Thesis (M.Ed.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2001. / Bibliography: leaves 65-70.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-178). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (M.A. (Play therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A. (Political & International Studies)) - Rhodes University, 2008. / A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Political & International Studies)

Thesis (M.A.)--Briercrest Biblical Seminary, 2000. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-121).

published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health problem and occurs in all countries including Hong Kong. Women are significantly more likely to report being victimized by intimate partner than men. IPV can result in high personal and social costs in terms of personal health consequences, burden on the medical care and loss productivity for the society. Early and effective interventions for women survivors of IPV are utmost importance. Increasing the safety behaviours education to abused women is one of the aims of advocacy interventions that may prevent further abuse and increase the safety and well-being of those women. It is crucial for nurses to assess the effectiveness of the advocacy intervention in order to apply the best evidence into practice in the local settings. However, there are no specific interventions or guidelines for women survivors of IPV are available in Hong Kong local healthcare system including the STD clinics or the Social Hygiene Clinics. In this dissertation, a translational nursing research related to an effective advocacy intervention for women survivors of IPV is described. The purposes of this study are (1) to conduct a systematic literature review on interventions to increase safety behaviours for women survivors of IPV; (2) to summarize and synthesize the data from the identified literatures; (3) to assess the implementation potential of the proposed innovation on advocacy intervention; (4) to develop an evidence-based practice guideline; (5) to develop an implementation plan; and (6) to develop an evaluation plan to assess the effectiveness of the proposed evidence-based guideline. A systematic literature search was conducted and a total of nine studies were identified in the review. The level of evidence and critical appraisal of each selected study was criticized by using the grading system of Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN). After the integrative review, the implementation potential of the proposed innovation on advocacy intervention for women survivors of IPV was assessed in terms of different aspects, including target audience and setting, transferability, feasibility and cost-benefit ratio. Then an evidence-based guideline was developed based on the level of evidence with grades of recommendation stated. For the implementation plan was divided into two parts, the communication plan and the pilot study plan. After communicating with the different identified stakeholders and providing proper training programme to the innovators, a pilot study test was carried out for concrete information on the feasibility of the proposed innovation. Finally, an evaluation plan was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed innovation. The aim of this dissertation is to increase the safety behaviours of the target population and to reduce further abuse. With the implementation of the evidence-based advocacy intervention, the women client’s knowledge on safety-promoting behaviours should be improved significantly thus to improve their health and also to increase their safety. / published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Nursing

Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent public health problem that brings many adverse outcomes to individuals and societies. Understanding, preventing, and reducing IPV is important to minimize the consequences. Instead of studying IPV as a single phenomenon, Johnson’s typology of domestic violence suggests that there are four types of IPV which have differential effects on survivors’ health. Violence and coercive control used by individuals in the relationship are the key components to categorizing the types of IPV. Hence before applying this categorization to the Chinese context, it is first essential to examine the coercive control. Aims: This study aimed (a) to examine pattern of coercive control in Chinese intimate relationships, (b) to establish a cut-off score on the Chinese version of the Revised Controlling Behaviors Scale (C-CBS-R) to differentiate the use of coercive control, and (c) to identify Intimate Terrorism (IT) and Situational Couple Violence (SCV) in Johnson’s typology and their impact on the mental health of women survivors. Methods: A cross-sectional, mixed-methods design study was conducted. Chinese women aged 18 or above who reported being physically abused by an intimate partner in the past 12 months were recruited from shelter and community settings. The study consisted of three parts: (a) semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews to examine the coercive control used in Chinese intimate relationships, (b) qualitative and quantitative data to establish a cut-off score on C-CBS-R, and (c) a survey using a researcher-administered questionnaire to categorize types of IPV and examine their mental health effects. A set of questionnaires was used to elicit participants’ experiences of IPV, frequency of physical violence used, controlling behaviors, depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and demographic characteristics. Results: In Part 1 of the study, a pattern of coercive control was identified in the abusive intimate relationships from the interviews of 20 physically abused women. Then a cut-off score of C-CBS-R was identified as greater than 1.145 to differentiate control with and without a pattern in Part 2 of the study. Finally, a total of 334 physically abused women were recruited with 133 (40%) being identified as IT survivors while 137 (41%) were SCV survivors. IT women survivors were found to experience a significantly higher frequency of physical violence, physical injuries, and use of medical services than SCV survivors. The age difference between the woman and her partner, expressed fear of her partner, experience of financial hardship, and sexual coercion by an intimate partner in the previous year were significantly associated with the occurrence of IT. Using linear regression model analysis, IT women survivors were found to report more severe depressive and PTSD symptoms than SCV survivors with and without confounding by other factors. Conclusion: This study developed a cut-off score on C-CBS-R to differentiate the use of control and identified IT and SCV based on the use of control and violence by individuals according to Johnson’s typology. IT women survivors were found to experience more severe mental health impacts than SCV survivors, showing the differential effect on women survivors’ health. / published_or_final_version / Nursing Studies / Master / Master of Philosophy

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Våld mot kvinnor är ett stort problem i dagens samhälle. Våldet har stora effekter på kvinnors hälsa och sjukvården har ett optimalt läge i att upptäcka och hjälpa kvinnorna ur våldssituationen. Sjuksköterskan är ofta den första inom vården som möter kvinnorna. Möten med våldsutsatta kvinnor omges av utmaningar för sjuksköterskan både på ett professionellt och personligt plan. Syftet med studien var att belysa bemötande och omhändertagande av våldsutsatta kvinnor ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv. Utifrån analys av 12 vetenskapliga artiklar framkom fyra faktorer som arbetets resultat bygger på. För att sjuksköterskor skall vårda våldsutsatta kvinnor på ett optimalt vis behövs kunskap om våld, ett bra förhållningssätt gentemot patienten, god hantering av egna känslor samt förståelse av miljöns betydelse. Samtliga faktorer har ett stort samband med varandra och är grundläggande för sjuksköterskor i mötet med våldsutsatta kvinnor. Pågående forskning inriktas på att fördjupa kunskap och insatsmetoder för organisationer och myndigheter i bekämpandet av våld. Grundutbildningen för sjuksköterskor borde inkludera undervisning om våld i närarelation och förbereda sjuksköterskor för att kunna hantera den emotionella press som kan uppstå i mötet med våldsdrabbade kvinnor. / Violence against women is a major problem in today’s society. The violence has a great impact on women's health and the healthcare system has an ideal location to detect and help women from violence situation. Nurses are often the first healthcare staff to face the women. Meeting with abused women are surrounded by challenges for nurses, both on a professional and personal level. The purpose of this study was to illuminate the treatment and care of abused women from a nursing perspective. Based on analysis of 12 research articles four factors was exposed and finding building. For nurses to care for abused women in an optimal way, they need to know about violence, have a good approach towards the patient, proper management of their own feelings and understanding of the importance of the environment. All the factors have a great connection with each other and are essential for nurses in the meeting with abused women. Current research focuses on deepening knowledge and input methods for organizations and authorities in the fight against violence. Basic education for nurses should include education about domestic violence and prepare nurses to cope with the emotional pressures that may arise when dealing with violent women.