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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desenvolvimento de um simulador antropomórfico para simulação e medidas de dose e fluxo de nêutrons na instalação para estudos em BNCT / Development of an anthropomorfic simulator for simulation and measurements of neutron dose and flux in the facility for BNCT studies

Muniz, Rafael Oliveira Rondon 11 August 2010 (has links)
A instalação do IPEN para pesquisas em BNCT (Terapia por Captura de Nêutrons em Boro) utiliza o canal de irradiação número 3 do reator IEA-R1, no qual tem-se um campo misto de radiação nêutrons e gama. As pesquisas em andamento necessitam que o campo de radiação, na posição de irradiação de amostra, tenha na composição os nêutrons térmicos maximizados e os componentes de nêutrons epitérmicos, rápidos e radiação gama minimizados. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar se o campo de radiação atual na instalação é adequado aos trabalhos em BNCT. Para cumprir com este objetivo, uma metodologia para dosimetria de nêutrons térmicos e radiação gama em campos mistos de altas doses, que não era disponível no IPEN, foi implantada no Centro de Engenharia Nuclear do IPEN, utilizando dosímetros termoluminescentes TLDs 400, 600 e 700. Para as medidas de fluxo de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos foram utilizados detetores de ativação de ouro aplicando a técnica de razão de cádmio. Um simulador antropomórfico cilíndrico composto de discos de acrílico foi desenvolvido e testado na instalação e para obter valores teóricos do fluxo de nêutrons e a dose ao longo do simulador antropomórfico foi utilizado o código computacional DOT 3.5. Na posição correspondente a aproximadamente metade do comprimento do cilindro do simulador antropomórfico, foram obtidos os seguintes valores: fluxo de nêutrons térmicos (2,52 ± 0,06).108n/cm2s, epitérmicos (6,17 ± 0,26).107n/cm2s, dose absorvida devido a nêutrons térmicos de (4,2 ± 1,8)Gy e devido a radiação gama (10,1 ± 1,3)Gy. Os valores obtidos mostram que os fluxos de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos são adequados para os estudos em BNCT, porém, a dose devido a radiação gama está elevada, indicando que a instalação deve ser aprimorada. / IPEN facility for researches in BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) uses IEA-R1 reactor\'s irradiation channel number 3, where there is a mixed radiation field neutrons and gamma. The researches in progress require the radiation fields, in the position of the irradiation of sample, to have in its composition maximized thermal neutrons component and minimized, fast and epithermal neutron flux and gamma radiation. This work was developed with the objective of evaluating whether the present radiation field in the facility is suitable for BNCT researches. In order to achieve this objective, a methodology for the dosimetry of thermal neutrons and gamma radiation in mixed fields of high doses, which was not available in IPEN, was implemented in the Center of Nuclear Engineering of IPEN, by using thermoluminescent dosimeters TLDs 400, 600 and 700. For the measurements of thermal and epithermal neutron flux, activation detectors of gold were used applying the cadmium ratio technique. A cylindrical phantom composed by acrylic discs was developed and tested in the facility and the DOT 3.5. computational code was used in order to obtain theoretical values of neutron flux and the dose along phantom. In the position corresponding to about half the length of the cylinder of the phantom, the following values were obtained: thermal neutron flux (2,52 ± 0,06).108n/cm2s, epithermal neutron flux (6,17 ± 0,26).107.106n/cm2s, absorbed dose due to thermal neutrons (4,2 ± 1,8)Gy and (10,1 ± 1,3)Gy due to gamma radiation. The obtained values show that the fluxes of thermal and epithermal neutrons flux are appropriate for studies in BNCT, however, the dose due to gamma radiation is high, indicating that the facility should be improved.
2

Desenvolvimento de um simulador antropomórfico para simulação e medidas de dose e fluxo de nêutrons na instalação para estudos em BNCT / Development of an anthropomorfic simulator for simulation and measurements of neutron dose and flux in the facility for BNCT studies

