Thesis (M.Sc.) - Carleton University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-83). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Une étude expérimentale systématique de la formation des microstructures de solidification d’alliages métalliques (Al-Cu) a été effectuée par application de la radiographie X synchrotron. La radiographie X-Synchrotron nous a donné accès à des observations in situ et en temps réel qui nous ont permis d’analyser de manière quantitative les phénomènes physiques impliqués au cours de la solidification (vitesse de croissance, redistribution du soluté, interaction entre grains équiaxes etc.). Elle nous a également permis de mettre en évidence l’influence de la convection naturelle et de la gravité sur ces différents paramètres physiques et par conséquent sur la formation de la microstructure de solidification. Nous avons comparé nos résultats expérimentaux avec des modèles de prédiction de la croissance dendritique et ensuite avons montré l’intérêt des expériences en microgravité. Nous avons enfin effectué des séries de tests du dispositif expérimental conçu et développé par SSC (Swedish Space Corporation) dans le cadre du projet XRMON (In situ X-Ray MONitoring of advanced metallurgical processes under microgravity and terrestrial conditions) de l'ESA-MAP en vue d’une expérience in situ et en temps réel de solidification en microgravité à bord d’une fusée sonde Maser12. Cette expérience prévue en Novembre 2011. Les résultats obtenus lors des séries de tests valident le dit dispositif en termes de comportement thermique et d’imagerie X par radiographie. / A systematic experimental study of the formation of solidification microstructures of metallic alloys (Al-Cu) was carried out by the application of synchrotron X-ray radiography. Synchrotron X-ray radiography gave access to in situ and real time observations which allowed us to quantitatively analyze the dynamical physical parameters involved in the solidification process (growth rate, solute redistribution, equiaxed grain interaction etc). It also allowed to show the influence of natural convection and gravity on these various physical parameters and consequently on the formation of the solidification microstructures. Our experimental results were compared with models predictions of the dendritic growth and the necessity of microgravity solidification experiments was evidenced. Finally series of tests were carried out on the experimental setup designed by the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) in the framework of the project XRMON (In situ X-Ray MONitoring of advanced metallurgical processes under microgravity and terrestrial conditions) of ESA-MAP for in situ and real time solidification experiments under microgravity conditions on board a sounding rocket Maser12. Maser12 mission is scheduled for November 2011. The tests results validated the experimental setup in term of imaging and thermal behaviour.

Orientador: Carlos Manuel Giles Antunez de Mayolo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T07:15:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vescovi_RafaelFerreiradaCosta_M.pdf: 7268781 bytes, checksum: aad670a87e535324db78cc83c9c2ab07 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Nos últimos anos houve um rápido desenvolvimento na área de imagens obtidas utilizando radiação coerente de raios-X, especialmente porque fontes coerentes ou parcialmente coerentes têm se tornado disponíveis. A vantagem de se usar um feixe de raios-X coerente está em evidenciar o contraste criado pela variação da fase do feixe ao atravessar a amostra. Mesmo quando a coerência do feixe não é completa ainda é possível obter informação da fase na interferência da onda que se propaga após ter atravessado da amostra. Esse método é chamado de Contraste de Fase por Propagação e ressalta principalmente a diferença do índice de refração (parte real e imaginária) na interface das estruturas internas da amostra. Este trabalho vai apresentar uma revisão do método e descrever a montagem de uma estação experimental para micro tomografias de raios-X utilizando o método de contraste de fase por propagação. Também é descrito como é feita a sincronização do experimento utilizando o software de controle EPICS e como é feito o tratamento, reconstrução e visualização das imagens tridimensionais. Serão apresentados resultados de radiografias e reconstruções tomográficas obtidas nesta estação experimental, ressaltando as melhoras obtidas pelo uso deste método, como a visualização de estruturas moles das amostras e definição das bordas / Abstract: In the last years, there has been a fast development on coherent x-ray imaging, especially because coherent or partially coherent sources are becoming more available. The advantage in using a coherent x-ray beam relies on the enhancement of contrast created by the change in the beam\'s phase after interacting with the sample. Even when the beam is not completely coherent is still possible to obtain phase information on the interference pattern of the wave propagating from the sample. This method is called Propagation Phase Contrast Image and improve the contrast on the difference of refraction index (real and imaginary part) from the sample interior interfaces. This work will show a study of the method and the assembly of an experimental station for x-ray micro tomography using this method. We also show how the experiment synchronization is done using the control software EPICS and how to treat, reconstruct and visualize the tridimensional images. An experiment results of radiographies and tomographic reconstructions obtained from this experimental station, showing the improvements obtained by the use of the propagation method, like the visualization of soft tissue and interface definition / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física