of the most crucial aspects of business operations. Products cannot be sold unless Adidas’s supply chain is well-managed and efficient, and public perception of a brand/company is critical to success. This case study analyzes the effectiveness of Adidas's distinct “collaborative approach” to supply chain management, which is characterized by not only monitoring and auditing suppliers, but also training them to make Adidas’s standards their own and approaching suppliers with the intention of building long-term relationships where the suppliers can become self-sufficient. This study reviews the structure of Adidas's supply chain, the nature of Adidas's collaborative approach to supply chain management, the benefits that collaboration provides over the conventional "compliance" approach to supply chain management, and the potential shortcomings of Adidas's approach. A conclusion is reached that the collaborative approach is the backbone of Adidas's success as one of the largest apparel manufacturers in the world because of its holistic nature and consideration for unique cultural challenges.

In public health, prevention is a fundamentally political process as both the selection of problems to be addressed and solutions recommended reflect decisions that are informed by economic, social and cultural forces. Yet prevention is often presented as a monolithic enterprise, an objective and scientific discourse that does not take sides. Behind this facade of political neutrality, diversely positioned individuals and groups often fail to find and/or sustain a common ground for shared prevention initiatives. Increasingly, many prevention awareness campaigns focus upon true accounts or injury narratives that serve both as a catalyst to build multipartite consensus through developing shared collaborative prevention discourses and practices and to mobilize public support for health and safety issues. While the use of the true account form is a recommended strategy in the public health literature directed toward practitioners, the engagement of true accounts in prevention campaigns has not been adequately problematised and examined from a critical social theoretical perspective. A qualitative, sociologically oriented case study of the use of the true account form, the commemorative, in young worker safety campaigns is proposed to deepen our understanding of this particular type of prevention intervention in particular and prevention as an enterprise more generally. The study investigates the socio-historical context in which the Young Worker Memorial LifeQuilt, a Canadian young worker educational initiative, emerged and unraveled as a multipartite prevention campaign centered upon the true account form of consensus commemoratives. A key finding is that true accounts of young workers killed on the job are socially mediated to diffuse blame and build consensus between diversely positioned occupational health and safety practitioners and the family survivors of workplace tragedies. What is included and excluded from these true accounts of workplace injuries, as socially constructed narratives in multipartite prevention awareness campaigns, may be, in part, a product of the terms and conditions negotiated between lead players. The true accounts included in collaborative, cross-institutional prevention campaigns, while referencing real events, may be told in ways that accommodate and harmonize the political perspectives of diversely positioned stakeholders. Conversely, the true account form is a potentially problematic strategy for collaborative prevention discourses and practices, as consensus commemoratives can be retold as critical remembrances of workplace death, with the result that the unifying narrative of a shared, collective memory project is undermined. This dissertation finds that the activity of collaboration shapes prevention as a socio-political activity/practice.