Background It has long been acknowledged that hearing impairment may increase the risk for psychotic experiences. Recent work suggests that young people in particular may be at risk, indicating a possible developmental mechanism. Method The hypothesis that individuals exposed to hearing impairment in early adolescence would display the highest risk for psychotic symptoms was examined in a prospective cohort study of a population sample of originally 3021 adolescents and young adults aged 14–24 years at baseline, in Munich, Germany (Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology Study). The expression of psychosis was assessed at multiple time points over a period of up to 10 years, using a diagnostic interview (Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview; CIDI) administered by clinical psychologists. Results Hearing impairment was associated with CIDI psychotic symptoms [odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–3.81], particularly more severe psychotic symptoms (OR 5.66, 95% CI 1.64–19.49). The association between hearing impairment and CIDI psychotic symptoms was much stronger in the youngest group aged 14–17 years at baseline (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.54–7.01) than in the older group aged 18–24 years at baseline (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.24–2.84). Conclusions The finding of an age-specific association between hearing impairment and psychotic experiences suggests that disruption of development at a critical adolescent phase, in interaction with other personal and social vulnerabilities, may increase the risk for psychotic symptoms.

Personlig integritet är av stor vikt för en sund utveckling av en individs identitet, psykiska hälsa och välbefinnande och påverkas av omgivningen. Personlig integritet är därför en viktig parameter i en psykologs terapeutiska arbete. Syftet med föreliggande kvalitativa studie var att undersöka hur psykologstuderande ser på personlig integritet i dagens individcentrerade samhälle med internet och sociala medier. Sju psykologstuderande på Stockholms universitet intervjuades. Resultatet av en tematisk analys visade att deltagarna ansåg att den personliga integriteten betyder olika mycket för olika individer, men uppfattas påverkas negativt. Möjligheten att behålla en hög integritet upplevs bli allt svårare. Internet tenderar också att påverka identitetsskapandet, särskilt hos unga. Kunskap och dialog framstår som vägen till ett sundare användande av internet. Framtidens psykologer kommer sannolikt att påverkas i sin yrkesutövning av den sänkta integriteten. Studien indikerar flera viktiga framtida forskningsområden och lyfter behovet av att belysa problematiken på psykologutbildningen. / Personal integrity is of great importance for the healthy development of an individual's identity, mental health and well-being and is influenced by the environment. Personal integrity is therefore an important parameter in a psychologist's therapeutic work. The purpose of the present qualitative study was to investigate how psychological students look at personal integrity in today's individual-centered society with internet and social media. Seven psychologist students at Stockholm University were interviewed. The result of a thematic analysis showed that the participants considered that the personal integrity means different things to different individuals, but is perceived to be adversely affected. The ability to maintain high integrity is perceived to be increasingly difficult. The Internet also tends to affect identity creation, especially among young people. Knowledge and dialogue are the way to a healthier use of the internet. The psychologists of the future are likely to be affected by their reduced integrity in their professional practice. The study indicates several important future research areas and highlights the need to highlight the problems during psychology education