Les contacts intergroupes, en général, et interculturels, en particulier, s’opèrent rarement sans heurts. Le Modèle d’Acculturation Interactif (Bourhis, Moïse, Perreault & Senecal, 1997) se situe au carrefour de la psychologie de l’acculturation et de la psychologie sociale, en ce sens qu’il intègre pleinement la question des relations intergroupes entre la majorité d’accueil d’un pays d’immigration et les minorités qui s’y installent. C’est pourquoi nous nous sommes basés sur les orientations d’acculturation qu’il décrit pour montrer, au travers de trois études, que certaines d’entre elles prédisposent le groupe majoritaire à exprimer des intentions de comportements discriminants versus non discriminants à l’égard de membres d’un exogroupe culturel, ethnique ou racial. Nous avons qualifié ces intentions de comportements de propension à discriminer du groupe majoritaire. Privilégier l’homogénéité des groupes (assimilation, ségrégation et exclusion) conduit, d’une manière générale, à une plus forte propension à discriminer que le fait d’accepter ou d’approuver des situations d’hétérogénéité culturelle (intégration de transformation, intégration, individualisme). Nous avons néanmoins observé une exception dans le cas de l’orientation intégrationniste, dans la mesure où si les individus qui endossent cette orientation rejettent massivement les comportements discriminants explicitement hostiles, ils tendent à faire preuve de « discrimination bienveillante » (Fehr & Sassenberg, 2009). Les études 2 et 3 se sont déroulées en plusieurs temps, ce qui a permis d’appréhender la progression des attitudes et de la propension à discriminer de professionnels de l’insertion, d’étudiants et de futurs cadres de la fonction publique à l’issue de formations visant à prévenir et lutter contre les discriminations. Ce sont surtout ces intentions de comportements discriminants « bienveillants » qui sont sujettes à évolution. L’ensemble des résultats invite à considérer la mise en place de formations qui travailleraient sur la décatégorisation (Brewer & Miller, 1984) et encourageraient par conséquent à l’individualisme dans certaines circonstances, notamment professionnelles et/ou organisationnelles. Enfin, il conviendrait d’examiner, plus généralement, l’impact des politiques assimilationnistes sur l’efficacité des dispositifs de lutte contre les discriminations mis en œuvre, par ailleurs, au niveau étatique. / Intergroup contacts in general, and intercultural relationships in particular, rarely take place without conflicts. The Interactive Acculturation Model (Bourhis, Moïses, Perreault & Senecal, 1997) is at the crossroads between the psychology of acculturation and social psychology. Indeed, the question of intergroup relations between majority and minority members is completely integrated in the IAM. That is why we focused on acculturation orientations the model describes to show, through three studies, which one predisposes the majority group to express discriminating behaviours versus non discriminating behaviours towards the members of a cultural, ethnic or racial out-group. We called these intentions "propensity to discriminate". People who favour the homogeneity of groups (assimilation, segregation and exclusion) generally tend to be more discriminating than those who accept or approve of situations of cultural heterogeneity (integration of transformation, integration, individualism). Nevertheless, we observed an exception in the case of integrationist orientation. Integrationists massively reject explicitly hostile discrimination but tend to show "benevolent discrimination" (Fehr & Sassenberg, 2009). Studies 2 and 3 took place in a context of test/re-test, wich allowed us to measure the evolution of attitudes and the propensity to discriminate of insertion professionals, students and future state employees. The evolution was measured after several trainings which aimed at warning and fighting against discriminations. The "benevolent" discriminating behaviour intentions were particulary subject to evolution. All these results are in favour of implementing trainings on the decategorization process (Brewer and Miller, on 1984) which would consequently encourage individualism in certain circumstances, notably professional and/or organisational. The results might be enlarged studying the impact of the assimilationists policies on the efficiency of the state plans against discriminations.

Due to China's important status on the global stage, its language and culture have drawn a great deal of attention in academia. Meanwhile, the United States remains a major power, and English continues to be the most widely spoken language in today's world. Exploring intercultural communication among people who speak Chinese and English continues to be an important research area. This study, with its primarily linguistic concern, was designed to focus on a frequently employed figure of speech, metaphor. Based on a comprehensive review of literature on intercultural communication and cognitive linguistics, this research focused on metaphor's cognitive value in order to explore its universal validity. A sample database was generated utilizing metaphorical expressions in classical poetry from Chinese, British, and American literature. An in-depth content analysis was conducted using grounded theory methodology to investigate the common place understanding between Chinese and English cultures. Similarities were achieved among existing patterns of metaphorical expressions from relevant poems. Three primary types of metaphors were found. The first metaphor included abstract concepts projected to concrete concepts. The second metaphor was objects projected to human beings. The third metaphor was objects projected to objects. Two main implications were found based on this research. The primary implication for intercultural communication was related to common ground understanding, adaptation of Chinese immigrants in the United States, and improved international relations. Metaphor's universally cognitive validity constitutes the secondary implication of this study, which contributes to the development of cognitive linguistic theory.

