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Efeito do armazenamento sobre as características de urina e águas amarelasMartins, Edjane Suenia Costa da Silva 25 February 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A large part of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are essential in agriculture, is found in human urine being their amounts, in most cases, significant, more suitable and sustainable than those in commercial fertilizers. Due to the demand for sustainable alternatives in the context of ecological sanitation, reuse of human urine can be faced as a potentially feasible alternative in the context of decentralized wastewater treatment systems. The experimental research which based this work was divided into two stages, in the first the effect of storage, within open and closed recipients, as a treatment of pure urine and yellow water, being used two containers for pure and two for a 7% dilution of urine. In order to verify the effect of storage, monitoring and evaluation were performed by means of physical, chemical and microbiological indicators. Storage of urine proved to be a cost-effective cleaning method of pure and diluted urine and. Containers with lid were more efficient in physical-chemical and biological stabilization process controlling loss of ammonia by volatilization, and contamination by the influence of the external environment. Concentrations of nutrients were maintained in high levels and fecal contamination tended to elimination in a period of 20 days, at room temperature. In the second step, the aim was the recovery of phosphorus by precipitation, carried out in a jar-test apparatus with MgO addition, at several concentrations, to pure and 7%-diluted urine to 7%. Two ranges of concentrations were used - phase A (0; 0.05; 0.15; 0.30 and 0.45 g of MgO/L) and phase B (0; 0.45; 0.60; 0.75 and 0.90 g MgO/L) - under stirring at 120 rpm, for a period of 2 hours. Precipitation and hence the phosphorus recovery was directly related to the concentration of MgO in both phases. / Grande parte dos nutrientes que são essenciais na agricultura, como nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, é encontrada na urina humana e suas quantidades significativas são, na maioria das vezes, mais apropriadas e sustentáveis do que as encontradas nos fertilizantes químicos comerciais. Devido à demanda por alternativas sustentáveis, no contexto do esgotamento sanitário ecológico, o reuso da urina humana pode ser citado como descentralizados de tratamento de águas residuárias. A pesquisa que fundamentou este uma alternativa viável e de grande potencial na escala de sistemas trabalho foi dividida em duas etapas, tendo a primeira o objetivo de analisar o efeito de modos diversos (aberto e fechado) de armazenamento, como forma de tratamento da urina pura e de águas amarelas. Para tal foram utilizados quatro recipientes de urina pura e diluída a 7%, em dois recipientes com tampa e dois sem tampa. Para verificar o efeito do armazenamento foi realizada a caracterização, por meio de indicadores físicos, químicos e microbiológicos. O armazenamento da urina mostrou-se um método de higienização de baixo custo e bastante eficiente. Quanto às formas de armazenamento (aberta e fechada), a utilização de urina pura em recipientes com tampa mostrou-se mais eficiente no processo de estabilização físico-química e biológica, pois não ocorreu perda de amônia por volatilização, nem contaminações por influência do ambiente externo, a concentração de nutrientes foi considerada satisfatória e os níveis de coliformes termotolerantes tenderam à nulidade em um período de 20 dias, em temperatura ambiente (25 a 26ºC). Na segunda etapa, o objetivo foi a recuperação de fósforo por precipitação levada a efeito em aparelho jar-test, no qual foram adicionadas diferentes concentrações de MgO para cada 1,0 L de urina pura e de diluída a 7%. Duas faixas de concentrações foram utilizadas - fase A (0; 0,05; 0,15; 0,30 e 0,45 g de MgO/L) e fase B (0; 0,45; 0,60; 0,75 e 0,90 g de MgO/L) -, sob agitação a 120 rpm, por um período de 2 horas.A precipitação e, consequentemente a recuperação de fósforo, foi diretamente relacionada às concentrações de MgO, nas duas fases.
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Zdravotně technické instalace v hotelu s lázeňským provozem / Sanitation installation in a hotel with health resortŠimon, Michal January 2014 (has links)
Thesis: Sanitation installation in a hotel with health resort The unit has 6 floors, it is partly with a cellar. The 1st floor is intended for spa purposes, the floors 3-5 serve as the acommodation area and in the 6th floor there is a machine room. The theoretic part is focused on the water problematics, on the type of sewages, including the labeling of their colors, and the following secondary use of the sewages. The next step is the choosing of the appropriate obtion. The project concerns the sanitation installation in a hotel with health resort.
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Využití šedých vod v hotelu / Using of graywater in the HotelVýstupová, Eliška January 2016 (has links)
This thesis solves sanitary equipment installation and design of distribution of gray water in the hotel. Designed building has three floors and basement. On the first floor there are a restaurant, bar, conservatory, sanitary facilities and kitchen facilities. In the second and third floor are rooms for guests. In the basement there are storages, laundry room, engine room and other rooms, which are important for operation. The theoretical part is focused on familiarization with the theme of gray water, their division and possibilities. The practical part of applied knowledge on the subject at. The work also includes the calculation of return on this technological system.
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