Rafael Oliveira Rondon Muniz 11 August 2010 (has links)
A instalação do IPEN para pesquisas em BNCT (Terapia por Captura de Nêutrons em Boro) utiliza o canal de irradiação número 3 do reator IEA-R1, no qual tem-se um campo misto de radiação nêutrons e gama. As pesquisas em andamento necessitam que o campo de radiação, na posição de irradiação de amostra, tenha na composição os nêutrons térmicos maximizados e os componentes de nêutrons epitérmicos, rápidos e radiação gama minimizados. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar se o campo de radiação atual na instalação é adequado aos trabalhos em BNCT. Para cumprir com este objetivo, uma metodologia para dosimetria de nêutrons térmicos e radiação gama em campos mistos de altas doses, que não era disponível no IPEN, foi implantada no Centro de Engenharia Nuclear do IPEN, utilizando dosímetros termoluminescentes TLDs 400, 600 e 700. Para as medidas de fluxo de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos foram utilizados detetores de ativação de ouro aplicando a técnica de razão de cádmio. Um simulador antropomórfico cilíndrico composto de discos de acrílico foi desenvolvido e testado na instalação e para obter valores teóricos do fluxo de nêutrons e a dose ao longo do simulador antropomórfico foi utilizado o código computacional DOT 3.5. Na posição correspondente a aproximadamente metade do comprimento do cilindro do simulador antropomórfico, foram obtidos os seguintes valores: fluxo de nêutrons térmicos (2,52 ± 0,06).108n/cm2s, epitérmicos (6,17 ± 0,26).107n/cm2s, dose absorvida devido a nêutrons térmicos de (4,2 ± 1,8)Gy e devido a radiação gama (10,1 ± 1,3)Gy. Os valores obtidos mostram que os fluxos de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos são adequados para os estudos em BNCT, porém, a dose devido a radiação gama está elevada, indicando que a instalação deve ser aprimorada. / IPEN facility for researches in BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) uses IEA-R1 reactor\'s irradiation channel number 3, where there is a mixed radiation field neutrons and gamma. The researches in progress require the radiation fields, in the position of the irradiation of sample, to have in its composition maximized thermal neutrons component and minimized, fast and epithermal neutron flux and gamma radiation. This work was developed with the objective of evaluating whether the present radiation field in the facility is suitable for BNCT researches. In order to achieve this objective, a methodology for the dosimetry of thermal neutrons and gamma radiation in mixed fields of high doses, which was not available in IPEN, was implemented in the Center of Nuclear Engineering of IPEN, by using thermoluminescent dosimeters TLDs 400, 600 and 700. For the measurements of thermal and epithermal neutron flux, activation detectors of gold were used applying the cadmium ratio technique. A cylindrical phantom composed by acrylic discs was developed and tested in the facility and the DOT 3.5. computational code was used in order to obtain theoretical values of neutron flux and the dose along phantom. In the position corresponding to about half the length of the cylinder of the phantom, the following values were obtained: thermal neutron flux (2,52 ± 0,06).108n/cm2s, epithermal neutron flux (6,17 ± 0,26).107.106n/cm2s, absorbed dose due to thermal neutrons (4,2 ± 1,8)Gy and (10,1 ± 1,3)Gy due to gamma radiation. The obtained values show that the fluxes of thermal and epithermal neutrons flux are appropriate for studies in BNCT, however, the dose due to gamma radiation is high, indicating that the facility should be improved.
3

Neutron Spectrometry Using Activation Detectors : Utilizing Measurements of Induced Radioactivity in Elements for Neutron Spectrum Unfolding

Arnqvist, Elias January 2024 (has links)
The neutron plays a central role in numerous fields of physics, a fact that entails a need for methods of measuring neutron energy spectra. In this project, a technique for neutron spectrometry through measurements of neutron-induced radioactivity in activation detectors was developed and tested. The developed technique involves irradiating element samples with neutrons, measuring activation products with a gamma spectrometer, and then performing a neutron spectrum unfolding procedure. The elements indium, iron, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, titanium, and copper were used as activation detectors and irradiated with neutrons from an americium-beryllium (AmBe) neutron source. Subsequent gamma spectrometry was performed with the UGGLA high-purity germanium detector setup at Uppsala University. The GRAVEL unfolding algorithm was implemented in MATLAB and used to unfold neutron spectra based on an initial spectrum guess. The unfolded neutron spectrum agrees well with the expected AmBe spectrum, though some difference between the spectra is attributed to neutron scattering in the irradiation environment. A possible ability to find approximate neutron spectra from inaccurate initial guesses is found, but additional work is needed to understand better how the initial guess affects the result for different neutron sources. Because activation detectors do not require electrical power when measuring neutrons, can be made sensitive to a wide range of neutron energies, and do not detect other types of radiation, future applications could find the developed neutron spectrometry method practical.

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