This study??s primary focus was to determine why Chinese international students are not readily accessing counseling centers for help. A literature review explored issues of culture shock, acculturation, as well as help-seeking attitudes among this population. Additionally, the review addressed barriers to pursuing counseling and cultural considerations for counselors to make when working with international students. The students were selected using the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SLASIA) and the Asian Values Scale (AVS) for selection criteria. This was an exploratory descriptive study and participants were interviewed regarding their beliefs, values, opinions, and feelings regarding counselors and the counseling process. Participants were also asked to provide suggestions for more effective marketing of counseling services to the international student population. Limitations of the study and future directions were addressed.

This thesis explores first generation Muslim immigrant womens acculturation experiences and strategies from a religious, cultural and gender perspective. It aims to increase our understanding of the diverse and confounding roles and expectations of their heritage culture and host Canadian culture. Qualitative interviews with eight married with children, English-speaking Muslim immigrant women who have lived in Canada for at least three years explored: (a) their overall experiences living in a Canadian Prairie city; (b) their experience transitioning from their role in the family in a traditional non-Western culture to their role in the family in an egalitarian Canadian culture; and (c) factors that hinder and facilitate their adaptation in Canada. Findings demonstrated that although womens acculturation experiences and strategies are unique and dynamic, all women expressed the interconnectivity and significance of God, community and family in their lives. Womens personal experiences and goals related to work, family, and community influence how and to what degree they negotiate and reconcile the diverse and confounding roles and expectations of their heritage and Canadian cultures. Their acculturation experiences are constantly evolving, and their adaptation in Canada is largely influenced by their daily experiences, including the supports they have and do not have both at home and in their local heritage and host communities. Women also face the central challenge of raising their children in a culture that promotes a set of values that compromises the transmission of their own core religious/cultural values. Thus, they employ strategies such as conscientiously modeling devotion to Islam through practice and teaching, restricting their childrens personal freedom and independence, and monitoring and limiting their childrens Canadian friendships, while increasing contact with their local heritage community. This research contributes to cross-cultural inquiry via a cultural comparison that established cultural aspects of womens traditional heritage cultures, which was subsequently compared to Canadian culture as a tool for gauging cultural discrepancies. Future research may explore the whole family unit through a longitudinal lens to facilitate both the adaptation and integration of immigrants from collectivistic cultures into Canadian culture, and improved policies and programs that mark Canada as a pluralistic and egalitarian culture.

This study??s primary focus was to determine why Chinese international students are not readily accessing counseling centers for help. A literature review explored issues of culture shock, acculturation, as well as help-seeking attitudes among this population. Additionally, the review addressed barriers to pursuing counseling and cultural considerations for counselors to make when working with international students. The students were selected using the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SLASIA) and the Asian Values Scale (AVS) for selection criteria. This was an exploratory descriptive study and participants were interviewed regarding their beliefs, values, opinions, and feelings regarding counselors and the counseling process. Participants were also asked to provide suggestions for more effective marketing of counseling services to the international student population. Limitations of the study and future directions were addressed.

Avhandling--Stockholm, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 203-215. Résumé en anglais.

Dissertation--Berlin--Freie Universität, 2004. / Bibliogr. p. 239-244.

Akademisk avhandling--Arkeologi--Göteborgs Universitet, 2000. / Résumé en anglais. Bibliogr. p. 255-283.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references.

The impact of Euro-canadian civilization on the Algonkian speaking aborigines of the Province of Quebec poses many problems. sane of these problems, espeaially those involving changes in social organization and culture patterns are of interest to anthropologiste and other social scientiste. others are of more immediate or practical concern to government administrators and I:ndian welfare agencies. The present thesis has thus a two-fold objective: a general and a specifie purpose. The general purpose is to contribute to the body of anthropological knowledge wbich concerna itself with the understanding of the processes of culture change and culture growth. Such knowledge is essential to the planning and effective implementation of governmental policies among these people. The specifie purpose will be to descr!be and analyze some aspects of the process of culture change, or acculturation, among the Montagnais Indiana of the seven Islands band of the Quebec-Labrador region of canada. Three phases are abstracted in the acculturation process. The Haliotenam Reserve, one of the segments of the band is chosen as a typological representative of a community in Phase III of the postulated developmental sequences to be examined.