Thesis(MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: At the end of the previous century the magazine market has established itself as 'n highly specialised field with publications focussing on increasingly smaller and specialised niche groups. The South African market is a good reflection of this with a wide variety of magazines available, each with its own unique readers. However it appears as if architectural reporting fills a very small part of this market. Taking a look at the important role architecture - the built environment - plays in daily life, the question occurs why such an integral part of the human experience and field of reference is getting so little coverage. Across the world the history of architectural reporting goes back for more than a century and, especially in the Developed World it seems to be going from strength to strength. Research into architectural reporting in South Africa shows that the tradition also goes back for nearly one hundred years. Still it has never featured very highly on the content pages of magazines and newspapers. In a country faced with the kind of building and development problems such as those in South Africa, one would expect architecture to be discussed more openly and often. At this stage South Africa has only two magazines which exclusively focuses on architecture. These magazines are not to be found in stores, however. Do they have a responsibility in informing the general public regarding matters surrounding architecture? This study looks at the mentioned magazines and why they operate like they do. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tydskrifmark het die vorige eeu afgesluit as 'n hoogs gespesialiseerde veld met publikasies wat op al hoe kleiner en meer gespesialiseerde nisgroepe fokus. Ook in Suid-Afrika is daar 'n wye verskeidenheid tydskrifte beskikbaar, elkeen met 'n unieke leserssamestelli ng. Tog blyk dit dat argitektuurverslaggewing 'n baie klein deel van hierdie mark uitmaak. Kyk 'n mens kyk die belangrike rol wat argitektuur - die beboude omgewing - in die daaglikse lewe speel, ontstaan die vraag waarom so 'n integrale deel van die mens se ervarings- en verwysingsveld so min aandag kry. Die geskiedenis van argitetkuurverslaggewing wereldwyd is al meer as 'n honderd jaar oud en in sommige oorsese - meesal ontwikkelde -Iande Iyk asof dit gedy. 'n Ondersoek na argitektuurverslaggewing in Suid-Afrika toon dat dit ook hier al byna honderd jaar beoefen word, maar dit het nog nooit enige hoe profiel in die inhoudsopgawes van tydskrifte ingeneem nie. Ook in koerante word dit seide indien ooit bespreek. Veral in 'n land 5005 Suid-Afrika, waar daar groot bouvraagstukke is wat opgelos moet word, sou 'n mens kon verwag dat argitektuur meer prominent bespreek sou word. Daar is op hierdie stadium slegs twee Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrifte wat eksklusief op argitektuur fokus. Tog is hierdie tydskrifte nie op die winkelrakke beskikbaar nie. Het hierdie tydskrifte 'n verantwoordelikheid teenoor die algemene publiek, om hulle meer bewus en ingelig te maak rondom kwessies betreffende argitektuur? Hierdie studie stel ondersoek in na die genoemde tydskrifte en waarom hulle bestuur word 5005 wat wei die geval is.

The earliest, but scarce, evidence of cuneiform signs being used syllabically to write Akkadian words and proper nouns is at Fara and Tell Abu Salabikh between 2600 BC and 2500 BC. Between around 2350 BC and 1800 BC, there is an increase in the development and use of signs with syllabic values across Mesopotamia and Syria, but these syllabic values (together called 'syllabaries') are still very local in nature with significant and observable differences in sign usage and values between sites. Starting around 1800 BC, reforms to the system begin to be enforced that standardise these signs and their values, which essentially ends any major variability in the script within specific periods. This provides us with a period of almost 600 years, spanning the second half of the third millennium and early second millennium BC, during which there is a wealth of textual data documenting the first full adaptation of the cuneiform script to syllabically write Semitic words and proper nouns. This thesis investigates the attestations and usage of syllabic values to write Semitic lexemes in the cuneiform text corpora from Ebla, Mari, Nabada, Tuttul, Adab, Eshnunna, Kish, Tutub, Assur, and Gasur - with a particular focus on the Syrian sites - during the second half of the third millennium BC and early second millennium BC in order to answer the following two research questions: 1. Did each third millennium site in Mesopotamia and Syria have its own unique syllabary? 2. What were the primary factors that influenced the differences between the syllabaries? This research uses a series of three interdependent techniques to determine and understand the use and distribution of syllabic values within the cuneiform writing system during the second half of the third millennium BC and early second millennium BC. The results suggest that during this period cuneiform syllabaries are variable, and that variation can further inform us about the regional, temporal, and dialectical contexts in which they existed. The addition of this research to the wider literature on the early adaptation of cuneiform will enhance the field's understanding of how cuneiform syllabic values began to develop and emerge across the ancient Near East, and demonstrates how scientific and computational methods of analysis can be applied to research questions in humanities subjects.

La fin du XXe siècle et le début du XXIe siècle ont vu renaître le débat sur les rapports entre l’histoire et la littérature, entendue comme fiction, dans le sens d'un effacement des frontières entre les deux. Partant de ce postulat, notre étude, à la croisée de ces deux notions, a pour objectif de montrer les liens qui existent entre l’histoire centraméricaine contemporaine et la fiction dans les romans de l’auteur honduro-salvadorien Horacio Castellanos Moya. En effet, l’histoire de plusieurs pays d’Amérique centrale, marquée par des années de dictature, de guerres civiles et de violences politiques ou économiques, a eu un impact considérable sur de nombreux auteurs de la région. L’œuvre fictionnelle de Horacio Castellanos Moya en porte des traces évidentes. Pour les déceler, comprendre leurs enjeux et la manière dont elles figurent dans les romans, l’étude a été divisée en trois grandes parties. La première traite les données biographiques de Horacio Castellanos Moya en tant qu’homme et écrivain ; la deuxième, des principaux faits historiques thématisés et la dernière de leur mise en scène dans l’œuvre. / The late twentieth century and early twenty-first century have seen revived the debate about the relationship between history and literature, understood as fiction, in the sense of a blurring of boundaries between the two. Based on this premise, our study at the crossroads of these two concepts aims to show the links between contemporary Central American history and fiction in novels of Honduras-Salvadoran author Horacio Castellanos Moya. Indeed, the history of several Central American countries, marked by years of dictatorship, civil wars and political or economic violence has had a significant impact on many local authors. The fictional work of Horacio Castellanos Moya bears evident traces. To identify, understand their issues and how they appear in the novels, the study was divided into three main parts. The first deals with the biographical data Horacio Castellanos Moya as man and writer; the second, the main historical facts themed and the last of their stage in the work.

This study examines the value of travellers’ written records of their trips with specific reference to the journals of five French travellers who visited Scotland between 1780 and 1830. The thesis argues that they contain material which demonstrates the merit of journals as historical documents. The themes chosen for scrutiny, life in the rural areas, agriculture, industry, transport and towns, are examined and assessed across the journals and against the social, economic and literary scene in France and Scotland. Through the evidence presented in the journals, the thesis explores aspects of the tourist experience of the Enlightenment and post -Enlightenment periods. The viewpoint of knowledgeable French Anglophiles and their receptiveness to Scottish influences, grants a perspective of the position of France in the economic, social and power structure of Europe and the New World vis-à-vis Scotland. The thesis adopts a narrow, focussed analysis of the journals which is compared and contrasted to a broad brush approach adopted in other studies.

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