Speaking a foreign language is a major part of communicating in that language. Since LGY 69, spoken English has received the same attention in teaching as the writing of English; and in the national tests today spoken English is considered 1/5 of the test grade.  However, students in many cases find it more difficult to speak English than to write it and some teachers still focus more on writing and grammar than on speaking. In this essay, I am trying to show how a group of fairly fluent students tackle the oral part of their national test and what strategies they use to overcome linguistic difficulties. In order to do so I have filmed five groups and a total number of 17 students when they do the oral part of their national tests in English in grade nine and also have the students fill out a questionnaire about the experience. The tests took place in March and April 2010. This essay shows that the most frequently used strategy is pauses, unfilled and filled, but that for other strategies the individual differences are great. It also shows that group dynamics play an important role when doing the test and students who are not able to do the test with people they normally talk to do worse in the test setting and that the performance of both boys and girls suffer when being put in mixed groups.

Předkládaná práce se zabývá zhodnocením procesu strategické akvizice českého vodárenského podniku VHOS, a.s. velkou nadnárodní společností Aqualia v rámci jejího pronikání na trhy střední a východní Evropy. Práce analyzuje účel akvizice, strategii a oblast zájmu nabyvatele, zahrnuje fáze výběru společnosti, její přípravy na akvizici včetně due diligence a definuje podmínky její realizace. Výstupem práce je identifikace synergického efektu vyvolaného v případě uskutečnění akvizice a jejího dopadu na fungování akviziční jednotky, definování a návrh provedení nezbytných změn v managementu a organizační struktuře subjektu a návrh opatření a nových aktivit vedoucích k ekonomickým, technických a personálním úsporám a následnému úspěšnému fungování subjektu akvizice.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / An Improved AMI (Alternate Mark Inverse) Code used in telemetry system is proposed, its implementation and properties analysis are reported, including error performance analysis, power spectrum analysis, the relationship between acqusition probability of the first frame marker and error threshold and length of frame marker, etc. This type of code has the approximately identical power spectrum performance as the AMI Code. In addition, there have no long continuous zeroes in the data stream, which will cause phase-locked loop to fail. Using the Improved AMI Code, the equal probability of 0 and 1 is changed, which will increase acqusition probability of the first frame marker. Detailed description about how to create the Improved AMI Code is also discussed in this paper.

The purposeof my thesis is to analyzeaspectsconnectedwith liberalisationof legal restrictionsbasedon domesticlegal regulationsconcerningacquisitionof domesticreal estateby foreignexchangenon-residents.The reasonfor my researchis that nobodyever hasanalyzedthistopic alsofrom historicalperspective. The thesisis composedof four chapters,eachof them dealingwith different aspectsof acquisitionof domesticreal estateby foreign exchangenon-residentsand relatedissues. ChapterOne is focusedon legal regulationsrestrictingforeign exchangenon-residentsin acquisitionsof domesticrealestatethatexistedbefore1898.The chapteris subdividedinto six parts. Part One describeslegal restrictionsexisting under Decision of Permanent Committee No. 28711938Coll. and explainsrelated issues.Part Two deals with legal restrictionsexistingunderGovernmentalDecreeNo. 155/1939Coll. and explainsrelated issues.Part threedealswith legal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. 9311946Coll' and explainsrelatedissues.Part Four is focusedon legal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. 107/1953and explainsrelatedissues.PartFive describeslegal restrictionsexistingunder Act No. l42lIgl0 Coll. andexplainsrelatedissues.PartSix is focusedon legalrestrictions existingunderAct No. 16211989andexplainsrelatedissues' ChapterTwo examineslegal restrictionsexistingin...

The main purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of a third language’s possible effect on learners’ second language acquisition. There is research how a first language affects the acquisition of a second language and that research has shown that a first language does affect the learning of an additional language in different ways. Even though  it is proven that languages do influence each other in learning processes there is very little previous research that studies if and how a third language can be affected by or affect a learner’s second language. To investigate possible differences in error-making, the first research question is to investigate what kind of errors the students make. The most common errors that students make are when subject-verb agreement is noncontiguous. The second research question is to see if Swedish students who know Spanish make different errors in English subject-verb agreement than Swedish students who do not know Spanish. This study finds that there are slight differences in how Swedish students who know Spanish and students who do not know Spanish make errors with English subject-verb agreement. The difference is that the students who know Spanish make fewer errors with noncontiguous subject-verb agreement, especially in relative clauses and with coordinated verb phrases. The fact that these students make fewer errors with noncontiguous subject-verb agreement may be an indication that they have a greater understanding of this grammatical feature. / Lokalt ID: 2011vt4810

<p>The world of sports has gone through some remarkable changes over the past couple of decades; many sports teams have developed into full-fledged businesses and can today be traded on the stock exchange and have annual turnovers of several million dollars. The teams themselves have together with the media industry lead the development from sports as merely entertainment into an entertainment industry; with this development, the question of whether competition laws should apply also to sports has become inevitable. The increased interdependence between media and sport, which in an increasing number of instances has lead to integration between the media and sports industry,through media companies acquiring control over athletic teams further highlights the problem. One of the more recent occurances is the attempt by BSkyB to acuire Manchester United, should one see to the potential anti-competitive implications which may lie in this integration or should the industries be allowed to form these kind of bonds. Is vertical integration between the media industry and the sports industry subject to the competition laws? If that is the case, should this kind of integration be permissible - if not - should it be impermissible in full or to what extent? The purpose of this paper is to try to clarify these issues.</p>

