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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

確定給付退休金計畫於總和精算成本法之最適控制 / Optimal Control of the Defined Benefit Pension Schemes under Aggregate Actuarial Cost Method

葉倩妏, Yeh,chien wen Unknown Date (has links)
本文利用隨機控制理論,延續Chang et al. ( 2002 ),採用總和精算成本法,考慮提撥率風險( Haberman and Sung ( 1994 ) )極小的情況下,推導確定給付退休基金之最適提撥與資產配置策略封閉解,資產配置部分考慮股票市場投資組合、永續債券、現金三種部位。 套用公務人員退撫基金第四次精算報告之數據,透過Matlab重覆模擬1,000次,數值結果如下: 1.正常成本與提撥金額呈遞增趨勢,且兩數據差距甚小,符合風險評估函數所設定之提撥率風險極小化的要求。十年控制期間中,正常成本成長5.32倍,從1.03億增加至5.49億;提撥金額成長16.65倍,從0.33億增加至5.56億。275期以前正常成本大於提撥;275之後提撥大於正常成本。 2.初期提撥金額小於給付金額,且投資報酬不足以彌補其差額,因此造成基金規模縮小,但由於提撥金額成長速率大於給付支出,使得基金規模下降程度趨緩,隨後開始穩定成長。十年控制期間中,基金規模從起始的1,000億下降至840億,再上升至約1,314億。 3.股票與債券之持有或放空的部位越多,基金報酬率波動越大,基金規模越大時,可承擔風險的容量增加,因此傾向高風險投資;基金規模越小時,風險承受度變小,所以投資策略反而趨向保守。股票最多持有99.18%、放空90%;債券最多持有293.5%、放空140.14%。 / In this study, we continue using the model of Chang et al. ( 2002 ), which is based on stochastic control theory to study the dynamic funding policy and investment strategy for defined benefit pension plans. The model includes three investable assets: stock market portfolio, consol bond, and cash. We apply “Aggregate Actuarial Cost Method,” so only the contribution rate risk proposed in Haberman and Sung ( 1994 ) is considered when measuring the performance. In addition, we analyzed the data from Taiwan Public Employees Retirement System (Tai-PERS) investigate the optimal contribution and asset allocation through the proposed model and arrived at the following conclusion: 1.The trend of increasing normal cost and contribution as well as the small disparity tally with the requirement of minimum contribution risk as defined in the loss function. 2.In the beginning, the return of investment and contribution are insufficient to cover the benefit payment, causing the fund level to shrink; but as the rate of contribution increases over time and surpasses the benefit payments, the fund level will cease to shrink, and start to grow gradually. 3.There is a positive correlation between the fund level and the risk of investment. In other words, the larger the size of the fund level, the higher the possibility of holding or short selling risky assets.
2

參數模型與取樣差異於退休金財務評價之研究 / Parametric Statistical Model and Selection Bias in Pension Valuation : The Case of Taiwan Public Employees Retirement System

陳宏仁, Chen, Hung-Jen Unknown Date (has links)
確定給付制的退休金計畫,退休金成本提存的適當與否,關係到基金長期的財務健全及未來員工權益的保障,而我國公務人員退撫基金關係到廣大公務人員的權益,也影響到政府的財政支出,所以對公務人員退撫基金更有精算的必要,以確保提撥率之適當而不至於對政府財政增加額外負擔。 本論文從人口面的角度出發,以我國公務人員退休撫卹基金為實證分析之研究對象,探討人口面的假設對於公務人員退撫基金提撥率,未來各項給付支出的影響,包括從經驗資料中取樣,探討大小不同的樣本建立之服職表,於計算提撥率的差異,並利用混成模型建立新進成員假設,以開放團體模擬基金成員結構,在某些固定假設之下,模擬未來五十年的基金資產與現金流量情況。 根據本研究結果指出,利用不同取樣所建構的服職表,計算出之提撥率差異甚大,顯示小型的退休金計畫並不適宜以自身的經驗資料作為精算評價的基礎。另外,以常態分佈的混成模型建立公務人員新進假設,在人數設限成員群體的假設下作開放團體模擬的結果,顯示公務人員年齡結構在未來有逐漸老化的趨勢,在本文所採的假設下,基金資產將先增後減而於民國121年破產。在現行的公務人員退休撫卹制度下,要避免基金破產之情況發生,唯有提高提撥率、提高基金資產報酬率、或壓低薪資成長率。 第一章 緒論 第一節 研究動機與目的 第二節 研究範圍與限制 第三節 研究架構與內容 第二章 退休金精算考慮之因素 第一節 退休基金精算系統的概念及文獻回顧 第二節 精算假設 第三節 精算成本法 第三章 基金成員結構分析的理論基礎 第一節 服職表的編製 壹、 模型建立 貳、 修勻方法 參、 程式演算過程 第二節 混成參數模型的建構 第三節 基金成員新進參數模型的建立 第四節 基金成員新進、脫退隨機過程 第四章 公務人員退撫基金精算模擬 第一節 公務人員退撫基金給付規定 第二節 公務人員退撫基金精算評價系統簡介 第三節 公務人員退撫基金精算評價之實證 壹、 取樣差異對於提撥率的影響 貳、 開放團體模擬基金成員結構和財務預估 第五章 結論與建議 第一節 結論 第二節 對後續研究的建議 附錄A:估計粗脫率之程式 附錄B:修勻程式(Whittaker法) 附錄C:估計常態混成模型參數之程式 附錄D:公務人員新進成員年齡、職等分佈模擬之程式 附錄E-1:服職表1 附錄E-2:服職表2 附錄E-3:服職表3 附錄E-4:服職表4 附錄E-5:服職表5 附錄E-6:服職表6 附錄E-7:服職表7 / The adequacy of the plan contribution for a defined benefit pension scheme is directly related to its financial soundness and the plan member’s benefits. Due to uncertainty of the plan’s turnover, the service table plays an important role in actuarial valuation and cash flow projection. In this study, Taiwan public employees retirement system is studied to monitor the solvency issue due to bias in selecting the service tables. Tai-PERS is designed to provide retirement and ancillary benefits to 271,215 government employees. Its financial soundness is especially vital to the government annual balance. The plan contribution and projected cash flows of Tai-PERS are investigated using various sampling results. The distribution of the new entrants is assumed to follow the mixture model to describe the recruiting results. Then dynamic simulations under the open group assumption are performed to predict the future fund assets and cash flows. The results show significant differences in employing various service tables. Hence selecting proper demographic assumptions is particular important in pension valuation. Under our approach, the workforce of Tai-PERS is aging given the current plan population. Based on the given scenario, the projected plan assets increase and then decrease to be insolvent in 2032. Some interesting results are also discussed.

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