Au cours du XXe siècle, trois lots d’archives ont été découverts dans des temples funéraires royaux à Abousir. Ces archives, datant pour la majeure partie du règne de Djedkarê-Isesi, forment un témoignage particulièrement précieux pour quiconque veut analyser l’état du pouvoir à cette période. Aussi, afin de réétudier les règnes de la fin de la Ve dynastie, il a été nécessaire de proposer en toute première étape un nouveau catalogue raisonné de cet important corpus papyrologique et d’établir une nouvelle classification typologique. Nous distinguons les décrets royaux, les inventaires de mobilier cultuel, les tableaux de service, les bordereaux de réception, les comptes de distribution et les miscellanées. Cette recension a permis de nouvelles observations, notamment une reconstitution complète des décrets royaux retrouvés dans ces temples. Une étude s’est consacrée ensuite aux règnes de Menkaouhor, Djedkarê et Ounas : les particularités présentées par leur complexes funéraires respectifs ont été examinées, comme la question du comput des années de règne, qui pourrait correspondre à un cycle octaétérique. L’examen de la généalogie royale permet de supposer des successions de règne calmes et non contestées. L’analyse des archives d’Abousir nous renseigne sur le fonctionnement des temples funéraires, les gestes cultuels et les festivités qui y sont réalisés, ainsi que sur la composition de leur personnel. Ces données administratives révèlent un système économique complexe mis en place pour alimenter ces cultes funéraires royaux, qui met en exergue un discours politico-religieux spécifique, à l’origine d’une nouvelle définition de la royauté. / During the 20th century, 3 sets of archives were discovered in royal funerary temples at Abousir. These archives, dating from the reign of Djedkare, are a particularly valuable testimony for anyone who wants to analyze the state of power at this time. Also, in order to re-study the reigns of the end of the Vth dynasty, it was necessary to propose in the very first stage a new typological catalog of this important papyrological corpus. We distinguished royal decrees, inventories of religious furniture, service rulings, receipts, distribution accounts and other variae. This review has led to new observations, including a complete reconstitution of the royal decrees found in these archives. A study was then devoted to the reigns of Menkaouhor, Djedkare and Unas: the specificities presented by their respective funeral complexes were examined, as the question of the comput of ruling years, which could correspond to an octaeteric cycle. The examination of the royal genealogy allows us to suppose calm and undisputed successions. The analysis of the archives of Abousir tells us about the functioning of the funerary temples, the religious gesture and the festivities which are realized there, as well as the composition and organization of the personnel. These administrative data reveal a complex economic system put in place to support these royal funerary cults, which highlights a specific politico-religious discourse which determines a new definition of kingship.

The aim of the present thesis is translation, detailed analysis and interpretation of the Coffin Texts of the Late-period tomb of Iufaa at Abusir. The corpus of these texts is unique, because except for a few text sequences, which were common in the Late Period, there are texts that are not preserved elsewhere in the Late Period and sometimes only exist in highly fragmentary Middle Kingdom versions. The Coffin Texts found on Iufaa's outer sarcophagus and on the walls of his burial chamber consist only of such uncommon texts. Some of these are also placed on the inner sarcophagus, whereall theremaining Coffin Texts spells are also located. The thesis presents a translation and analysis of the individual texts, focusing on their development, tradition and changes between the Middle Kingdom and the Late Period, including commentaries on grammar and language use as well as on the content. Iufaa's versions of these texts significantly contribute to our understanding and interpretation of some Coffin Texts spells and present a wider view on Egyptian religious texts and their interpretation, as well as on the textual transmission and work of Egyptian priests and scribes themselves.

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