<p>Abstract</p><p>The purpose of this study is to analyse the reading- and writing-approaches: the LTG-method and the whole language-theory. The attention is to perform a comparative literate-study to distinguish their similarities and differences, and examine which one of the approaches that is most clearly anchored in the syllabus of the subject Swedish. The starting-point of the study is the questions: Which similarities respectively differences have the LTG-method and the whole language-theory? Which one of these theories is most clearly anchored in the syllabus of the subject Swedish? The study has shown that both the whole language-theory and the LTG-method can anchor in the syllabus for Swedish. However the whole language-theory has stronger hold in the syllabus, as the whole language emphasises the meaning of literature for reading- and writing-learning, and considers the pupils reflection during their learning-process and conquered knowledge-goal. The whole language-theory and the LTG-method have a number of similarities and emanate from similar influences. Finally I insinuate that the LTG-method could be a part or a direction under the parasol of the whole language-theory.</p> / <p>Sammandrag</p><p>Syftet med studien är att studera läs- och skrivlärorna LTG-metoden och whole language-teorin. Avsikten är att utföra en komparativ litteraturstudie, för att urskilja de bådas likheter och olikheter, samt undersöka vilken av dem som är tydligast förankrad i kursplanen för svenska. Studiens utgångspunkt är frågeställningarna: Vilka likheter respektive skillnader har LTG och whole language-teorin? Vilken av dessa teorier finns tydligast förankrad i kursplanen för svenska? Studien har visat att såväl whole language-teorin som LTG-metoden kan förankras i kursplanen för svenska. Dock har whole language-teorin starkare fäste i kursplanen, då whole language-teorin betonar litteraturens betydelse för läs- och skrivinlärning, samt behandlar elevernas reflektion under deras inlärningsprocess och erövrade kunskapsmål. Whole language-teorin och LTG-metoden har en rad beröringspunkter, samt utgår från liknande influenser. Slutligen antyder jag att LTG-metoden skulle kunna vara en del eller en riktning under whole language-teorins parasoll.</p>

The world of sports has gone through some remarkable changes over the past couple of decades; many sports teams have developed into full-fledged businesses and can today be traded on the stock exchange and have annual turnovers of several million dollars. The teams themselves have together with the media industry lead the development from sports as merely entertainment into an entertainment industry; with this development, the question of whether competition laws should apply also to sports has become inevitable. The increased interdependence between media and sport, which in an increasing number of instances has lead to integration between the media and sports industry,through media companies acquiring control over athletic teams further highlights the problem. One of the more recent occurances is the attempt by BSkyB to acuire Manchester United, should one see to the potential anti-competitive implications which may lie in this integration or should the industries be allowed to form these kind of bonds. Is vertical integration between the media industry and the sports industry subject to the competition laws? If that is the case, should this kind of integration be permissible - if not - should it be impermissible in full or to what extent? The purpose of this paper is to try to clarify these issues.

Phonological awareness (PA) can be defined as the ability to recognize that orthographic patterns represent specific phonemic elements of speech (Nitrouer, 1999). Alternatively, some view PA as a purely linguistic skill that involves the ability to recognize and manipulate specific speech sounds (e.g., Catts, 1991). A large body of research indicates the primary problem for children who do not learn to read is a deficit in PA (e.g., Morris et al., 1998; Stanovich, 1988). Far less work has examined what drives the development of PA (Metsala & Walley, 1998). Recently, it has been suggested that oral language skills influence the acquisition of PA (e.g., Dickinson, McCabe, Anastasopoulos, Peisner-Feinberg, & Poe, 2003; Olofsson & Niedersoe 1999). The primary purpose of this study was to examine the development of PA skills in children classified with a reading disability who evidenced either typical or below-average oral language skills based on measures of receptive vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, and listening comprehensions skills. In addition, this study examined whether differing conceptualizations of PA resulted in differential findings concerning the relationship between oral language skills and PA. Finally, this study examined the relationships that exist between different domains of language and different aspects of reading achievement. Elementary school age students participated in the study with 211 students receiving 70 hours of small group reading intervention. Sixty-eight students served as a control group. Children’s PA was assessed at three time points throughout the school year. Repeated measures ANCOVA and HLM analyses were conducted with letter sound knowledge and phonological processing skills as dependent variables. Students with below-average oral language skills evidenced significantly (p < .05) lower scores on both measures compared to students with typical oral language skills. Children with below-average oral language skills did not acquire PA skills at a significantly slower rate than children with typical oral language skills. Analyses also indicated that the relationship between oral language skills and PA skills remains consistent across different conceptualizations of PA. SEM analyses showed that receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary knowledge independently contributed to PA skills. Only expressive vocabulary knowledge entered into a relationship with word identification skills.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible differences in the way American and Swedish journalists writing in English use maximizers, i.e. intensifying adverbs. In order to fulfill the purpose, information about how maximizers are used in two different sub-corpora, namely SWENC (The Swedish-English Corpus) and TIME (Time Corpus of American English) is collected. The data in SWENC has been collected from various websites where the crucial criterion was that the authors of the articles must have Swedish as their first language. The data from TIME has been collected from Time Magazine’s online corpora which is freely available on the Internet. The results show that there are some differences in the way Swedes and Americans use maximizers. The number of tokens for each maximizer does not differ to a great extent between the two corpora. However, there are larger deviances in the use of collocations and semantic prosody. The conclusion drawn from this is that there are indeed some differences in how American and Swedish journalists writing in English use maximizers, although they are not very many.